Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)
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Quick Lookups
Electrical Component Locations
Fluids
Technical Bulletins
Tire Fitment
Wiring Diagrams
- Accessories & Equipment
- Anti-Theft Systems
- Cruise Control Systems
- Gauges & Instrument Panels
- Instrument Panel - Standard
- Description & Operation
- Oil Pressure Indicator Light Testing
- Low Oil Level Warning Light Testing
- Charge Indicator Light Testing
- Shift Indicator Light Testing
- 4WD Indicator Testing
- Anti-Lock Brake Indicator Testing
- Ammeter Testing
- Voltmeter Testing
- Fuel Level Gauge Testing
- Oil Pressure Gauge Testing
- Temperature Gauge Testing
- Tachometer Testing Note
- Tachometer Testing
- Instrument Voltage Regulator (IVR) R & I
- Instrument Cluster R & I Note
- Instrument Cluster R & I
- Instrument Panel - Standard
- Heated Glass/Defoggers
- Steering Column Switches
- Ignition Switch & Lock Cylinder
- Description
- Adjustments
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Lock Cylinder
- Notes
- Removal With Key (Aerostar, Bronco II & Ranger)
- Removal Without Key (Aerostar, Bronco II & Ranger)
- Installation (Aerostar, Bronco II & Ranger)
- Removal With Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series)
- Installation With Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series)
- Removal Without Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series With Non-Tilt Steering)
- Installation Without Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series With Non-Tilt Steering)
- Removal Without Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series With Tilt Steering)
- Installation Without Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series With Tilt Steering)
- Ignition Switch
- Lock Cylinder
- Steering Column Switches
- Adjustments & Checks
- Trouble Shooting
- Removal & Installation
- Horn Button
- Steering Wheel
- Turn Signal & Hazard Flasher Switches
- Lock Cylinder
- Removal With Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series)
- Installation With Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series)
- Removal Without Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series With Non-Tilt Steering)
- Installation Without Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series With Non-Tilt Steering)
- Removal Without Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series With Tilt Steering)
- Installation Without Key (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series With Tilt Steering)
- Ignition Switch
- Torque Specifications
- Turn Signals & Hazard Flashers
- Ignition Switch & Lock Cylinder
- Warning Systems
- Window Motors & Regulators
- Wiper/Washer Systems
- Description & Operation
- Adjustment
- Testing
- Wiper Motor Current Draw
- Circuit Breaker Testing
- Wiper Switch Continuity
- Park Testing
- Interval Governor Testing
- Washer Pump Current Draw Testing
- Wipers Inoperative In All Positions Diagnosis
- Wipers Inoperative/Erratic In Intermittent Or Low Diagnosis
- Wipers Run In Off Position Diagnosis
- Wipers Will Not Park Diagnosis
- Wipers Do Not Run When Washer Is Activated Diagnosis
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Body & Frame
- Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
- Description & Operation
- Bleeding Brake System
- Trouble Shooting
- Diagnosis
- Retrieving Trouble Codes
- Trouble Codes
- No Codes
- Code 1
- Code 2 (Open Isolate Circuit)
- Code 3 (Open Dump Circuit)
- Code 4 (Closed Valve Switch Or Open Dump Valve) Bronco, "E" & "F" Series
- Aerostar, Explorer, Ranger & Navajo
- Code 5 (System Dumps Too Many Times)
- Code 6 (Speed Sensor Signal Rapidly Cuts In And Out)
- Code 7 (No Isolate Valve Self-Test)
- Code 8 (No Dump Valve Self-Test)
- Code 9 (High Sensor Resistance)
- Code 10 (Low Sensor Resistance)
- Code 11 (Stoplight Switch Circuit)
- Code 12 (Fluid Level Switch Closed During A Stop) Bronco, "E" & "F" Series
- Code 12 (Loss Of Brake Fluid For One Second During Stop) Aerostar, Explorer, Navajo & Ranger
- Code 13 (Speed Sensor Check)
- Code 14 (Program Check)
- Code 15 (Memory Failure)
- Code 16 (Aerostar)
- Testing
- Notes
- Test A - Yellow Light Off & Does Not Self-Check
- Test B - Red Light On, Yellow Light Off & Does Self-Check
- Test C - Yellow & Red Lights On Steady
- Test D - Yellow Light On, Red Light Off
- Test E - Yellow Light Flashing & Red Light Off
- Test F - Lights Okay & Rear Wheels Lock-Up
- Test G - Yellow Light Self-Checks, Red Light Does Not Self-Check
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagrams
- Mechanical - Hydraulic
- Brake System Bleeding
- Disc & Drum
- Description
- BENDIX Single Diaphragm Booster
- Brake System Bleeding
- Brake Warning Light System
- Differential Pressure Warning Switch (AEROSTAR)
- Drum Brakes
- Dual Piston Master Cylinder (AEROSTAR)
- Dual Piston Master Cylinder (Except AEROSTAR)
- Fluid Level Indicator
- Integral By-Pass Proportioning Valve (AEROSTAR)
- Rear Anti-Lock Brake System
- Sliding Caliper Discs
- Brake System Bleeding
- Adjustments
- Rotor Servicing
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Brake Shoes
- Disc Brake Calipers & Pads
- Locking Hubs - Manual (Bronco II & Ranger)
- Locking Hubs - Automatic (Bronco II & Ranger)
- Master Cylinder (AEROSTAR)
- Master Cylinder (Except AEROSTAR)
- Master Cylinder Reservoir (AEROSTAR)
- Master Cylinder Reservoir (Except AEROSTAR)
- Power Brake Booster
- Rotor (2WD)
- Rotor (4WD W/Manual Locking Hubs)
- Rotor (4WD W/Auto Locking Hubs)
- Wheel Cylinder
- Overhaul
- Torque Specifications
- Brake System Specifications
- Description
- Traction Control
- Anti-Lock
- Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
- Description & Operation
- Bleeding Brake System
- Trouble Shooting
- Diagnosis
- Retrieving Trouble Codes
- Trouble Codes
- No Codes
- Code 1
- Code 2 (Open Isolate Circuit)
- Code 3 (Open Dump Circuit)
- Code 4 (Closed Valve Switch Or Open Dump Valve) Bronco, "E" & "F" Series
- Aerostar, Explorer, Ranger & Navajo
- Code 5 (System Dumps Too Many Times)
- Code 6 (Speed Sensor Signal Rapidly Cuts In And Out)
- Code 7 (No Isolate Valve Self-Test)
- Code 8 (No Dump Valve Self-Test)
- Code 9 (High Sensor Resistance)
- Code 10 (Low Sensor Resistance)
- Code 11 (Stoplight Switch Circuit)
- Code 12 (Fluid Level Switch Closed During A Stop) Bronco, "E" & "F" Series
- Code 12 (Loss Of Brake Fluid For One Second During Stop) Aerostar, Explorer, Navajo & Ranger
- Code 13 (Speed Sensor Check)
- Code 14 (Program Check)
- Code 15 (Memory Failure)
- Code 16 (Aerostar)
- Testing
- Notes
- Test A - Yellow Light Off & Does Not Self-Check
- Test B - Red Light On, Yellow Light Off & Does Self-Check
- Test C - Yellow & Red Lights On Steady
- Test D - Yellow Light On, Red Light Off
- Test E - Yellow Light Flashing & Red Light Off
- Test F - Lights Okay & Rear Wheels Lock-Up
- Test G - Yellow Light Self-Checks, Red Light Does Not Self-Check
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagrams
- Anti-Lock
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Drivelines & Axles
- Differentials & Drive Axles
- Differential - SPICER (DANA) Power-LOK
- Differential - Traction-LOK (7.5" & 8.75")
- Drive Axle - 7.5"
- Drive Axle - Front (DANA Ifs)
- Identification
- Description
- Trouble Shooting
- Removal & Installation
- Overhaul
- Torque Specifications
- Drive Axle Ratio Identification
- Driveshaft & Universal Joints
- Locking Hubs
- Description
- Operation
- Automatic Locking Hubs Adjustments
- Manual Locking Hubs R & I
- Removal & Installation
- Transfer Cases Borg-WARNER 1350 & 1356
- Torque Specifications
- Differentials & Drive Axles
- Electrical
- Charging Systems
- Component Locations
- Fuses & Circuit Breakers
- Gauges
- Instrument Panel - Standard
- Description & Operation
- Oil Pressure Indicator Light Testing
- Low Oil Level Warning Light Testing
- Charge Indicator Light Testing
- Shift Indicator Light Testing
- 4WD Indicator Testing
- Anti-Lock Brake Indicator Testing
- Ammeter Testing
- Voltmeter Testing
- Fuel Level Gauge Testing
- Oil Pressure Gauge Testing
- Temperature Gauge Testing
- Tachometer Testing Note
- Tachometer Testing
- Instrument Voltage Regulator (IVR) R & I
- Instrument Cluster R & I Note
- Instrument Cluster R & I
- Instrument Panel - Standard
- Wiring Diagrams
- Engine Mechanical
- Accessory Drive Belts
- Cooling System (Mechanical)
- Mechanical
- 2.9L V6 - VIN [T]
- Engine Identification
- Adjustments
- Removal & Installation
- Engine
- Fuel Pressure Release
- Manifolds & Cylinder Head
- Intake Manifold
- Exhaust Manifold
- Cylinder Head
- Valves
- Valve Cover & Rocker Arm Shaft Assembly
- Valve Springs
- Valve Guides
- Engine Front Cover
- Front Cover Oil Seal
- Timing Chain & Sprockets
- Camshaft
- Camshaft Lobe Lift
- Camshaft Bearings
- Rear Bearing Core Plug
- Cylinder Block
- Oil Pan
- Piston & Rod Assembly
- Fitting Pistons
- Fitting Rings
- Piston Pin Replacement
- Connecting Rod Bearings
- Main Bearings
- Thrust Bearing Alignment
- Rear Main Bearing Oil Seal
- Water Pump
- Cooling System Purge
- Lubrication
- Torque Specifications
- Engine Specifications
- Engine Oil Pan Removal
- Engine Removal
- 2.9L V6 - VIN [T]
- Engine Performance
- Engine Controls - Adjustments
- Application
- Emissions
- Base Ignition Timing Specifications
- Calibration Labels
- Emission Applications
- Emission Control Abbreviations
- State Emission Standards - Diesel
- State Emission Standards - Gas
- ALASKA
- ARIZONA
- CALIFORNIA
- Colorado
- CONNECTICUT
- DELAWARE
- District Of COLUMBIA
- GEORGIA
- IDAHO
- ILLINOIS
- INDIANA
- KENTUCKY
- MARYLAND
- MASSACHUSETTS
- MISSOURI
- NEVADA
- New Jersey
- New MEXICO
- New YORK
- North CAROLINA
- OHIO
- OREGON
- PENNSYLVANIA
- RHODE Island
- TENNESSEE
- TEXAS
- UTAH
- VIRGINIA
- WASHINGTON
- WISCONSIN
- U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
- U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
- U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
- Engine Controls - Pin Voltage Charts
- Introduction
- ECA Connectors
- EEC-IV Inputs Resistance Values
- EEC-IV Outputs Resistance Values
- 2.3L PFI Ranger - Test Pin Voltage Values
- 2.9L PFI Bronco II & Ranger - Pin Voltage Values
- 3.0L PFI AEROSTAR - Pin Voltage Values
- 4.0L PFI AEROSTAR, Bronco II & Ranger - Pin Voltages
- 4.9L PFI Bronco, "E" & "F" Series - Pin Voltage Values
- 5.0L PFI Bronco, "E" & "F" Series - Pin Voltage Values
- 5.8L PFI Bronco, "E" & "F" Series - Pin Voltage Values
- 7.5L PFI "E" & "F" Series - Pin Voltage Values
- 7.3L Diesel "E" & "F" Series - Pin Voltage Values
- Remove, Overhaul & Install
- Sensor Range Charts
- Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts
- Introduction
- Act Sensor Resistance & Voltage Values
- ECT Sensor Resistance & Voltage Values
- EGR Valve Position (EVP) Sensor Voltage Values
- Fuel Injection Pump Lever (FIPL) Sensor Voltage Values
- Mass Airflow (Ma) Sensor Voltage Values
- Map Sensor Pressure Specifications
- Map Sensor Vacuum Specifications
- Manual Lever Position Sensor Resistances & Voltages
- Pressure Feedback EGR (PFE) Sensor Voltage Values
- Oxygen Sensor Voltage Values
- Tot Sensor Resistances & Voltages
- Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Voltage Values
- Vane Air Temperature Sensor Resistances & Voltages
- Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts
- Specifications
- System
- EGR Function Testing
- Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
- Introduction
- Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
- Fuel System Preliminary Checks
- Fuel Pressure Check
- Thick Film Ignition IV (TFI) Ignition System Checks
- Dis Ignition System Check - No Start (2.3L)
- DISTRIBUTORLESS Ignition System (Dis) - No Start Check (2.3L)
- Test 1, Check ECA For Fault Codes
- Test 2, Check For Spark During Crank
- Test 3, Check Dis Module Pip Out
- Test 4, Check Pip Out Continuity
- Test 5, Determine Missing Spark Combination
- Test 6, Check Plugs & Wires
- Test 7, Check Dis Module VBAT
- Test 8, Check Dis Module Ignition Ground
- Test 9, Check Dis Module Mounting Screws
- Test 10, Check Right Coil Pack Circuits
- Test 11, Right Coil Pack Fault, Isolate Dis Module
- Test 12, Check Right Coil Pack VBAT
- Test 13, Check Right Coil Circuit
- Test 14, Check Pip D At Dis Module
- Test 15, Check Dis Module Coil Drivers
- Test 16, Check Right Coil Pack VBAT
- Test 17, Check Right Coil Circuit
- Test 18, Check Right Coil Circuit
- Test 19, Isolate Dis Module From Pip D
- Test 20, Check Crankshaft Sensor VBAT
- Test 21, Check Crankshaft Sensor Ignition Ground
- Test 22, Check Crankshaft Sensor Pip S
- Test 23, Check Pip Circuit For Short To Ground
- Test 24, Check Pip Circuit For Short To VBAT
- Test 25, Check Crankshaft Vane
- Test 26, Isolate EEC-IV Processor (ECA) From Pip Circuit
- Test 27, Check Pip EEC Circuit For Short To VBAT
- Test 28, Check Pip EEC Circuit For Short To Ground
- DISTRIBUTORLESS Ignition System (Dis) - No Start (4.0L)
- Notes
- Test 1, Check ECA For Fault Codes
- Test 2, Check For Spark During Crank
- Test 3, Check Pip At EDIS Module
- Test 4, Check Pip Continuity To EEC
- Test 5, Check IGND At EDIS
- Test 6, Check IGND Continuity To EEC
- Test 7, Check Pip At EDIS Module/Isolate EEC
- Test 8, Check Pip Circuit For Short To Ground
- Test 9, Check Pip Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 10, Determine Missing Spark Pattern
- Test 11, Check Plugs & Wires
- Test 12, Check VBAT C At Coil
- Test 13, Check Coil For Failure
- Test 14, Check GND Continuity To EDIS Module
- Test 15, Check GND In EDIS Module
- Test 16, Check VBAT E At EDIS Module
- Test 17, Check VRS Amplitude At EDIS Module
- Test 18, Check VRS Bias At EDIS Module
- Test 19, Check VRS Cranking Voltage At EDIS
- Test 20, Check VRS Cranking Voltage At Sensor
- Test 21, Check VR Sensor & Crankshaft Wheel
- Test 22, Check VRS+ Circuit For Open
- Test 23, Check VRS- Circuit For Open
- Test 24, Check VRS Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 25, Check VRS- Circuit For Short To Ground
- Test 26, Check VRS+ Circuit For Short To Ground
- Test 27, Check VRS+ Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 28, Check VRS Bias At EDIS Module
- Test 29, Check VRS+ Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 30, Check VRS+ Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 31, Check VRS- Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 32, Check VRS- Circuit For Short To Ground
- Ignition Coil Resistance
- Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
- Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Adjustment
- Summary
- Engine Controls - System/Component Tests
- Introduction
- Computerized Engine Controls
- Engine Sensors & Switches
- Air Charge Temperature (Act) Sensor
- Barometric Pressure Sensor
- Clutch Switch
- Crankshaft Position Sensor (Cps)
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- EGR Valve Position (EVP) Sensor
- Heated Gas Oxygen (HEGO) Sensor
- Inertia Switch
- Knock Sensor (Bronco II & Ranger 2.9L)
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor
- Mass Airflow (Ma) Sensor
- Neutral Drive Switch (NDS) & Clutch Switch
- Power Steering Pressure Switch (PSPS)
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Vane Air(Flow) Temperature (Vat) Sensor
- Vane Airflow Meter
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Relay Checks
- Solenoid Checks
- Module Checks
- Fuel System Checks
- Fuel Control Checks
- Idle Control System
- Ignition System
- Air Injection Systems
- Air Supply Pump
- Air Silencer/Filter (Air Pump And Pulse Air Inlet)
- Air By-Pass Valve (Normally Closed)
- Air Check Valve
- Air Supply Control Valve
- Air Control Valve (Switch-Relief)
- Air Pump Resonator
- Combination Air By-Pass/Air Control Valve
- Dual THERMACTOR Air Control Solenoid Valve
- Electrical Vacuum Control Valve
- Pulse Air Valve
- Solenoid Vacuum Valve Assembly
- THERMACTOR Idle Vacuum (TIV) Valve
- Vacuum Control Valve (VCV)
- Vacuum Check Valve
- Vacuum Reservoir
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Systems
- Fuel Evaporation Systems
- PCV Valve
- Thermostatic Air Cleaner
- Engine Controls - Tests W/Codes
- Introduction
- Quick Test
- Overview
- Step 1.0 Visual Check
- Step 2.0 Vehicle Prep & Equipment Hookup
- Step 3.0 Perform KOEO Self-Test
- Step 3.1 Check For Continuous Codes 45, 46 Or 48
- Step 4.0 Computed Timing Check
- Step 5.0 Perform Engine Running (KOER) Self-Test
- Step 6.0 KOEO Code-To-Test Chart
- Step 7.0 KOER Code-To-Test Chart
- Step 8.0 Continuous Code-To-Test Chart
- Step 9.0 Diagnosis By Symptom
- Code Definition Tables
- Clearing Codes Or KAM Memory
- EEC-IV Functional Tests
- EEC-IV Backup Strategies & Effect On Mil Light
- Sensor/Actuator Resistance & Voltage Specifications
- Acronym/Definition Glossary
- Starting With Number
- Starting With Letter "A"
- Starting With Letter "B"
- Starting With Letter "C"
- Starting With Letter "D"
- Starting With Letter "E"
- Starting With Letter "F"
- Starting With Letter "G"
- Starting With Letter "H"
- Starting With Letter "I"
- Starting With Letter "K"
- Starting With Letter "L"
- Starting With Letter "M"
- Starting With Letter "N"
- Starting With Letter "O"
- Starting With Letter "P"
- Starting With Letter "Q"
- Starting With Letter "R"
- Starting With Letter "S"
- Starting With Letter "T"
- Starting With Letter "V"
- Starting With Letter "W"
- General Pinpoint Test Notes
- Test A - No Start (Non-EDIS Ignition)
- Test Aa - No Start (EDIS Ignition Only)
- Test B - Vehicle Battery
- Test C - Reference Voltage
- Test DA - Temperature Sensor Test (Act, ECT & Vat)
- Test Dc - Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor
- Test DF - Map/BP Sensors
- Test Dg - Knock Sensor (KS)
- Test DH - Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Test DH - Introduction
- Test DH: Step 1
- Test DH: Step 2
- Test DH: Step 3
- Test DH: Step 4
- Test DH: Step 6
- Test DH: Step 10
- Test DH: Step 11
- Test DH: Step 12
- Test DH: Step 14
- Test DH: Step 20
- Test DH: Step 21
- Test DH: Step 90
- Test DH: Step 91
- Test DH: Step 92
- Test DH: Step 93
- Test DH: Step 94
- Test DH: Step 95
- Test DH: Step 96
- Test DJ - Engine Rpm Sensor (7.3L Diesel)
- Test DN EVP Sensor & EVR Solenoid
- Test DN - Introduction
- Test DN: Step 1
- Test DN: Step 2
- Test DN: Step 3
- Test DN: Step 4
- Test DN: Step 5
- Test DN: Step 6
- Test DN: Step 7
- Test DN: Step 10
- Test DN: Step 11
- Test DN: Step 12
- Test DN: Step 13
- Test DN: Step 20
- Test DN: Step 21
- Test DN: Step 22
- Test DN: Step 25
- Test DN: Step 26
- Test DN: Step 40
- Test DN: Step 42
- Test DN: Step 43
- Test DN: Step 44
- Test DN: Step 45)
- Test DN: Step 50
- Test DN: Step 51
- Test DN: Step 90
- Test DN: Step 91
- Test DN: Step 92
- Test DN: Step 93
- Test DN: Step 94
- Test DN: Step 95
- Test DN: Step 96
- Test DN: Step 98
- Test DN: Step 99
- Test DP - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Test DQ - FIPL Sensor (7.3L Diesel)
- Test Fa - Neutral Drive Switch (NDS) A/C Input
- Test Fa - Introduction
- Test Fa: Step 1
- Test Fa: Step 2
- Test Fa: Step 3
- Test Fa: Step 4
- Test Fa: Step 5
- Test Fa: Step 6
- Test Fa: Step 7
- Test Fa: Step 8
- Test Fa: Step 9
- Test Fa: Step 10
- Test Fa: Step 11
- Test Fa: Step 13
- Test Fa: Step 14
- Test Fa: Step 15
- Test Fa: Step 16
- Test Fa: Step 17
- Test Fa: Step 18
- Test Fa: Step 20
- Test FD - Brake On/Off (Boo) Switch
- Test Ff - Power Steering Pressure Switch (PSPS)
- Test H - Fuel Control
- Test H - Introduction
- Test H: Step 1
- Test H: Step 2
- Test H: Step 3
- Test H: Step 4
- Test H: Step 5
- Test H: Step 6
- Test H: Step 7
- Test H: Step 8
- Test H: Step 9
- Test H: Step 11
- Test H: Step 12
- Test H: Step 14
- Test H: Step 15
- Test H: Step 16
- Test H: Step 17
- Test H: Step 18
- Test H: Step 20
- Test H: Step 21
- Test H: Step 22
- Test H: Step 23
- Test H: Step 24
- Test H: Step 25
- Test H: Step 26
- Test H: Step 27
- Test H: Step 28
- Test H: Step 29
- Test H: Step 30
- Code 41
- Code 42
- Code 43
- Code 65
- Code 85
- Code 86
- Test J - Fuel Pump Circuit
- Test J - Introduction
- Test J: Step 1
- Test J: Step 2
- Test J: Step 5
- Test J: Step 6
- Test J: Step 7
- Test J: Step 8
- Test J: Step 9
- Test J: Step 10
- Test J: Step 11
- Test J: Step 20
- Test J: Step 21
- Test J: Step 22
- Test J: Step 23
- Test J: Step 24
- Test J: Step 25
- Test J: Step 26
- Test J: Step 30
- Test J: Step 31
- Test J: Step 32
- Test J: Step 90
- Test J: Step 91
- Test J: Step 92
- Test J: Step 93
- Test J: Step 94
- Test J: Step 95
- Test Kc - Air Management System (Am1/Am2)
- Test KD - Canister Purge (CANP)
- Test KE - Idle Speed Control (Bypass Air)
- Test KE - Introduction
- Test KE: Step 1
- Test KE: Step 2
- Test KE: Step 3
- Test KE: Step 4
- Test KE: Step 5
- Test KE: Step 6
- Test KE: Step 7
- Test KE: Step 8
- Test KE: Step 9
- Test KE: Step 10
- Test KE: Step 11
- Test Step 12
- Test KE: Step 15
- Test KE: Step 16
- Test KE: Step 17
- Test KE: Step 18
- Test KE: Step 19
- Test KE: Step 20
- Test KE: Step 21
- Test KE: Step 22
- Test KE: Step 25
- Test KE: Step 26
- Test Km - WAC & A/C Demand Switch
- Test Km - Introduction
- Test Km: Step 1
- Test Km: Step 2
- Test Km: Step 3
- Test Km: Step 4
- Test Km: Step 5
- Test Km: Step 6
- Test Km: Step 7
- Test Km: Step 8
- Test Km: Step 9
- Test Km: Step 15
- Test Km: Step 16
- Test Km: Step 17
- Test Km: Step 18
- Test Km: Step 19
- Test Km: Step 20
- Test Km: Step 22
- Test Km: Step 23
- Test Km: Step 24
- Test Km: Step 30
- Test Km: Step 31
- Test Km: Step 35
- Test KP - Octane Adjust
- Test M - Dynamic Response Test
- Test Ml - Check Engine/Malfunction Light
- Test N - Ignition/Erratic Diagnostic Monitor (IDM)
- Engine Controls - Tests W/Codes
- Test P - Spark Timing Check
- Test QA - No Codes/Codes Not Listed
- Test QB - KOEO Or Continuous Memory Service Code 15
- Test QC - Output State Check Not Functioning
- Test QD - Re-Initialization Check
- Test S - System Check
- Test Tb - A4LD Transmission
- Test TC - E4OD Transmission
- Test TC - Introduction
- Test TC: Step 1
- Test TC: Step 2
- Test TC: Step 3
- Test TC: Step 4
- Test TC: Step 10
- Test TC: Step 11
- Test TC: Step 12
- Test TC: Step 13
- Test TC: Step 14
- Test TC: Step 15
- Test TC: Step 16
- Test TC: Step 17
- Test TC: Step 18
- Test TC: Step 19
- Test TC: Step 20
- Test TC: Step 21
- Test TC: Step 22
- Test TC: Step 23
- Test TC: Step 24
- Test TC: Step 25
- Test TC: Step 30
- Test TC: Step 31
- Test TC: Step 32
- Test TC: Step 33
- Test TC: Step 40
- Test TC: Step 41
- Test TC: Step 50
- Test TC: Step 51
- Test TC: Step 52
- Test TC: Step 90
- Test TC: Step 91
- Test TC: Step 92
- Test TC: Step 93
- Test TC: Step 94
- Test TC: Step 95
- Test TC: Step 96
- Test TC: Step 97
- Test X - Integral Relay Control Module (IRCM)
- Engine Controls - Tests W/O Codes
- Introduction
- DRIVEABILITY Symptom Check Procedures
- Symptom-To-Routine Menu
- Intermittent Problem Diagnosis
- Intermittent Test Procedures
- Routine 200 - No Crank & No Start
- Routine 201 - Cranks Normally But Won't Start
- Routine 202 - Cranks Normally But Won't Run (Stalls)
- ROUTINE 203 - Cranks NORMALLY BUT SLOW TO START
- Routine 204 - Rough Idle
- Routine 205 - Misses Under Load
- Routine 206 - Low Idle (Stalls On DECEL Or Quick Stop)
- Routine 207 - Hesitates Or Stalls On Acceleration
- Routine 208 - Backfire (Intake Or Exhaust)
- Routine 209 - Lack Of Power
- Routine 210 - Surges At Steady Speed
- Routine 212 - Engine Noise
- Routine 213 - Poor Fuel Economy
- Routine 214 - High Oil Consumption
- Routine 215 - Spark Knock (Pings)
- ROUTINE 216 - ENGINE VIBRATES AT NORMAL OR HIGH Speed
- Routine 217 - Engine Runs Cold
- Routine 218 - Engine Runs Hot
- ROUTINE 219 - Exhaust SMOKE
- Routine 220 - Gas Smell
- Routine 221 - "Check Eng/SERV Soon" Always/Never On
- Routine 222 - State Emission Test Failure
- ROUTINE 223 - IMPROPER Shift
- Routine 224 - SIL & Audible Chimes "On"
- Glow Plug Testing
- 1.9L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 2.3L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 2.5L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 3.0L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 3.8L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 5.0L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- Testing & Diagnosis
- EGR Function Testing
- Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
- Introduction
- Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
- Fuel System Preliminary Checks
- Fuel Pressure Check
- Thick Film Ignition IV (TFI) Ignition System Checks
- Dis Ignition System Check - No Start (2.3L)
- DISTRIBUTORLESS Ignition System (Dis) - No Start Check (2.3L)
- Test 1, Check ECA For Fault Codes
- Test 2, Check For Spark During Crank
- Test 3, Check Dis Module Pip Out
- Test 4, Check Pip Out Continuity
- Test 5, Determine Missing Spark Combination
- Test 6, Check Plugs & Wires
- Test 7, Check Dis Module VBAT
- Test 8, Check Dis Module Ignition Ground
- Test 9, Check Dis Module Mounting Screws
- Test 10, Check Right Coil Pack Circuits
- Test 11, Right Coil Pack Fault, Isolate Dis Module
- Test 12, Check Right Coil Pack VBAT
- Test 13, Check Right Coil Circuit
- Test 14, Check Pip D At Dis Module
- Test 15, Check Dis Module Coil Drivers
- Test 16, Check Right Coil Pack VBAT
- Test 17, Check Right Coil Circuit
- Test 18, Check Right Coil Circuit
- Test 19, Isolate Dis Module From Pip D
- Test 20, Check Crankshaft Sensor VBAT
- Test 21, Check Crankshaft Sensor Ignition Ground
- Test 22, Check Crankshaft Sensor Pip S
- Test 23, Check Pip Circuit For Short To Ground
- Test 24, Check Pip Circuit For Short To VBAT
- Test 25, Check Crankshaft Vane
- Test 26, Isolate EEC-IV Processor (ECA) From Pip Circuit
- Test 27, Check Pip EEC Circuit For Short To VBAT
- Test 28, Check Pip EEC Circuit For Short To Ground
- DISTRIBUTORLESS Ignition System (Dis) - No Start (4.0L)
- Notes
- Test 1, Check ECA For Fault Codes
- Test 2, Check For Spark During Crank
- Test 3, Check Pip At EDIS Module
- Test 4, Check Pip Continuity To EEC
- Test 5, Check IGND At EDIS
- Test 6, Check IGND Continuity To EEC
- Test 7, Check Pip At EDIS Module/Isolate EEC
- Test 8, Check Pip Circuit For Short To Ground
- Test 9, Check Pip Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 10, Determine Missing Spark Pattern
- Test 11, Check Plugs & Wires
- Test 12, Check VBAT C At Coil
- Test 13, Check Coil For Failure
- Test 14, Check GND Continuity To EDIS Module
- Test 15, Check GND In EDIS Module
- Test 16, Check VBAT E At EDIS Module
- Test 17, Check VRS Amplitude At EDIS Module
- Test 18, Check VRS Bias At EDIS Module
- Test 19, Check VRS Cranking Voltage At EDIS
- Test 20, Check VRS Cranking Voltage At Sensor
- Test 21, Check VR Sensor & Crankshaft Wheel
- Test 22, Check VRS+ Circuit For Open
- Test 23, Check VRS- Circuit For Open
- Test 24, Check VRS Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 25, Check VRS- Circuit For Short To Ground
- Test 26, Check VRS+ Circuit For Short To Ground
- Test 27, Check VRS+ Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 28, Check VRS Bias At EDIS Module
- Test 29, Check VRS+ Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 30, Check VRS+ Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 31, Check VRS- Circuit For Short To Power
- Test 32, Check VRS- Circuit For Short To Ground
- Ignition Coil Resistance
- Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
- Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Adjustment
- Summary
- Engine Controls - System/Component Tests
- Introduction
- Computerized Engine Controls
- Engine Sensors & Switches
- Air Charge Temperature (Act) Sensor
- Barometric Pressure Sensor
- Clutch Switch
- Crankshaft Position Sensor (Cps)
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- EGR Valve Position (EVP) Sensor
- Heated Gas Oxygen (HEGO) Sensor
- Inertia Switch
- Knock Sensor (Bronco II & Ranger 2.9L)
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensor
- Mass Airflow (Ma) Sensor
- Neutral Drive Switch (NDS) & Clutch Switch
- Power Steering Pressure Switch (PSPS)
- Throttle Position Sensor
- Vane Air(Flow) Temperature (Vat) Sensor
- Vane Airflow Meter
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Relay Checks
- Solenoid Checks
- Module Checks
- Fuel System Checks
- Fuel Control Checks
- Idle Control System
- Ignition System
- Air Injection Systems
- Air Supply Pump
- Air Silencer/Filter (Air Pump And Pulse Air Inlet)
- Air By-Pass Valve (Normally Closed)
- Air Check Valve
- Air Supply Control Valve
- Air Control Valve (Switch-Relief)
- Air Pump Resonator
- Combination Air By-Pass/Air Control Valve
- Dual THERMACTOR Air Control Solenoid Valve
- Electrical Vacuum Control Valve
- Pulse Air Valve
- Solenoid Vacuum Valve Assembly
- THERMACTOR Idle Vacuum (TIV) Valve
- Vacuum Control Valve (VCV)
- Vacuum Check Valve
- Vacuum Reservoir
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Systems
- Fuel Evaporation Systems
- PCV Valve
- Thermostatic Air Cleaner
- Engine Controls - Tests W/Codes
- Introduction
- Quick Test
- Overview
- Step 1.0 Visual Check
- Step 2.0 Vehicle Prep & Equipment Hookup
- Step 3.0 Perform KOEO Self-Test
- Step 3.1 Check For Continuous Codes 45, 46 Or 48
- Step 4.0 Computed Timing Check
- Step 5.0 Perform Engine Running (KOER) Self-Test
- Step 6.0 KOEO Code-To-Test Chart
- Step 7.0 KOER Code-To-Test Chart
- Step 8.0 Continuous Code-To-Test Chart
- Step 9.0 Diagnosis By Symptom
- Code Definition Tables
- Clearing Codes Or KAM Memory
- EEC-IV Functional Tests
- EEC-IV Backup Strategies & Effect On Mil Light
- Sensor/Actuator Resistance & Voltage Specifications
- Acronym/Definition Glossary
- Starting With Number
- Starting With Letter "A"
- Starting With Letter "B"
- Starting With Letter "C"
- Starting With Letter "D"
- Starting With Letter "E"
- Starting With Letter "F"
- Starting With Letter "G"
- Starting With Letter "H"
- Starting With Letter "I"
- Starting With Letter "K"
- Starting With Letter "L"
- Starting With Letter "M"
- Starting With Letter "N"
- Starting With Letter "O"
- Starting With Letter "P"
- Starting With Letter "Q"
- Starting With Letter "R"
- Starting With Letter "S"
- Starting With Letter "T"
- Starting With Letter "V"
- Starting With Letter "W"
- General Pinpoint Test Notes
- Test A - No Start (Non-EDIS Ignition)
- Test Aa - No Start (EDIS Ignition Only)
- Test B - Vehicle Battery
- Test C - Reference Voltage
- Test DA - Temperature Sensor Test (Act, ECT & Vat)
- Test Dc - Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor
- Test DF - Map/BP Sensors
- Test Dg - Knock Sensor (KS)
- Test DH - Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Test DH - Introduction
- Test DH: Step 1
- Test DH: Step 2
- Test DH: Step 3
- Test DH: Step 4
- Test DH: Step 6
- Test DH: Step 10
- Test DH: Step 11
- Test DH: Step 12
- Test DH: Step 14
- Test DH: Step 20
- Test DH: Step 21
- Test DH: Step 90
- Test DH: Step 91
- Test DH: Step 92
- Test DH: Step 93
- Test DH: Step 94
- Test DH: Step 95
- Test DH: Step 96
- Test DJ - Engine Rpm Sensor (7.3L Diesel)
- Test DN EVP Sensor & EVR Solenoid
- Test DN - Introduction
- Test DN: Step 1
- Test DN: Step 2
- Test DN: Step 3
- Test DN: Step 4
- Test DN: Step 5
- Test DN: Step 6
- Test DN: Step 7
- Test DN: Step 10
- Test DN: Step 11
- Test DN: Step 12
- Test DN: Step 13
- Test DN: Step 20
- Test DN: Step 21
- Test DN: Step 22
- Test DN: Step 25
- Test DN: Step 26
- Test DN: Step 40
- Test DN: Step 42
- Test DN: Step 43
- Test DN: Step 44
- Test DN: Step 45)
- Test DN: Step 50
- Test DN: Step 51
- Test DN: Step 90
- Test DN: Step 91
- Test DN: Step 92
- Test DN: Step 93
- Test DN: Step 94
- Test DN: Step 95
- Test DN: Step 96
- Test DN: Step 98
- Test DN: Step 99
- Test DP - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Test DQ - FIPL Sensor (7.3L Diesel)
- Test Fa - Neutral Drive Switch (NDS) A/C Input
- Test Fa - Introduction
- Test Fa: Step 1
- Test Fa: Step 2
- Test Fa: Step 3
- Test Fa: Step 4
- Test Fa: Step 5
- Test Fa: Step 6
- Test Fa: Step 7
- Test Fa: Step 8
- Test Fa: Step 9
- Test Fa: Step 10
- Test Fa: Step 11
- Test Fa: Step 13
- Test Fa: Step 14
- Test Fa: Step 15
- Test Fa: Step 16
- Test Fa: Step 17
- Test Fa: Step 18
- Test Fa: Step 20
- Test FD - Brake On/Off (Boo) Switch
- Test Ff - Power Steering Pressure Switch (PSPS)
- Test H - Fuel Control
- Test H - Introduction
- Test H: Step 1
- Test H: Step 2
- Test H: Step 3
- Test H: Step 4
- Test H: Step 5
- Test H: Step 6
- Test H: Step 7
- Test H: Step 8
- Test H: Step 9
- Test H: Step 11
- Test H: Step 12
- Test H: Step 14
- Test H: Step 15
- Test H: Step 16
- Test H: Step 17
- Test H: Step 18
- Test H: Step 20
- Test H: Step 21
- Test H: Step 22
- Test H: Step 23
- Test H: Step 24
- Test H: Step 25
- Test H: Step 26
- Test H: Step 27
- Test H: Step 28
- Test H: Step 29
- Test H: Step 30
- Code 41
- Code 42
- Code 43
- Code 65
- Code 85
- Code 86
- Test J - Fuel Pump Circuit
- Test J - Introduction
- Test J: Step 1
- Test J: Step 2
- Test J: Step 5
- Test J: Step 6
- Test J: Step 7
- Test J: Step 8
- Test J: Step 9
- Test J: Step 10
- Test J: Step 11
- Test J: Step 20
- Test J: Step 21
- Test J: Step 22
- Test J: Step 23
- Test J: Step 24
- Test J: Step 25
- Test J: Step 26
- Test J: Step 30
- Test J: Step 31
- Test J: Step 32
- Test J: Step 90
- Test J: Step 91
- Test J: Step 92
- Test J: Step 93
- Test J: Step 94
- Test J: Step 95
- Test Kc - Air Management System (Am1/Am2)
- Test KD - Canister Purge (CANP)
- Test KE - Idle Speed Control (Bypass Air)
- Test KE - Introduction
- Test KE: Step 1
- Test KE: Step 2
- Test KE: Step 3
- Test KE: Step 4
- Test KE: Step 5
- Test KE: Step 6
- Test KE: Step 7
- Test KE: Step 8
- Test KE: Step 9
- Test KE: Step 10
- Test KE: Step 11
- Test Step 12
- Test KE: Step 15
- Test KE: Step 16
- Test KE: Step 17
- Test KE: Step 18
- Test KE: Step 19
- Test KE: Step 20
- Test KE: Step 21
- Test KE: Step 22
- Test KE: Step 25
- Test KE: Step 26
- Test Km - WAC & A/C Demand Switch
- Test Km - Introduction
- Test Km: Step 1
- Test Km: Step 2
- Test Km: Step 3
- Test Km: Step 4
- Test Km: Step 5
- Test Km: Step 6
- Test Km: Step 7
- Test Km: Step 8
- Test Km: Step 9
- Test Km: Step 15
- Test Km: Step 16
- Test Km: Step 17
- Test Km: Step 18
- Test Km: Step 19
- Test Km: Step 20
- Test Km: Step 22
- Test Km: Step 23
- Test Km: Step 24
- Test Km: Step 30
- Test Km: Step 31
- Test Km: Step 35
- Test KP - Octane Adjust
- Test M - Dynamic Response Test
- Test Ml - Check Engine/Malfunction Light
- Test N - Ignition/Erratic Diagnostic Monitor (IDM)
- Engine Controls - Tests W/Codes
- Test P - Spark Timing Check
- Test QA - No Codes/Codes Not Listed
- Test QB - KOEO Or Continuous Memory Service Code 15
- Test QC - Output State Check Not Functioning
- Test QD - Re-Initialization Check
- Test S - System Check
- Test Tb - A4LD Transmission
- Test TC - E4OD Transmission
- Test TC - Introduction
- Test TC: Step 1
- Test TC: Step 2
- Test TC: Step 3
- Test TC: Step 4
- Test TC: Step 10
- Test TC: Step 11
- Test TC: Step 12
- Test TC: Step 13
- Test TC: Step 14
- Test TC: Step 15
- Test TC: Step 16
- Test TC: Step 17
- Test TC: Step 18
- Test TC: Step 19
- Test TC: Step 20
- Test TC: Step 21
- Test TC: Step 22
- Test TC: Step 23
- Test TC: Step 24
- Test TC: Step 25
- Test TC: Step 30
- Test TC: Step 31
- Test TC: Step 32
- Test TC: Step 33
- Test TC: Step 40
- Test TC: Step 41
- Test TC: Step 50
- Test TC: Step 51
- Test TC: Step 52
- Test TC: Step 90
- Test TC: Step 91
- Test TC: Step 92
- Test TC: Step 93
- Test TC: Step 94
- Test TC: Step 95
- Test TC: Step 96
- Test TC: Step 97
- Test X - Integral Relay Control Module (IRCM)
- Engine Controls - Tests W/O Codes
- Introduction
- DRIVEABILITY Symptom Check Procedures
- Symptom-To-Routine Menu
- Intermittent Problem Diagnosis
- Intermittent Test Procedures
- Routine 200 - No Crank & No Start
- Routine 201 - Cranks Normally But Won't Start
- Routine 202 - Cranks Normally But Won't Run (Stalls)
- ROUTINE 203 - Cranks NORMALLY BUT SLOW TO START
- Routine 204 - Rough Idle
- Routine 205 - Misses Under Load
- Routine 206 - Low Idle (Stalls On DECEL Or Quick Stop)
- Routine 207 - Hesitates Or Stalls On Acceleration
- Routine 208 - Backfire (Intake Or Exhaust)
- Routine 209 - Lack Of Power
- Routine 210 - Surges At Steady Speed
- Routine 212 - Engine Noise
- Routine 213 - Poor Fuel Economy
- Routine 214 - High Oil Consumption
- Routine 215 - Spark Knock (Pings)
- ROUTINE 216 - ENGINE VIBRATES AT NORMAL OR HIGH Speed
- Routine 217 - Engine Runs Cold
- Routine 218 - Engine Runs Hot
- ROUTINE 219 - Exhaust SMOKE
- Routine 220 - Gas Smell
- Routine 221 - "Check Eng/SERV Soon" Always/Never On
- Routine 222 - State Emission Test Failure
- ROUTINE 223 - IMPROPER Shift
- Routine 224 - SIL & Audible Chimes "On"
- Glow Plug Testing
- 1.9L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 2.3L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 2.5L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 3.0L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 3.8L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- 5.0L Symptom-To-Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu
- Theory and Operation
- Engine Controls - Theory & Operation
- Introduction
- Electronic Control Assembly (ECA) Operation
- Input Devices Operation
- Notes
- A/C Compressor Clutch Signal
- Air Charge Temperature (Act) Sensor
- Barometric Pressure (BP) Sensor
- Brake On-Off (Boo) Switch
- Clutch Engage Switch
- Coolant Temperature Sensor
- Crankshaft Sensor (2.3L Dis)
- EGR Pressure Feedback Electronic (PFE) Transducer
- EGR Valve Position (EVP) Sensor
- Electrical Load Control Unit (ELCU)
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Switch
- Exhaust Gas Oxygen (Ego) Sensor
- Idle Switch
- Idle Air Bypass Valve
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map)
- Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor
- Neutral Gear Switch (NGS)
- Neutral Safety Switch (NSS)
- Power Steering (P/S) Pressure Switch
- Pressure Feedback Electronic (PFE) EGR Valve
- Profile Ignition Pick-Up (Pip)
- Self-Test Output/Self-Test Input (STO/STI) Connectors
- Throttle Position Sensor (TPS)
- Vane Airflow Meter (VAF)
- Vane Air Temperature (Vat) Sensor
- Variable Reluctance Sensor (VRS)
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Output Signals Operation
- Fuel Delivery System
- Fuel Control Systems
- Idle Speed Control Operation
- Ignition Systems
- Emission Systems
- Air Injection Systems
- Notes
- Pulse Air Valve System
- THERMACTOR Air System
- Anti-Backfire (Gulp) Valve
- Air By-Pass Valve
- Air Check Valve & Pulse Air Valve
- Air Pump
- Air Silencer/Filter
- Air Supply Control Valves
- Check Valves
- Combination Air By-Pass & Air Control Valve
- Dual THERMACTOR Air Control Solenoid Valve
- THERMACTOR Idle Vacuum (TIV) Valve
- EGR Systems
- Evaporative Emission Control
- Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
- Thermostatic Air Cleaner
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Engine Controls - Theory & Operation
- Vacuum Diagrams
- Wiring Diagrams
- General Information
- Abbreviations
- Basic Trouble Shooting
- Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
- Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
- Emission Control Abbreviations
- Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
- Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
- Map - Brake Systems
- Brake Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Accelerometers
- Accumulators
- Anchor Pins
- Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
- Anti-Lock Brake Controller
- Anti-Lock Brake Systems
- Axle Seal
- Backing Plates
- Bleeder Screw
- Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
- Brake Fluid
- Brake Friction Material
- Brake On - Off Switch
- Brake Pads
- Brake Pedals
- Brake Shoe Hardware
- Brake Shoes
- Brake Stoplight Switches
- Brake Warning Light (Amber)
- Brake Warning Light (Red)
- Bulb Sockets
- Bulbs And LEDS
- Caliper Hardware
- Caliper Mounting Pin
- Caliper Piston
- Caliper Shim
- Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
- Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
- Calipers
- Combination Valve
- Controllers
- Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
- Disable Switches
- Drums
- Electrical Brake Pumps
- Electrical Park Motor
- Electrical Pumps And Motors
- Electro-Magnetic Interference
- Electronic Brake Control Modulator
- Electronic Brake Distribution
- Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
- Electronic Controllers
- Electronic Traction Control
- External Brake Cable
- Flow Control Valve
- Fluid Level Sensor Switches
- Fluid
- Four Wheel Drive Switches
- Friction Material
- G Sensors
- Gaskets
- Gravitational Switches
- Grease Seal
- Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
- High Pressure Accumulator
- Hoses
- Hub
- Hydraulic Control Unit
- Hydraulic Modulators
- Hydro-Boosters
- Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
- Ignition Disable Switches
- Lamp Driver Relay
- Lateral Acceleration Switches
- LEDS
- Lenses
- Low Pressure Accumulator
- Lug Nut
- Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
- Master Cylinders
- Modulators
- Motor Pack
- Motors
- Pads
- Parking Brake Cable
- Parking Brake Mechanism
- Parking Brake Shoes
- Parking Brake Switches
- Parking Brake Systems
- Pedal Travel Switches
- Pedals
- Power Distribution Center
- POWERMASTER
- Pressure Differential Switches
- Pressure Switches
- Pressure Transducers
- Proportioning Valve
- Pumps
- Relays
- RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
- Rotors
- Self-Adjusting Systems
- Shoe Hardware
- Shoes
- Sockets
- Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
- Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
- Star Wheel
- Steel Brake Lines
- Stoplight Switches
- Stroke Sensor
- Switches
- Tires
- Tone Ring
- Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
- Traction Control System (TCS)
- Transfer Tubes
- Vacuum Boosters
- Vacuum Hoses
- Valves
- Wear Indicator
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
- Wheel Cylinders
- Wiring Harnesses
- Yaw Rate Sensor
- Brake System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Brake Systems
- Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Maintenance Overview
- Antifreeze/Coolant
- Visual Inspection
- Radiator Cap Test
- Engine Fan
- Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
- Belts (Except Timing Belts)
- Belt TENSIONER
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
- Engine Oil
- Air Filters
- Cabin Air Filter
- Brake Fluid
- Battery
- Battery Cables
- Power Steering
- Power Steering Fluid
- Wiper Blades
- Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
- Routine Inspection - UICS
- Brake Systems
- Drivetrain And Transmission
- Notes
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Clutch Master Cylinders
- Cooler Lines
- Coolers
- Differential Fluid
- Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Filters And Screens
- Fluids And Lubricants
- Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
- Hydraulic Fluid
- Lubricants
- Manual Transmission Fluid
- Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
- Transfer Case Fluid
- Vacuum Hoses
- Electrical Systems
- Engine Performance And Maintenance
- Notes
- Accessory Belts
- Air Filter Elements
- Air Filter Gaskets
- Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
- Air Pump Belts
- Batteries
- Battery Connectors
- Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
- Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
- Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Combustion Chamber Cleaning
- Coolant Recovery Tanks
- Coolant
- Distributor Caps
- Distributor Rotors
- Engine Cooling Systems
- Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
- Engine Oil
- Fuel Filters
- Fuel Injector Cleaning
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel System Cleaning Service
- Hose Clamps
- Hose Connectors
- Hose Couplers
- Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
- Ignition Wires (Secondary)
- Intake Cleaning
- O2 Sensors
- PCV Breather Elements
- PCV Valves
- Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Spark Plugs
- Thermostats And Housings
- Throttle Body Cleaning
- Timing Belts
- Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
- Exhaust Systems
- Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
- Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
- Wheel & Tire Supplement
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Check Lists
- Computer Relearn Procedures
- Driveline/Axles
- Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
- Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
- Map - Drive Train & Transmission
- Drive Train & Transmission Systems
- Drivetrain And Transmission
- Notes
- Actuators (Electrical)
- Actuators (Vacuum)
- Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Axles
- Bearings And Races
- Bell Cranks
- Bell Housings
- Bushings (External)
- Cables (Speedometer)
- Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
- Carrier Bearings
- Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
- Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
- Clutch Forks
- Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
- Clutch Master Cylinders
- Clutch Pedals
- Clutch Pivots
- Clutch Pressure Plates
- Clutch Release Bearings
- Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
- Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
- Companion Flanges
- Connectors
- Cooler Bypass Valves
- Cooler Lines
- Coolers
- CV Joints
- Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
- Differential Fluid
- Dip Stick Tubes
- Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
- Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
- Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Drive Shaft Flanges
- Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
- Dust Boots
- Engine Mounts
- Exciter Rings
- Filler Tubes
- Filters And Screens
- Flanges
- Flex Plates
- Fluid Level Indicators
- Fluids And Lubricants
- Flywheels
- Force Motors
- Gaskets
- Guides
- Half Shafts
- Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
- Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
- Hydraulic Fluid
- Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
- Key Interlock Systems
- Limited Slips
- Lines
- Linkages (External)
- Locking Hub Assemblies
- Locking Hub Control Knobs
- Lubricants
- Manual Transmission Fluid
- Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
- Metal Clad Seals
- METALASTIC Joints
- Modulator Pins
- Modulators
- Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
- Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
- Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
- Oil Pans
- Pans
- Pilot Holes
- Pressure Plates
- Pressure Switches
- Races
- Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
- Screens
- Seals (Metal Clad)
- Seals
- Selector Interlock Systems
- Sensors
- Servos
- Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
- Side Covers
- Slip Yokes
- Solenoids
- Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
- Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
- Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
- Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
- Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
- Switches
- Tone Wheels
- Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
- Torque Converters
- Transaxle Mounts
- Transducers (Transmission)
- Transfer Case Assemblies
- Transfer Case Fluid
- Transmission Coolers
- Transmission Mounts
- Transmission Pans
- Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
- Tubes
- Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
- Vacuum Controls
- Vacuum Hoses
- Vacuum Motors
- Vacuum-Operated Switches
- Vehicle Speed Sensors
- Vents
- Vibration Dampers
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Speed Sensors
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Yokes And Slip Yokes
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
- Electrical
- Map - Electrical Systems
- Electrical Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Actuator Motors (Electric)
- Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
- Air Bags
- Alternators And Generators
- Amplifiers
- Antennas
- Batteries
- Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
- Battery Cables
- Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
- Battery Wires
- Belts
- Bulb Sockets
- Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
- Cd Players
- Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
- Circuit Breakers
- Clutch Switches
- Connectors
- Control Modules
- Cruise Control Brake Switches
- Cruise Control Cables
- Cruise Control Clutch Switches
- Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
- Cruise Control Reservoirs
- Cruise Control Tubes
- Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
- Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
- Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
- Defoggers
- Defrosters
- Delays
- Dimmers
- Electric Heaters
- Equalizers
- Fuse Blocks
- Fuse Boxes And Blocks
- Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
- Fusible Links
- Gauges
- Generators
- Ground Cables And Straps
- Ground Straps
- Headlight Adjusters
- Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
- Horns And Sirens
- Ignition Switches
- Indicator Lights
- Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
- Keyless Entry Transmitters
- LEDS
- Lenses
- Microphones
- Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
- Motors
- Neutral Safety Switches
- Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
- Odometers
- Power Distribution Center
- Pulleys
- Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
- Relay Boxes
- Relays
- Sealed Beams
- Seat Heaters
- Security Alarm Sensors
- Sirens
- Solenoids
- Speakers And Microphones
- Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
- Speedometer Cables
- Speedometers
- Starters
- Sub-Woofer Volume Control
- Switches
- Tachometer Cables
- Tachometers
- Tape Players And Cd Players
- TENSIONERS
- Timers
- Transceivers
- Transducers
- Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
- Voltage Regulators
- Washer Fluid Level Senders
- Washer Pumps
- Wiper Arms And Blades
- Wiper Blades
- Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
- Wiper Linkages
- Wiper Nozzles
- Wiper Pump Reservoirs
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Electrical Systems
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- Map - Electrical Systems
- Engine
- Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Description
- Engine Identification
- Inspection Procedures
- Cleaning Procedures
- Component Cleaning
- Cylinder Head Replacement
- Cylinder Head Overhaul
- Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
- Crankshaft & Main Bearings
- Camshaft
- Timing Chains & Belts
- Timing Gears
- Oil Pump
- Break-In Procedure
- General Cooling System Service - General Information
- Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
- Engine Performance
- Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
- Emission Control Visual Inspection Procedures
- Emission Control Labels
- Ford Calibration Labels
- Emission Control Visual Inspection
- Notes
- Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
- Thermostatic Air Cleaner (TAC)
- Fuel Evaporative System (EVAP)
- Catalytic Converters
- Fill Pipe RESTRICTOR (Fr)
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) System
- Spark Controls (SPK)
- Air Injection System (AIS)
- Oxygen Sensor (O2)
- Computerized Engine Controls (CEC)
- Early Fuel Evaporation (EFE)
- Emission Maintenance Reminder Light (EMR)
- Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
- Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
- Engine Performance Safety Precautions
- Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
- Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
- Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
- Engine Performance And Maintenance
- Notes
- Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
- Accessory Belts
- Accessory Pulleys
- Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
- Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
- Air Ducts And Tubes
- Air Filter Elements
- Air Filter Gaskets
- Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
- Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
- Air Injection Control Solenoids
- Air Plenums
- Air Pump Belts
- Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
- Air Tubes
- Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
- Baffles
- Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
- Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
- Barometric Pressure Sensors
- Batteries
- Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
- Battery Connectors
- Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
- Battery Wires
- Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
- Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
- Belt-Driven Air Pumps
- Boost Control Mechanism
- Camshaft Position Sensors
- Carburetors And Chokes
- Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
- Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
- Check Valves
- Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Chokes
- Clutch Pedal Position Switches
- Cold Start Injectors
- Combustion Chamber Cleaning
- Connectors
- Coolant Recovery Tanks
- Coolant
- Cooling Fan Motor Modules
- Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
- Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
- Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
- Cooling Fan Motor Switches
- Cooling Fan Motors
- Crankshaft Position Sensors
- Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
- Cylinder Head Assemblies
- DECEL Valves
- Deflectors
- Dip Stick Tubes
- Dip Sticks And Tubes
- Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
- Distributor Boots And Shields
- Distributor Caps
- Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
- Distributor Rotors
- Distributor Shields
- Distributors
- Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
- EGR Coolers
- EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
- EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
- EGR Plates And Coolers
- Electronic Spark Control Modules
- Electronic Transmission Control Devices
- Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
- Engine Cooling Systems
- Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
- Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Engine Oil Canisters
- Engine Oil Coolers (External)
- Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
- Engine Oil Gaskets
- Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
- Engine Oil
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
- Expansion Plugs
- Fan Control Sensor
- Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
- Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
- Fuel Caps
- Fuel Dampers
- Fuel Delivery Check Valves
- Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
- Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
- Fuel Filters
- Fuel Injector Cleaning
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel Level Senders
- Fuel Pressure Regulators
- Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
- Fuel Rails
- Fuel RESTRICTORS
- Fuel System Cleaning Service
- Fuel Tanks
- Fuel
- Gaskets
- Grommets (Valve Cover)
- Harmonic Dampers
- Heater Control Valves
- Heater Cores
- Hose Clamps
- Hose Connectors
- Hose Couplers
- Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
- Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
- Housings
- Idle Air Controls
- Idle Speed Control Actuators
- Ignition Boots
- Ignition Coil Towers
- Ignition Coils
- Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
- Ignition Switches
- Ignition Terminals
- Ignition Wires (Secondary)
- Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
- Intake Air Temperature Sensors
- Intake Cleaning
- Intake Manifolds
- In-Tank Fuel Strainers
- INTERCOOLERS
- Knock Sensors
- Liquid Vapor Separators
- Long Block Assemblies
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
- Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
- Metal Air Pipes
- Mix Control Solenoids
- Motor Mounts
- O2 Sensors
- Oil Pans
- Oil Pressure Sending Units
- Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
- Oil Pumps
- O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
- Park Neutral Position Switches
- PCV Breather Elements
- PCV Orifices
- PCV Valves
- Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
- Power Steering Pressure Sensors
- Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
- Powertrain Control Prom
- Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
- Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
- Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Radiators
- Roll Over Valves
- Sealing Compounds
- Seals
- Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
- Sensors
- Short Block Assemblies
- Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
- Spark Plugs
- Spring Locks
- Super Chargers
- Switches
- Thermal Vacuum Valves
- Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
- Thermostats And Housings
- Throttle Bodies
- Throttle Body Cleaning
- Throttle Cables
- Throttle Linkages And Cables
- Throttle Position Sensors
- Throttle Position Switches
- Timing Belt Sprockets
- Timing Belts
- Timing Covers
- Torque Struts
- Transmission Range Switches
- Tube Clamps
- Tube Connectors
- Tube Couplers
- Tubes
- Turbo Chargers
- Vacuum Connections
- Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
- Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
- Vacuum Tubes
- Valve Covers
- Vehicle Speed Senors
- Volume Air Flow Sensors
- Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
- Waste Gate Control Solenoids
- Water Pumps (Electric)
- Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
- State Emission Standards - Diesel
- State Emission Standards - Gas
- ALASKA
- ARIZONA
- CALIFORNIA
- Colorado
- CONNECTICUT
- DELAWARE
- District Of COLUMBIA
- GEORGIA
- IDAHO
- ILLINOIS
- INDIANA
- KENTUCKY
- MARYLAND
- MASSACHUSETTS
- MISSOURI
- NEVADA
- New Jersey
- New MEXICO
- New YORK
- North CAROLINA
- OHIO
- OREGON
- PENNSYLVANIA
- RHODE Island
- TENNESSEE
- TEXAS
- UTAH
- VIRGINIA
- WASHINGTON
- WISCONSIN
- U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
- U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
- U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
- Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Purpose Of This Article
- Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
- The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
- The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
- Interpreting Injector Waveforms
- Current Waveform Samples
- Notes
- Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
- Voltage Waveform Samples
- Notes
- Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
- Map - Exhaust Systems
- Exhaust Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Catalytic Converters
- Exhaust And Tail Pipes
- Exhaust Connections
- Hangers
- Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
- Heat Shields
- Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
- Mechanical EFE Devices
- Muffler Valve
- Mufflers And Resonators
- Reason Code Explanation
- Exhaust Systems
- Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
- Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Accumulators
- Actuators (Electrical)
- Actuators (Vacuum)
- Air Conditioning Fittings
- Air Conditioning Hoses
- Air Conditioning Metal Lines
- Air Control Doors
- Air Dams (External)
- Air Distribution System
- Belts
- Blend Doors
- Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
- Blower Motors
- Blower Resistors
- Blower Switches
- Cabin Air Filters
- Circuit Breakers
- Compressor Clutch Assemblies
- Compressors
- Condenser Air Seals
- Condenser Fan Motors
- Condensers
- Connectors
- Control Cables
- Control Heads (Function Selectors)
- Control Linkages
- Control Modules
- Coolant
- Cooling Fan Blades
- Cooling Fan Clutches
- Cooling Fan Motors
- Evaporator Drain Tubes
- Evaporator Filters
- Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
- Evaporators
- Expansion Valves
- Function Selectors
- Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
- Fusible Links
- Gaskets
- Heater Cases
- Heater Control Valves
- Heater Cores
- Heater Hoses
- High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
- Idlers
- In-Line Filters
- Metal Fittings
- Metal Lines
- Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
- ORIFACE Tubes
- O-Rings
- Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
- Plenums
- Pressure Control Valves
- Pressure Sensors
- Pulleys
- Radiators
- Receiver-DRIERS
- Refrigerant Oil
- Refrigerant
- Relays
- Seals
- Service Ports
- Spring Lock Couplings
- Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
- Switches (Electrical)
- TENSIONERS
- Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
- Thermostats And Housings
- Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
- Vacuum Reservoirs
- Vacuum Tubes
- Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
- Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
- Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
- Identification
- Metric Conversions
- OEM General Information
- How To Use The Engine Performance Section
- Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
- A/C Filter Service Reminder
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder
- Notes
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 11
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 12
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 13
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 14
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 15
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 16
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 17
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 18
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 19
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 20
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 21
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 22
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 23
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 24
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 25
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 26
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 27
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 28
- Maintenance Service Reminder (Overhead Warning Lights)
- Maintenance Service Reminder (Sri)
- Maintenance Service Reminder (VMM)
- Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
- Notes
- Tire Pressure Sensor Types
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
- Steering
- Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
- Steering & Suspension Systems
- Wheel And Tire
- Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
- Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
- Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
- Notes
- Active Handling
- Active Suspension Control Modules
- Active Variable Ratio Steering
- Active Yaw Control
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Advance TRAC
- Air Bags
- Air Ride Control Modules
- Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
- Air Ride Suspension
- Air Ride Tubes
- Air Shocks And Air Struts
- Air Spring Valves
- Air Springs
- Air Suspension Control Valves
- Air Suspension DRIERS
- Axle Acceleration Sensor
- Ball Joints
- Body Acceleration Sensor
- Bushings
- Center Links
- Compressors
- Continuous Damping Control
- Control Arm Shafts
- Control Arms
- Control Modules
- Distance Regulation Control Module
- Distance Regulation Sensor
- Drag Links
- Dynamic Stability Control
- Dynamic Stability Traction Control
- Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
- Electronic Stability Control
- Electronic Suspension System
- Flex Couplers
- Gaskets
- Height Sensors
- Hydraulic Hoses
- Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
- Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
- Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
- Idler Arms
- Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
- King Pins
- Modules
- Pitman Arms
- Power Steering Belts
- Power Steering Coolers
- Power Steering Fluid
- Power Steering Hoses
- Power Steering Lines (Steel)
- Power Steering Pumps - Electric
- Power Steering Pumps
- Radar Sensor
- Radius Arms
- Relay Rods
- Relays
- Sensors
- Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
- Spindles
- Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
- STABILITRAC
- Stability Management System
- Steering Angle Sensor
- Steering Arms
- Steering Couplers
- Steering Dampers
- Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
- Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
- Steering Knuckles
- Strike Out Bumpers
- Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
- Strut Rods
- Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
- Sway Bar Links
- Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
- Sway Bars
- Switches
- Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System
- Tire Pressure Sensors
- Tires
- Torque Sensor
- Torsion Springs
- Track Bar Bushings
- Track Bars
- Trailing Arm Bushings
- Trailing Arms
- Valve Stems
- Vehicle Dynamics Control
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Vehicle Stability Assist
- Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
- Warning Lamps
- Wheel Alignment
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
- Wheels (Rims)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
- Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
- Traction Control Disable Procedures
- Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
- Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
- General Servicing
- A/C Clutch & Seal Removal & Installation
- Ford FX-15 10-CYL Clutch
- Ford FX-15 10-CYL Shaft Seal
- NIPPONDENSO, 6E-171 & 6P-148 6-CYL Clutch
- NIPPONDENSO, 6E-171 & 6P-148 6-CYL Shaft Seal
- NIPPONDENSO & Ford FS-6, 6-CYL Clutch
- NIPPONDENSO & Ford FS-6, 6-CYL Shaft Seal R & I
- NIPPONDENSO, 10P15 & 10P15F 10-CYL Clutch
- NIPPONDENSO 10P15 & 10P15F, Shaft Seal
- NIPPONDENSO, 10P15A 10-CYL Clutch Assembly
- NIPPONDENSO, 10P15A 10-CYL Shaft Seal
- NIPPONDENSO 10PA17 & 10PA17A 10-CYL Clutch
- NIPPONDENSO 10PA17 & 10PA17A 10-CYL Shaft Seal
- NIPPONDENSO 10PA20 10-CYL Clutch
- NIPPONDENSO 10PA20 10-CYL Shaft Seal
- A/C Compressor Application
- A/C Compressor Overhaul - 10-CYL
- A/C Compressor Overhaul - 6-CYL
- A/C Orifice Tube Removal & Installation
- A/C System General Servicing
- Using R-12 Refrigerant - Safety Precautions
- Using Individual R-12 Cans
- Multi-Can Dispensing Valves
- Can Tap Installation
- Sight Glass Indicators
- 1990 Passenger Car Service Valve Location
- 1991 Passenger Car Service Valve Locations
- 1990 Truck & Van Service Valve Location Table
- 1991 Truck & Van Service Valve Locations Table
- Stem-Type Valve Operation
- SCHRADER-Type Valve Operation
- Special Valve Connectors
- Manifold Gauge Set
- Connecting Gauge Set
- Purging Test Hoses
- Stabilizing A/C System
- Pressure Gauge Indications
- Pressure Gauge Readings
- Excessive Moisture Gauge Readings
- Defective Thermostatic Switch Gauge Readings
- MISADJUSTED Thermostatic Switch Gauge Readings
- Defective Clutch Cycling Switch Pressure Gauge Readings
- Low R-12 Charge Gauge Readings
- Very Low R-12 Charge Gauge Readings
- Orifice Tube Plugged Gauge Readings
- Expansion Or "H" Valve Stuck Closed
- Expansion Or "H" Valve Stuck Open Gauge Readings
- Compressor Malfunction Gauge Readings
- Condenser Malfunction Or R-12 Overcharge Gauge Readings
- Orifice Tube Replacement - AEROSTAR, Bronco, Explorer
- Spring Lock Coupling Clamp Table
- Orifice Tube R & I - E & F Series, Ranger
- Orifice Tube R & I - Crown VIC/Gran Marquis/TWN Car
- Orifice Tube Replacement - Escort, Probe, Tracer
- Orifice Tube Replacement - All Other
- Refrigerant Recovery
- Discharging A/C System
- Flushing A/C System
- Evacuating A/C System
- Charging A/C System
- Leak Testing
- A/C System Precautions
- Before Opening The System
- Discharging A/C System
- Disconnecting Lines & Fittings
- Component Replacement
- Using R-12 Refrigerant - Safety Precautions
- Using Individual R-12 Cans
- Multi-Can Dispensing Valves
- Can Tap Installation Flat Type Seal Cans
- Screw Type Seal Cans
- Connecting Lines & Fittings
- Placing System In Operation
- Compressor Removal Information - Isolation Method
- Compressor Removal Information-Discharge Method
- A/C System Specifications
- A/C Clutch & Seal Removal & Installation
- HVAC Control Systems
- A/C-Heater System - Manual
- Description
- Operation
- Control Cables Inspection
- Control Cables Adjustment
- Trouble Shooting
- On-Vehicle Service
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Special Tools
- A/C-Heater System Trouble Shooting - Manual
- Heater System
- Heater System Trouble Shooting
- A/C-Heater System - Manual
- General Servicing
- Maintenance
- Procedures
- Maintenance Information
- Model Identification
- Maintenance Service Information
- Service Point Locations
- Service Labor Times
- Wheel & Tire Specifications
- Battery Specifications
- Cautions & Warnings
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Replacing Blown Fuses
- Battery Removal
- Battery Warning
- Brake Pad Wear Indicator
- Brake Pad Replacement
- Catalytic Converter (Gasoline Models)
- Coolant (Propylene-Glycol Formulations)
- Diesel Fuel Anti-Fungal Additives
- Diesel Fuel Contamination
- Diesel Fuel Requirements
- Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive (ESD) Parts
- Fuel Pump Shut-Off Switch
- Fuel Conditioner (Diesel Engines)
- Fuel System Service
- Halogen Bulbs
- Jump Starting (Turbo Diesel)
- Starting Fluid Use (Turbo Diesel)
- Radiator Fan
- Turbocharged Models (Turbo-Diesel)
- Warranty Information
- Fuses & Circuit Breakers
- Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
- A/C Filter Service Reminder
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder
- Notes
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 11
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 12
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 13
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 14
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 15
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 16
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 17
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 18
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 19
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 20
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 21
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 22
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 23
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 24
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 25
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 26
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 27
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 28
- Maintenance Service Reminder (Overhead Warning Lights)
- Maintenance Service Reminder (Sri)
- Maintenance Service Reminder (VMM)
- Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
- Notes
- Tire Pressure Sensor Types
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
- Service Indicator & Warning Lights
- Maintenance Information
- Procedures
- Steering
- Manual Steering
- Power Steering
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear - Power
- Steering Linkage
- Suspension
- Front Suspension
- Suspension - Front
- Suspension - Front (4WD Coil Spring)
- Rear Suspension
- Wheel Alignment
- Front Suspension
- Transmission
- Clutches
- Description
- Service (In-Vehicle)
- Removal & Installation
- Hydraulic Clutch Line
- Transmission
- Removal (Mazda M50D 5-Speed Overdrive - Aerostar)
- Installation
- Removal (Mazda M50D 5-Speed - Bronco II & Ranger)
- Removal (Mitsubishi FM132 5-Speed - Ranger 2.9L 2WD)
- Removal (Mitsubishi FM146 5-Speed - Bronco II & Ranger 4WD)
- Removal (Mazda M50D 5-Speed - Bronco, "E" & "F" Series)
- Removal (Mazda M50D 5-Speed - Bronco, "E" & "F" Series 4WD)
- Removal (Ford S5-42 ZF 5-Speed - 2WD: Bronco, E350 & "F" Series)
- Removal (Ford S5-42 ZF 5-Speed - 4WD: Bronco, E350 & "F" Series)
- Removal (Borg-Warner T-18 4-Speed F150/250 2WD)
- Removal (Borg-Warner T-18 4-Speed - Bronco 4WD)
- Clutch Disc & Pressure Plate
- Clutch Release Bearing
- Clutch Pilot Bearing
- Clutch Hydraulic System
- Clutch Pedal
- Adjustments
- Torque Specifications
- Manual Trans
- OVERHAUL - 5-SPEED Mitsubishi
- Overhaul - M50D 5-Speed
- Removal & Installation - M/T
- Transfer Case Removal & Installation
- Transmission Removal & Installation
- Borg-WARNER T-18 4-Speed (F-150/250 2WD)
- Borg-WARNER T-18 4-Speed (Bronco & F150/250 4WD)
- Ford S5-42 (2WD Bronco, E-350 & "F" Series)
- Ford S5-42 (4WD Bronco, E-350 & "F" Series)
- MAZDA M50D (AEROSTAR, Bronco II & Ranger)
- MAZDA M50D (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series 2WD)
- MAZDA M50D (Bronco, "E" & "F" Series 4WD)
- MITSUBISHI Fm132 (2WD) & Fm146 (4WD)
- Torque Specifications
- Servicing - M/T
- Clutches
- External Pages