Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)
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Quick Lookups
Common Specs & Procedures
DTC Index- Air Bag Restraint Systems DTCS
- Anti-Lock Brakes DTCS
- Anti-Theft Systems (Active) DTCS
- Automatic Transmission Electronic Control Diagnosis DTCS
- Electronic Cooling Fans DTCS
- Instrument Panels (Analog) DTCS
- Power Door Locks DTCS
- Remote Keyless Entry Systems DTCS
- Self-Diagnostics DTCS
- Steering Column Switches DTCS
- Suspension (Electronic) DTCS
Electrical Component Locations
Fluids
Technical Bulletins
Tire Fitment
Wiring Diagrams- System Wiring Diagrams
- Air Conditioning
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Anti-Theft
- Body Computer
- Computer Data Lines
- Cooling Fan
- Cruise Control
- Defoggers
- Electronic Suspension
- Engine Performance
- Exterior Lights
- Ground Distribution
- Headlights
- Horn
- Instrument Cluster
- Interior Lights
- Power Distribution
- Power Door Locks
- Power Mirrors
- Power Seats
- Power Windows
- Radio
- Shift Interlocks
- Starting/Charging
- Supplemental Restraints
- Transmission
- Warning Systems
- Wiper/Washer
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Accessories & Equipment
- Anti-Theft Systems
- Anti-Theft Systems - Active
- Description
- OPERATION Arming System
- Component Tests
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests
- System Tests
- Notes
- Test A: No Communication With Rap Module
- Test B: No Communication With Gem
- Test C: System Does Not Arm Or Disarm Properly
- Test D: System Does Not Disarm After Activation
- Test E: Theft Indicator Does Not Illuminate To Indicate Arming
- Test F: Horn & Headlights/Exterior Lights Always On
- Test G: System Activates False Alarms
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Power Door Locks System
- Description & Operation
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests
- Symptom Tests
- Notes
- Test A: No Communication With Gem Module
- Test B: One Door Lock Inoperative
- Test C: All-Door Locks Inoperative/Intermittent
- Test D: All Locks Work From Only One Lock Switch
- Test E: Door Locks Only Work With Engine On
- Test F: All Locks Will Not Lock
- Test G: All Locks Will Not Unlock
- Test H: Memory Lock Does Not Work
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Remote Keyless Entry System
- Description & Operation
- Programming
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Testing
- Notes
- Test B1309: Power Door Lock Circuit Shorted
- Test B1341: Power Door Unlock Circuit Shorted
- Test B1485: Brake Pedal Input Circuit Shorted
- Test B1629: PRNDL Reverse Input Shorted To Battery
- Test B1982: Driver's Door Unlock Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- Test B1983: Driver Door Unlock Relay Coil Short To Battery
- System Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Anti-Theft Systems - Active
- Communication Devices
- Module Communications Network System
- Description & Operation
- Repairing Bus Wiring
- Communication Network Diagnostics
- Testing
- Notes
- Test A: Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) Does Not Respond To NGS Tester
- Test B: Anti-Lock Brake System/Traction Control (Abs/TC) Module Does Not Respond To NGS Tester
- Test C: No Module Response On Circuit 914 Or Circuit 915
- Test D: Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) Does Not Respond To NGS Tester
- Test E: Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Does Not Respond To NGS Tester
- Test F: Diagnostic Air Bag Module Does Not Respond To NGS Tester
- Test G: Remote Anti-Theft Personality (Rap) Module Does Not Respond To NGS Tester
- Test H: No Module Response/Network On Circuit 70
- Wiring Diagrams
- Module Communications Network System
- Cruise Control Systems
- Description
- Operation
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Self-Diagnostic System
- System Testing
- Notes
- Test A: Stoplight Switch Circuitry
- Test B: Brake Deactivation Switch Circuitry
- Test C: Vehicle Speed Sensor Circuitry
- Test D: Speed Control Inoperative
- Test E: Set Speed Fluctuates
- Test F: Speed Control Does Not Disengage When Brakes Are
- Test G: Coast Switch Inoperative
- Test H: Set/ACCEL Switch Inoperative
- Test J: Resume Switch Inoperative
- Test K: Off Switch Inoperative
- Test L: Speed Control Indicator Never/Always On
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Gauges & Instrument Panels
- Instrument Panels - Analog
- Description & Operation
- Testing
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests
- Symptom Tests
- No Communication With Gem
- Warning Indicators Inoperative Or Erratic
- Fuel Level Reads Inaccurately
- Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge Inaccurate
- Speedometer/Odometer Inaccurate
- Speedometer/Odometer Inoperative
- Tachometer Inaccurate
- Brake Warning Light Never/Always On
- Oil Pressure Warning Light Never/Always On
- Turn Indicator Never/Always On
- Cruise Control Indicator Never/Always On
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Instrument Panels - Analog
- Heated Glass/Defoggers
- Power Mirrors System
- Power Seats System
- Description & Operation
- Trouble Shooting
- Component Tests
- System Tests
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Steering Column Switches
- Window Motors & Regulators
- Power Windows System
- Description & Operation
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Component Testing
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Diagnostic Testing
- DTC B1243: Express Window Down Switch Shorted To Battery
- DTC B1302: Delayed Accessory Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1304: Delayed Accessory Relay Coil Circuit Shorted To Battery
- DTC B1398: Left Front Power Window One-Touch Down Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1400: Left Front Power Window One-Touch Down Relay Coil Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1404: Left Front Power Window Down Circuit Open
- DTC B1405: Left Front Power Window Down Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1408: Left Front Power Window Up Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1410: Left Front Power Window Motor Circuit Failure
- DTC B1475: Delayed Accessory Relay Contact Short To Battery
- System Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Power Windows System
- Wiper/Washer Systems
- Wiper System & Washer System
- Description & Operation
- Component Terminology
- Component Locations
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Component Testing
- Self-Diagnostics
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Testing
- DTC B1244: Rear Wiper Run Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1245: Rear Wiper Run Relay Coil Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1342: Ecu Is Defective
- DTC B1431: Wiper Run Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1432: Wiper Run Relay Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1434: Wiper Hi/Lo Speed Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1436: Wiper Hi/Lo Speed Relay Coil Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1438: Wiper Mode Select Switch Circuit Failure
- DTC B1441: Front Wiper Switch Circuit Short To Ground
- DTC B1446: Front Wiper Park Sense Circuit Failure
- DTC B1448: Front Wiper Park Sense Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1450: Wiper Wash/Delay Switch Circuit Failure
- DTC B1453: Wiper Wash/Delay Switch Circuit Short To Ground
- DTC B1456: Low Washer Fluid Light Short To Battery
- DTC B1458: Wiper Washer Pump Motor Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1460: Wiper Washer Pump Motor Relay Coil Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1466: Wiper Hi/Lo Speed Not Switching
- DTC 1467: Wiper Motor Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1473: Wiper Low Speed Motor Circuit Failure
- DTC B1476: Wiper High Speed Motor Circuit Failure
- DTC B1613: Rear Wiper Switch Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1629: Transmission Reverse Input Short To Battery
- Symptom Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Wiper System & Washer System
- Anti-Theft Systems
- Body & Frame
- Door Locks
- Anti-Theft Systems - Active
- Description
- OPERATION Arming System
- Component Tests
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests
- System Tests
- Notes
- Test A: No Communication With Rap Module
- Test B: No Communication With Gem
- Test C: System Does Not Arm Or Disarm Properly
- Test D: System Does Not Disarm After Activation
- Test E: Theft Indicator Does Not Illuminate To Indicate Arming
- Test F: Horn & Headlights/Exterior Lights Always On
- Test G: System Activates False Alarms
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Power Door Locks System
- Description & Operation
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests
- Symptom Tests
- Notes
- Test A: No Communication With Gem Module
- Test B: One Door Lock Inoperative
- Test C: All-Door Locks Inoperative/Intermittent
- Test D: All Locks Work From Only One Lock Switch
- Test E: Door Locks Only Work With Engine On
- Test F: All Locks Will Not Lock
- Test G: All Locks Will Not Unlock
- Test H: Memory Lock Does Not Work
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Remote Keyless Entry System
- Description & Operation
- Programming
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Testing
- Notes
- Test B1309: Power Door Lock Circuit Shorted
- Test B1341: Power Door Unlock Circuit Shorted
- Test B1485: Brake Pedal Input Circuit Shorted
- Test B1629: PRNDL Reverse Input Shorted To Battery
- Test B1982: Driver's Door Unlock Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- Test B1983: Driver Door Unlock Relay Coil Short To Battery
- System Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Anti-Theft Systems - Active
- Power Mirrors System
- Power Seats System
- Description & Operation
- Trouble Shooting
- Component Tests
- System Tests
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Power Windows System
- Description & Operation
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Component Testing
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Diagnostic Testing
- DTC B1243: Express Window Down Switch Shorted To Battery
- DTC B1302: Delayed Accessory Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1304: Delayed Accessory Relay Coil Circuit Shorted To Battery
- DTC B1398: Left Front Power Window One-Touch Down Relay Coil Circuit Failure
- DTC B1400: Left Front Power Window One-Touch Down Relay Coil Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1404: Left Front Power Window Down Circuit Open
- DTC B1405: Left Front Power Window Down Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1408: Left Front Power Window Up Circuit Short To Battery
- DTC B1410: Left Front Power Window Motor Circuit Failure
- DTC B1475: Delayed Accessory Relay Contact Short To Battery
- System Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Door Locks
- Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Description
- Operation
- Bleeding Brake System
- Trouble Shooting
- Diagnosis & Testing
- Diagnostic Tests
- Notes
- DTC C1103: Hydraulic Brake Pressure Switch Circuit Failure
- DTC C1104: TRAC Active Light Circuit Short To Power
- DTC C1105: TRAC Off Light Circuit Short To Power
- DTC C1141: Left Front Toothed Indicator Ring, Tooth Missing
- DTC C1142: Right Front Toothed Indicator Ring, Tooth Missing
- DTC C1143: Left Rear Toothed Indicator Ring, Tooth Missing
- DTC C1144: Right Rear Toothed Indicator Ring, Tooth Missing
- DTC C1145: Right Front Wheel Sensor Input Circuit Failure
- DTC C1155: Left Front Wheel Sensor Input Circuit Failure
- DTC C1165: Right Rear Wheel Sensor Input Circuit Failure
- DTC C1175: Left Rear Wheel Sensor Input Circuit Failure
- DTC C1220: Abs Warning Light Output Circuit Short To Power
- DTC C1446: Brake Switch Circuit Failure
- Symptom Tests
- System Tests
- Test A: Hydraulic Pump Motor (DTC C1095 & C1096)
- Test B: Abs Power Relay Circuit Failure (DTC C1113, C1115 & C1185)
- Test C: Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Diagnosis (DTC C1148 & C1234)
- Test D: Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Diagnosis (DTC C1158 & C1233)
- Test E: Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Diagnosis (DTC C1168 & C1235)
- Test F: Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Diagnosis (DTC C1178 & C1236)
- Test G: System Control Time-Out (DTC C1184 & C1222)
- Test H: Isolation (Dump) Valve Failure (DTC C1194, C1196, C1198, C1200, C1210, C1212, C1214, C1216, C1242, C1244, C1246, C1248, C1250, C1252, C1254 & C1256)
- Test J: Warning Lamp (DTC C1140, C1225, C1226 & C1265)
- Test K: No Response During DTC Retrieval
- Test L: Diagnosing Hydraulic Control Unit
- Test M: Abs Warning Light On With System Pass
- Removal & Installation
- Adjustments
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagrams
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Mechanical - Hydraulic
- Disc Brake System & Drum Brake System
- Description & Operation
- Bleeding Brake System
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Overhaul
- Disc Brake Specifications
- Drum Brake Specifications
- Torque Specifications
- Disc Brake System & Drum Brake System
- Traction Control
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Description
- Operation
- Bleeding Brake System
- Trouble Shooting
- Diagnosis & Testing
- Diagnostic Tests
- Notes
- DTC C1103: Hydraulic Brake Pressure Switch Circuit Failure
- DTC C1104: TRAC Active Light Circuit Short To Power
- DTC C1105: TRAC Off Light Circuit Short To Power
- DTC C1141: Left Front Toothed Indicator Ring, Tooth Missing
- DTC C1142: Right Front Toothed Indicator Ring, Tooth Missing
- DTC C1143: Left Rear Toothed Indicator Ring, Tooth Missing
- DTC C1144: Right Rear Toothed Indicator Ring, Tooth Missing
- DTC C1145: Right Front Wheel Sensor Input Circuit Failure
- DTC C1155: Left Front Wheel Sensor Input Circuit Failure
- DTC C1165: Right Rear Wheel Sensor Input Circuit Failure
- DTC C1175: Left Rear Wheel Sensor Input Circuit Failure
- DTC C1220: Abs Warning Light Output Circuit Short To Power
- DTC C1446: Brake Switch Circuit Failure
- Symptom Tests
- System Tests
- Test A: Hydraulic Pump Motor (DTC C1095 & C1096)
- Test B: Abs Power Relay Circuit Failure (DTC C1113, C1115 & C1185)
- Test C: Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Diagnosis (DTC C1148 & C1234)
- Test D: Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Diagnosis (DTC C1158 & C1233)
- Test E: Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Diagnosis (DTC C1168 & C1235)
- Test F: Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Diagnosis (DTC C1178 & C1236)
- Test G: System Control Time-Out (DTC C1184 & C1222)
- Test H: Isolation (Dump) Valve Failure (DTC C1194, C1196, C1198, C1200, C1210, C1212, C1214, C1216, C1242, C1244, C1246, C1248, C1250, C1252, C1254 & C1256)
- Test J: Warning Lamp (DTC C1140, C1225, C1226 & C1265)
- Test K: No Response During DTC Retrieval
- Test L: Diagnosing Hydraulic Control Unit
- Test M: Abs Warning Light On With System Pass
- Removal & Installation
- Adjustments
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagrams
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Drivelines & Axles
- Axle Shafts - Fwd
- Description & Operation
- Lubrication
- Trouble Shooting
- Removal & Installation
- Overhaul
- Fwd Axle Shafts
- Disassembly (1998 Villager M/T)
- Reassembly (1998 Villager M/T)
- Disassembly (Inboard CV Joint - 1998 Villager A/T)
- Reassembly (Inboard CV Joint - 1998 Villager A/T)
- Disassembly (Outboard CV Joint - 1998 Villager A/T)
- Reassembly (Outboard CV Joint - 1998 Villager A/T)
- Disassembly (1999 Villager)
- Reassembly (1999 Villager)
- Disassembly (Axle Shaft Support Bearing - Villager)
- Reassembly (Axle Shaft Support Bearing - Villager)
- Disassembly (1998 Windstar)
- Reassembly (1998 Windstar)
- Disassembly (1999 Windstar)
- Reassembly (1999 Windstar)
- Disassembly & Reassembly (ABS Wheel Sensor Ring - Windstar)
- Fwd Axle Shafts
- Torque Specifications
- Axle Shafts - Fwd
- Electrical
- Charging Systems
- Component Locations
- Fuses & Circuit Breakers
- Gauges
- Instrument Panels - Analog
- Description & Operation
- Testing
- Diagnostic Trouble Code Tests
- Symptom Tests
- No Communication With Gem
- Warning Indicators Inoperative Or Erratic
- Fuel Level Reads Inaccurately
- Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge Inaccurate
- Speedometer/Odometer Inaccurate
- Speedometer/Odometer Inoperative
- Tachometer Inaccurate
- Brake Warning Light Never/Always On
- Oil Pressure Warning Light Never/Always On
- Turn Indicator Never/Always On
- Cruise Control Indicator Never/Always On
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Instrument Panels - Analog
- Starter
- Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Air Conditioning
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Anti-Theft
- Body Computer
- Computer Data Lines
- Cooling Fan
- Cruise Control
- Defoggers
- Electronic Suspension
- Engine Performance
- Exterior Lights
- Ground Distribution
- Headlights
- Horn
- Instrument Cluster
- Interior Lights
- Power Distribution
- Power Door Locks
- Power Mirrors
- Power Seats
- Power Windows
- Radio
- Shift Interlocks
- Starting/Charging
- Supplemental Restraints
- Transmission
- Warning Systems
- Wiper/Washer
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Engine Mechanical
- Accessory Drive Belts
- Engine Cooling System Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
- Bleeding
- Belt Adjustment
- Notes
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1998 3.0L WINDSTAR)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1998 3.8L WINDSTAR)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1999 4.2L)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1998 4.6L & 5.4)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1999 4.6L, 5.4L & 6.8L)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1999 7.3L Diesel)
- Drive Belt Routing
- Specifications
- Engine Cooling System Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
- Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
- Emission Control System Visual Inspection Procedures - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Emission Control Labels
- Emission Control Visual Inspection
- Notes
- Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
- Thermostatic Air Cleaner (TAC)
- Fuel Evaporative System (EVAP)
- Catalytic Converters
- Fill Pipe RESTRICTOR (Fr)
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) System
- Spark Controls (SPK)
- Air Injection System (AIS)
- Oxygen Sensor (O2)
- Computerized Engine Controls (CEC)
- Early Fuel Evaporation (EFE)
- Emission Maintenance Reminder Light (EMR) (If Equipped)
- Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
- Emission Control System Visual Inspection Procedures - General Information
- Electric Cooling Fan - EEC-V
- Cooling System (Mechanical)
- Engine Cooling System Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
- Bleeding
- Belt Adjustment
- Notes
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1998 3.0L WINDSTAR)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1998 3.8L WINDSTAR)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1999 4.2L)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1998 4.6L & 5.4)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1999 4.6L, 5.4L & 6.8L)
- Locating TENSIONER Wear Indicator (1999 7.3L Diesel)
- Drive Belt Routing
- Specifications
- Engine Cooling System Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
- Mechanical
- Engine - 3.8L V6 - VIN [4]
- Engine Identification
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Removal & Installation
- Overhaul
- Engine Oiling
- Torque Specifications
- Engine Specifications
- General Specifications
- Crankshaft, Main Bearings & Connecting Rod Bearings Specifications
- Connecting Rods Specifications
- Engine Pistons, Piston Pins & Piston Rings Specifications
- Cylinder Block Specifications
- Engine Valves & Valve Springs Specifications
- Valve Lifters Specifications
- Cylinder Head Specifications
- Camshaft Specifications
- Engine - 3.8L V6 - VIN [4]
- Starter
- Accessory Drive Belts
- Engine Performance
- Engine Controls - Adjustments 3.0L & 3.8L
- Application
- Emissions
- EGR Function Testing - Ford - Trucks
- Emission Applications
- Emission Control Abbreviations
- State Emission Standards - Diesel
- State Emission Standards - Gas
- ALASKA
- ARIZONA
- CALIFORNIA
- Colorado
- CONNECTICUT
- DELAWARE
- District Of COLUMBIA
- GEORGIA
- IDAHO
- ILLINOIS
- INDIANA
- KENTUCKY
- MARYLAND
- MASSACHUSETTS
- MISSOURI
- NEVADA
- New Jersey
- New MEXICO
- New YORK
- North CAROLINA
- OHIO
- OREGON
- PENNSYLVANIA
- RHODE Island
- TENNESSEE
- TEXAS
- UTAH
- VIRGINIA
- WASHINGTON
- WISCONSIN
- U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
- U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
- U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
- Mode 6 - 1998 Ford - Except Diesel
- Engine Controls - Pin Voltage Charts - 3.8L
- Remove, Overhaul & Install
- Engine Controls - Remove/Install/Overhaul - 3.8L
- Sensor Range Charts
- Specifications
- System
- Engine Controls - Basic Testing - WINDSTAR
- Engine Controls - System/Component Tests - WINDSTAR
- Engine Controls - Tests W/Codes - WINDSTAR
- Introduction
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Quick Test
- Additional System Functions
- Notes
- Parameter Identification (PID)
- On-Board System Readiness (OSR) Test Mode
- Freeze Frame Data Mode
- Output Test Mode
- Failure Mode Effects Management (FMEM)
- Hardware Limited Operational Strategy (HLOS)
- Drive Cycles
- OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
- Vehicle Preparation For OBD-II Or Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- OBD-II Drive Cycle
- Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Fuel Monitor Or HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Secondary Air Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Summary
- Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Reference Chart
- Circuit Tests
- Notes
- How To Use Circuit Tests
- Circuit Test A - No Start/Vehicle Will Not Start
- Circuit Test B - EEC-V Power Relay
- Circuit Test C - Reference Voltage
- Circuit Test DA - Temperature Sensor Test (IAT & ECT)
- Circuit Test Db - Engine Fuel Temperature (Eft) Sensor
- Circuit Test Dc - Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor
- Circuit Test Dd - Fuel Rail Pressure (FRP) Sensor
- Circuit Test Dg - Knock Sensor (KS)
- Circuit Test DH - Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Circuit Test DL - Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor
- Circuit Test DP - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Circuit Test Dr - Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
- Circuit Test DS - Air Conditioning Pressure (ACP) Sensor
- Circuit Test DT - Power Steering Pressure Switch (PSP)
- Circuit Test FB - Power Take Off (PTO)
- Circuit Test FD - Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
- Circuit Test Ff - Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch
- Circuit Test FG - Octane Adjust
- Circuit Test H - Fuel Control
- Circuit Test HC - Gasoline Fuel Delivery System
- Circuit Test Hd - Misfire Detection Monitor
- Circuit Test He - EGR System
- Circuit Test Hf - Catalyst Efficiency Monitor & Exhaust Systems
- Circuit Test Hg - PCV System
- Circuit Test HK - Variable Cam Timing (VCT)
- Circuit Test HM - Secondary Air Injection (Air) System
- Circuit Test HU - Air Intake System
- Circuit Test HX - Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor & System
- Circuit Test JB - Secondary Ignition
- Circuit Test JD - Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
- Circuit Test JE - Integrated Ignition Coil Failure
- Circuit Test JF - Integrated Ignition Coil On Plug Coil (Failure)
- Circuit Test JH - Tachometer Output Failure
- Circuit Test KA - Fuel Pump Relay
- Circuit Test Kb - Fuel Pump
- Circuit Test KE - Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
- Circuit Test KF - Fan Control (FC) Relay
- Circuit Test Km - Wot A/C Cut-Off (WAC)
- Circuit Test MB - Output Test Mode Not Functioning
- Circuit Test NB - Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
- Circuit Test NC - Ignition Diagnostic Monitor (IDM)
- Circuit Test ND - Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
- Circuit Test QA - Unable To Activate Self-Test/SCP Communication Error DTC Not Listed
- Circuit Test QB - Diagnostic Trouble Code P0603 Or P1605
- Circuit Test QC - OBD-II Monitor Testing Not Complete; Diagnostic Trouble Code P1000
- Circuit Test QD - Diagnostic Trouble Code P1260
- Circuit Test Ta - Park/Neutral Position (PNP) & Clutch Pedal (CPP) Position Switches
- Circuit Test Tb - Transmission Control Switch (TCS)/ Transmission Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL)
- Circuit Test Z - Intermittent
- Engine Controls - Tests W/O Codes
- Introduction
- Symptoms
- Notes
- Symptom Diagnosis
- No Crank
- Hard Start/Long Crank
- No Start/Normal Crank
- Slow Return To Idle
- High Idle (Diesels/Runs On)
- Low Idle (Stalls On Deceleration)
- Rough Idle, Stalls, Misses, Hesitation Or Surge
- Backfires
- Loss Of Power
- Spark Knock
- Poor Fuel Economy
- Emissions Compliance
- Warning Indicator Lights
- Improper Automatic Transmission Shift
- Tachometer, Speedometer Or Fuel Gauge Inoperative
- High Oil Consumption
- Electric Cooling Fan Does Not Run At Low/& Or High Speed
- Electric Cooling Fan Always On
- Exhaust Smoke
- Fuel Smell
- Engine Noise
- Climate Control (Lack Of Cooling)
- Climate Control (A/C Always On)
- A/C Does Not Go Off During Wot
- BRAKELIGHTS Always On Or Off
- Sulfur Smell
- Fuel Pump Always On
- INTERMITTENTS
- Testing & Diagnosis
- Engine Controls - Basic Testing - WINDSTAR
- Engine Controls - System/Component Tests - WINDSTAR
- Engine Controls - Tests W/Codes - WINDSTAR
- Introduction
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Quick Test
- Additional System Functions
- Notes
- Parameter Identification (PID)
- On-Board System Readiness (OSR) Test Mode
- Freeze Frame Data Mode
- Output Test Mode
- Failure Mode Effects Management (FMEM)
- Hardware Limited Operational Strategy (HLOS)
- Drive Cycles
- OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
- Vehicle Preparation For OBD-II Or Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- OBD-II Drive Cycle
- Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Fuel Monitor Or HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Secondary Air Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
- Summary
- Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Reference Chart
- Circuit Tests
- Notes
- How To Use Circuit Tests
- Circuit Test A - No Start/Vehicle Will Not Start
- Circuit Test B - EEC-V Power Relay
- Circuit Test C - Reference Voltage
- Circuit Test DA - Temperature Sensor Test (IAT & ECT)
- Circuit Test Db - Engine Fuel Temperature (Eft) Sensor
- Circuit Test Dc - Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor
- Circuit Test Dd - Fuel Rail Pressure (FRP) Sensor
- Circuit Test Dg - Knock Sensor (KS)
- Circuit Test DH - Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Circuit Test DL - Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor
- Circuit Test DP - Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Circuit Test Dr - Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
- Circuit Test DS - Air Conditioning Pressure (ACP) Sensor
- Circuit Test DT - Power Steering Pressure Switch (PSP)
- Circuit Test FB - Power Take Off (PTO)
- Circuit Test FD - Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
- Circuit Test Ff - Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch
- Circuit Test FG - Octane Adjust
- Circuit Test H - Fuel Control
- Circuit Test HC - Gasoline Fuel Delivery System
- Circuit Test Hd - Misfire Detection Monitor
- Circuit Test He - EGR System
- Circuit Test Hf - Catalyst Efficiency Monitor & Exhaust Systems
- Circuit Test Hg - PCV System
- Circuit Test HK - Variable Cam Timing (VCT)
- Circuit Test HM - Secondary Air Injection (Air) System
- Circuit Test HU - Air Intake System
- Circuit Test HX - Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor & System
- Circuit Test JB - Secondary Ignition
- Circuit Test JD - Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
- Circuit Test JE - Integrated Ignition Coil Failure
- Circuit Test JF - Integrated Ignition Coil On Plug Coil (Failure)
- Circuit Test JH - Tachometer Output Failure
- Circuit Test KA - Fuel Pump Relay
- Circuit Test Kb - Fuel Pump
- Circuit Test KE - Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
- Circuit Test KF - Fan Control (FC) Relay
- Circuit Test Km - Wot A/C Cut-Off (WAC)
- Circuit Test MB - Output Test Mode Not Functioning
- Circuit Test NB - Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
- Circuit Test NC - Ignition Diagnostic Monitor (IDM)
- Circuit Test ND - Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
- Circuit Test QA - Unable To Activate Self-Test/SCP Communication Error DTC Not Listed
- Circuit Test QB - Diagnostic Trouble Code P0603 Or P1605
- Circuit Test QC - OBD-II Monitor Testing Not Complete; Diagnostic Trouble Code P1000
- Circuit Test QD - Diagnostic Trouble Code P1260
- Circuit Test Ta - Park/Neutral Position (PNP) & Clutch Pedal (CPP) Position Switches
- Circuit Test Tb - Transmission Control Switch (TCS)/ Transmission Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL)
- Circuit Test Z - Intermittent
- Engine Controls - Tests W/O Codes
- Introduction
- Symptoms
- Notes
- Symptom Diagnosis
- No Crank
- Hard Start/Long Crank
- No Start/Normal Crank
- Slow Return To Idle
- High Idle (Diesels/Runs On)
- Low Idle (Stalls On Deceleration)
- Rough Idle, Stalls, Misses, Hesitation Or Surge
- Backfires
- Loss Of Power
- Spark Knock
- Poor Fuel Economy
- Emissions Compliance
- Warning Indicator Lights
- Improper Automatic Transmission Shift
- Tachometer, Speedometer Or Fuel Gauge Inoperative
- High Oil Consumption
- Electric Cooling Fan Does Not Run At Low/& Or High Speed
- Electric Cooling Fan Always On
- Exhaust Smoke
- Fuel Smell
- Engine Noise
- Climate Control (Lack Of Cooling)
- Climate Control (A/C Always On)
- A/C Does Not Go Off During Wot
- BRAKELIGHTS Always On Or Off
- Sulfur Smell
- Fuel Pump Always On
- INTERMITTENTS
- Theory and Operation
- Engine Controls - Theory & Operation - WINDSTAR
- Introduction
- Computerized Engine Controls
- Powertrain Control Module (Pcm)
- Fuel Pump Driver Module (FPDM)
- Input Devices
- Notes
- A/C Cycling Switch (ACCS)
- A/C Pressure Sensor
- A/C High Pressure Switch
- Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
- Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
- Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) Switch
- Coolant Temperature Sensor
- Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
- Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor
- Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) Sensor
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Engine Fuel Temperature (EFT) Sensor
- Fuel Pump Monitor (Models Without Fuel Pump Driver Module)
- Fuel Pump Monitor (Models With Fuel Pump Driver Module)
- Fuel Rail Pressure (FRP) Sensor
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
- Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
- Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor
- Octane Adjust Shorting Bar
- Park/Neutral Position (PNP) Switch
- Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Sensor
- Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch
- Power Take-Off (PTO) Switch
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Transmission Control Switch (TCS)
- Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Output Signals
- Fuel System (Gasoline)
- Ignition System
- Emission Systems
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Engine Controls - Theory & Operation - WINDSTAR
- Vacuum Diagrams
- Wiring Diagrams - 3.8L
- General Information
- Abbreviations
- Basic Trouble Shooting
- Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
- Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
- Emission Control Abbreviations
- Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
- Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
- Map - Brake Systems
- Brake Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Accelerometers
- Accumulators
- Anchor Pins
- Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
- Anti-Lock Brake Controller
- Anti-Lock Brake Systems
- Axle Seal
- Backing Plates
- Bleeder Screw
- Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
- Brake Fluid
- Brake Friction Material
- Brake On - Off Switch
- Brake Pads
- Brake Pedals
- Brake Shoe Hardware
- Brake Shoes
- Brake Stoplight Switches
- Brake Warning Light (Amber)
- Brake Warning Light (Red)
- Bulb Sockets
- Bulbs And LEDS
- Caliper Hardware
- Caliper Mounting Pin
- Caliper Piston
- Caliper Shim
- Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
- Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
- Calipers
- Combination Valve
- Controllers
- Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
- Disable Switches
- Drums
- Electrical Brake Pumps
- Electrical Park Motor
- Electrical Pumps And Motors
- Electro-Magnetic Interference
- Electronic Brake Control Modulator
- Electronic Brake Distribution
- Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
- Electronic Controllers
- Electronic Traction Control
- External Brake Cable
- Flow Control Valve
- Fluid Level Sensor Switches
- Fluid
- Four Wheel Drive Switches
- Friction Material
- G Sensors
- Gaskets
- Gravitational Switches
- Grease Seal
- Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
- High Pressure Accumulator
- Hoses
- Hub
- Hydraulic Control Unit
- Hydraulic Modulators
- Hydro-Boosters
- Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
- Ignition Disable Switches
- Lamp Driver Relay
- Lateral Acceleration Switches
- LEDS
- Lenses
- Low Pressure Accumulator
- Lug Nut
- Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
- Master Cylinders
- Modulators
- Motor Pack
- Motors
- Pads
- Parking Brake Cable
- Parking Brake Mechanism
- Parking Brake Shoes
- Parking Brake Switches
- Parking Brake Systems
- Pedal Travel Switches
- Pedals
- Power Distribution Center
- POWERMASTER
- Pressure Differential Switches
- Pressure Switches
- Pressure Transducers
- Proportioning Valve
- Pumps
- Relays
- RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
- Rotors
- Self-Adjusting Systems
- Shoe Hardware
- Shoes
- Sockets
- Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
- Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
- Star Wheel
- Steel Brake Lines
- Stoplight Switches
- Stroke Sensor
- Switches
- Tires
- Tone Ring
- Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
- Traction Control System (TCS)
- Transfer Tubes
- Vacuum Boosters
- Vacuum Hoses
- Valves
- Wear Indicator
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
- Wheel Cylinders
- Wiring Harnesses
- Yaw Rate Sensor
- Brake System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Brake Systems
- Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Maintenance Overview
- Antifreeze/Coolant
- Visual Inspection
- Radiator Cap Test
- Engine Fan
- Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
- Belts (Except Timing Belts)
- Belt TENSIONER
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
- Engine Oil
- Air Filters
- Cabin Air Filter
- Brake Fluid
- Battery
- Battery Cables
- Power Steering
- Power Steering Fluid
- Wiper Blades
- Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
- Routine Inspection - UICS
- Brake Systems
- Drivetrain And Transmission
- Notes
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Clutch Master Cylinders
- Cooler Lines
- Coolers
- Differential Fluid
- Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Filters And Screens
- Fluids And Lubricants
- Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
- Hydraulic Fluid
- Lubricants
- Manual Transmission Fluid
- Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
- Transfer Case Fluid
- Vacuum Hoses
- Electrical Systems
- Engine Performance And Maintenance
- Notes
- Accessory Belts
- Air Filter Elements
- Air Filter Gaskets
- Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
- Air Pump Belts
- Batteries
- Battery Connectors
- Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
- Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
- Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Combustion Chamber Cleaning
- Coolant Recovery Tanks
- Coolant
- Distributor Caps
- Distributor Rotors
- Engine Cooling Systems
- Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
- Engine Oil
- Fuel Filters
- Fuel Injector Cleaning
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel System Cleaning Service
- Hose Clamps
- Hose Connectors
- Hose Couplers
- Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
- Ignition Wires (Secondary)
- Intake Cleaning
- O2 Sensors
- PCV Breather Elements
- PCV Valves
- Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Spark Plugs
- Thermostats And Housings
- Throttle Body Cleaning
- Timing Belts
- Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
- Exhaust Systems
- Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
- Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
- Wheel & Tire Supplement
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Check Lists
- Computer Relearn Procedures
- OBD-II Drive Cycles
- 1996-99 Gasoline Models (Except Villager)
- 1996 Villager
- 1997-99 Villager
- 2000-04 Gasoline Models
- 2005-09 Gasoline Models
- 2010-12 Gasoline Models (Except Fiesta)
- 2011-12 Fiesta
- 2003-07 6.0L Diesel
- 2008-10 6.4L Diesel
- 2011-12 6.7L Diesel
- 1996-03 7.3L Diesel
- 2005-09 Hybrid
- 2005-12 Escape Hybrid
- 2011-12 Fusion Hybrid
- Driveline/Axles
- Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
- Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
- Map - Drive Train & Transmission
- Drive Train & Transmission Systems
- Drivetrain And Transmission
- Notes
- Actuators (Electrical)
- Actuators (Vacuum)
- Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Axles
- Bearings And Races
- Bell Cranks
- Bell Housings
- Bushings (External)
- Cables (Speedometer)
- Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
- Carrier Bearings
- Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
- Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
- Clutch Forks
- Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
- Clutch Master Cylinders
- Clutch Pedals
- Clutch Pivots
- Clutch Pressure Plates
- Clutch Release Bearings
- Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
- Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
- Companion Flanges
- Connectors
- Cooler Bypass Valves
- Cooler Lines
- Coolers
- CV Joints
- Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
- Differential Fluid
- Dip Stick Tubes
- Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
- Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
- Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Drive Shaft Flanges
- Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
- Dust Boots
- Engine Mounts
- Exciter Rings
- Filler Tubes
- Filters And Screens
- Flanges
- Flex Plates
- Fluid Level Indicators
- Fluids And Lubricants
- Flywheels
- Force Motors
- Gaskets
- Guides
- Half Shafts
- Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
- Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
- Hydraulic Fluid
- Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
- Key Interlock Systems
- Limited Slips
- Lines
- Linkages (External)
- Locking Hub Assemblies
- Locking Hub Control Knobs
- Lubricants
- Manual Transmission Fluid
- Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
- Metal Clad Seals
- METALASTIC Joints
- Modulator Pins
- Modulators
- Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
- Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
- Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
- Oil Pans
- Pans
- Pilot Holes
- Pressure Plates
- Pressure Switches
- Races
- Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
- Screens
- Seals (Metal Clad)
- Seals
- Selector Interlock Systems
- Sensors
- Servos
- Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
- Side Covers
- Slip Yokes
- Solenoids
- Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
- Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
- Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
- Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
- Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
- Switches
- Tone Wheels
- Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
- Torque Converters
- Transaxle Mounts
- Transducers (Transmission)
- Transfer Case Assemblies
- Transfer Case Fluid
- Transmission Coolers
- Transmission Mounts
- Transmission Pans
- Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
- Tubes
- Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
- Vacuum Controls
- Vacuum Hoses
- Vacuum Motors
- Vacuum-Operated Switches
- Vehicle Speed Sensors
- Vents
- Vibration Dampers
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Speed Sensors
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Yokes And Slip Yokes
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
- DTC Index
- Air Bag Restraint Systems DTCS
- Anti-Lock Brakes DTCS
- Anti-Theft Systems (Active) DTCS
- Automatic Transmission Electronic Control Diagnosis DTCS
- Electronic Cooling Fans DTCS
- Instrument Panels (Analog) DTCS
- Power Door Locks DTCS
- Remote Keyless Entry Systems DTCS
- Self-Diagnostics DTCS
- Steering Column Switches DTCS
- Suspension (Electronic) DTCS
- Electrical
- Map - Electrical Systems
- Electrical Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Actuator Motors (Electric)
- Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
- Air Bags
- Alternators And Generators
- Amplifiers
- Antennas
- Batteries
- Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
- Battery Cables
- Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
- Battery Wires
- Belts
- Bulb Sockets
- Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
- Cd Players
- Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
- Circuit Breakers
- Clutch Switches
- Connectors
- Control Modules
- Cruise Control Brake Switches
- Cruise Control Cables
- Cruise Control Clutch Switches
- Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
- Cruise Control Reservoirs
- Cruise Control Tubes
- Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
- Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
- Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
- Defoggers
- Defrosters
- Delays
- Dimmers
- Electric Heaters
- Equalizers
- Fuse Blocks
- Fuse Boxes And Blocks
- Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
- Fusible Links
- Gauges
- Generators
- Ground Cables And Straps
- Ground Straps
- Headlight Adjusters
- Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
- Horns And Sirens
- Ignition Switches
- Indicator Lights
- Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
- Keyless Entry Transmitters
- LEDS
- Lenses
- Microphones
- Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
- Motors
- Neutral Safety Switches
- Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
- Odometers
- Power Distribution Center
- Pulleys
- Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
- Relay Boxes
- Relays
- Sealed Beams
- Seat Heaters
- Security Alarm Sensors
- Sirens
- Solenoids
- Speakers And Microphones
- Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
- Speedometer Cables
- Speedometers
- Starters
- Sub-Woofer Volume Control
- Switches
- Tachometer Cables
- Tachometers
- Tape Players And Cd Players
- TENSIONERS
- Timers
- Transceivers
- Transducers
- Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
- Voltage Regulators
- Washer Fluid Level Senders
- Washer Pumps
- Wiper Arms And Blades
- Wiper Blades
- Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
- Wiper Linkages
- Wiper Nozzles
- Wiper Pump Reservoirs
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Electrical Systems
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- Map - Electrical Systems
- Engine
- Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Description
- Engine Identification
- Inspection Procedures
- Cleaning Procedures
- Component Cleaning
- Cylinder Head Replacement
- Cylinder Head Overhaul
- Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
- Crankshaft & Main Bearings
- Camshaft
- Timing Chains & Belts
- Timing Gears
- Oil Pump
- Break-In Procedure
- General Cooling System Service - General Information
- Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
- Engine Performance
- Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
- Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
- Engine Performance Safety Precautions
- Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
- Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
- Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
- Engine Performance And Maintenance
- Notes
- Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
- Accessory Belts
- Accessory Pulleys
- Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
- Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
- Air Ducts And Tubes
- Air Filter Elements
- Air Filter Gaskets
- Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
- Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
- Air Injection Control Solenoids
- Air Plenums
- Air Pump Belts
- Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
- Air Tubes
- Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
- Baffles
- Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
- Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
- Barometric Pressure Sensors
- Batteries
- Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
- Battery Connectors
- Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
- Battery Wires
- Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
- Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
- Belt-Driven Air Pumps
- Boost Control Mechanism
- Camshaft Position Sensors
- Carburetors And Chokes
- Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
- Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
- Check Valves
- Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Chokes
- Clutch Pedal Position Switches
- Cold Start Injectors
- Combustion Chamber Cleaning
- Connectors
- Coolant Recovery Tanks
- Coolant
- Cooling Fan Motor Modules
- Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
- Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
- Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
- Cooling Fan Motor Switches
- Cooling Fan Motors
- Crankshaft Position Sensors
- Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
- Cylinder Head Assemblies
- DECEL Valves
- Deflectors
- Dip Stick Tubes
- Dip Sticks And Tubes
- Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
- Distributor Boots And Shields
- Distributor Caps
- Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
- Distributor Rotors
- Distributor Shields
- Distributors
- Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
- EGR Coolers
- EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
- EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
- EGR Plates And Coolers
- Electronic Spark Control Modules
- Electronic Transmission Control Devices
- Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
- Engine Cooling Systems
- Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
- Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Engine Oil Canisters
- Engine Oil Coolers (External)
- Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
- Engine Oil Gaskets
- Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
- Engine Oil
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
- Expansion Plugs
- Fan Control Sensor
- Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
- Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
- Fuel Caps
- Fuel Dampers
- Fuel Delivery Check Valves
- Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
- Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
- Fuel Filters
- Fuel Injector Cleaning
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel Level Senders
- Fuel Pressure Regulators
- Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
- Fuel Rails
- Fuel RESTRICTORS
- Fuel System Cleaning Service
- Fuel Tanks
- Fuel
- Gaskets
- Grommets (Valve Cover)
- Harmonic Dampers
- Heater Control Valves
- Heater Cores
- Hose Clamps
- Hose Connectors
- Hose Couplers
- Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
- Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
- Housings
- Idle Air Controls
- Idle Speed Control Actuators
- Ignition Boots
- Ignition Coil Towers
- Ignition Coils
- Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
- Ignition Switches
- Ignition Terminals
- Ignition Wires (Secondary)
- Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
- Intake Air Temperature Sensors
- Intake Cleaning
- Intake Manifolds
- In-Tank Fuel Strainers
- INTERCOOLERS
- Knock Sensors
- Liquid Vapor Separators
- Long Block Assemblies
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
- Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
- Metal Air Pipes
- Mix Control Solenoids
- Motor Mounts
- O2 Sensors
- Oil Pans
- Oil Pressure Sending Units
- Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
- Oil Pumps
- O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
- Park Neutral Position Switches
- PCV Breather Elements
- PCV Orifices
- PCV Valves
- Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
- Power Steering Pressure Sensors
- Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
- Powertrain Control Prom
- Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
- Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
- Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Radiators
- Roll Over Valves
- Sealing Compounds
- Seals
- Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
- Sensors
- Short Block Assemblies
- Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
- Spark Plugs
- Spring Locks
- Super Chargers
- Switches
- Thermal Vacuum Valves
- Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
- Thermostats And Housings
- Throttle Bodies
- Throttle Body Cleaning
- Throttle Cables
- Throttle Linkages And Cables
- Throttle Position Sensors
- Throttle Position Switches
- Timing Belt Sprockets
- Timing Belts
- Timing Covers
- Torque Struts
- Transmission Range Switches
- Tube Clamps
- Tube Connectors
- Tube Couplers
- Tubes
- Turbo Chargers
- Vacuum Connections
- Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
- Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
- Vacuum Tubes
- Valve Covers
- Vehicle Speed Senors
- Volume Air Flow Sensors
- Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
- Waste Gate Control Solenoids
- Water Pumps (Electric)
- Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
- State Emission Standards - Diesel
- State Emission Standards - Gas
- ALASKA
- ARIZONA
- CALIFORNIA
- Colorado
- CONNECTICUT
- DELAWARE
- District Of COLUMBIA
- GEORGIA
- IDAHO
- ILLINOIS
- INDIANA
- KENTUCKY
- MARYLAND
- MASSACHUSETTS
- MISSOURI
- NEVADA
- New Jersey
- New MEXICO
- New YORK
- North CAROLINA
- OHIO
- OREGON
- PENNSYLVANIA
- RHODE Island
- TENNESSEE
- TEXAS
- UTAH
- VIRGINIA
- WASHINGTON
- WISCONSIN
- U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
- U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
- U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
- Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Purpose Of This Article
- Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
- The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
- The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
- Interpreting Injector Waveforms
- Current Waveform Samples
- Notes
- Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
- Voltage Waveform Samples
- Notes
- Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
- Map - Exhaust Systems
- Exhaust Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Catalytic Converters
- Exhaust And Tail Pipes
- Exhaust Connections
- Hangers
- Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
- Heat Shields
- Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
- Mechanical EFE Devices
- Muffler Valve
- Mufflers And Resonators
- Reason Code Explanation
- Exhaust Systems
- Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
- Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Accumulators
- Actuators (Electrical)
- Actuators (Vacuum)
- Air Conditioning Fittings
- Air Conditioning Hoses
- Air Conditioning Metal Lines
- Air Control Doors
- Air Dams (External)
- Air Distribution System
- Belts
- Blend Doors
- Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
- Blower Motors
- Blower Resistors
- Blower Switches
- Cabin Air Filters
- Circuit Breakers
- Compressor Clutch Assemblies
- Compressors
- Condenser Air Seals
- Condenser Fan Motors
- Condensers
- Connectors
- Control Cables
- Control Heads (Function Selectors)
- Control Linkages
- Control Modules
- Coolant
- Cooling Fan Blades
- Cooling Fan Clutches
- Cooling Fan Motors
- Evaporator Drain Tubes
- Evaporator Filters
- Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
- Evaporators
- Expansion Valves
- Function Selectors
- Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
- Fusible Links
- Gaskets
- Heater Cases
- Heater Control Valves
- Heater Cores
- Heater Hoses
- High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
- Idlers
- In-Line Filters
- Metal Fittings
- Metal Lines
- Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
- ORIFACE Tubes
- O-Rings
- Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
- Plenums
- Pressure Control Valves
- Pressure Sensors
- Pulleys
- Radiators
- Receiver-DRIERS
- Refrigerant Oil
- Refrigerant
- Relays
- Seals
- Service Ports
- Spring Lock Couplings
- Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
- Switches (Electrical)
- TENSIONERS
- Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
- Thermostats And Housings
- Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
- Vacuum Reservoirs
- Vacuum Tubes
- Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
- Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
- Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
- Identification
- Metric Conversions
- OEM General Information
- How To Use The Engine Performance Section
- Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
- A/C Filter Service Reminder
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder
- Notes
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 11
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 12
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 13
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 14
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 15
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 16
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 17
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 18
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 19
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 20
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 21
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 22
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 23
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 24
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 25
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 26
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 27
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 28
- Maintenance Service Reminder (Overhead Warning Lights)
- Maintenance Service Reminder (Sri)
- Maintenance Service Reminder (VMM)
- Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
- Notes
- Tire Pressure Sensor Types
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
- Restraints
- Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System Deactivation Procedures
- Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
- CHRYSLER Corp.
- Ford Motor Co.
- Notes
- System Operation Check
- Service Precautions
- Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
- Notes
- Disabling System (Continental, Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis & Town Car)
- Activating System
- Disabling System (Contour, Mystique & Windstar)
- Disabling System (Escort, Escort Coupe, "F" Series Pickups & Tracer)
- Disabling System ("E" Series Vans With One Battery)
- Disabling System ("E" Series Vans With Dual Batteries)
- Disabling System (Explorer, Expedition, Mountaineer, Navigator & Ranger)
- Disabling System (Mark VIII, Mustang, Sable & Taurus)
- Disabling System (Villager)
- Driver-Side Air Bag Module
- Removal & Installation (Expedition, Explorer, "E" Series Vans, "F" Series Pickups, Mountaineer, Navigator & Ranger)
- Removal & Installation (Continental, Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis, Mark VIII, Mustang, Sable, Taurus & Town Car)
- Removal & Installation (Contour & Mystique)
- Removal & Installation (Escort, Escort Coupe & Tracer)
- Removal & Installation (Windstar)
- Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
- Removal & Installation (Continental, Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis & Town Car)
- Removal & Installation (Contour & Mystique)
- Removal & Installation ("E" Series Vans)
- Removal & Installation (Expedition, "F" Series Pickups & Navigator)
- Removal & Installation (Explorer & Mountaineer)
- Removal & Installation (Escort, Escort Coupe & Tracer)
- Removal & Installation (Mark VIII)
- Removal & Installation (Mustang & Ranger)
- Removal & Installation (Sable & Taurus)
- Removal & Installation (Windstar)
- Torque Specifications
- General Motors
- Notes
- System Operation Check
- Service Precautions
- Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
- Notes
- Disabling & Activating System (Corvette)
- Disabling & Activating System (Catera)
- Disabling & Activating System (Concours, DeVille, Eldorado & Seville)
- Disabling & Activating System (Cutlass & Malibu)
- Disabling & Activating System (Grand Prix)
- Disabling & Activating System (Lumina & Monte Carlo)
- Disabling & Activating System (Metro, Firefly (Canadian) & Tracker)
- Disabling & Activating System (Prizm)
- Disabling & Activating System (Saturn)
- Disabling & Activating System (Silhouette, Trans Sport & Venture)
- Disabling & Activating System (All Other Models)
- Jeep
- Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System Deactivation Procedures
- Specifications Index
- Steering
- Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
- Steering & Suspension Systems
- Wheel And Tire
- Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
- Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
- Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
- Notes
- Active Handling
- Active Suspension Control Modules
- Active Variable Ratio Steering
- Active Yaw Control
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Advance TRAC
- Air Bags
- Air Ride Control Modules
- Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
- Air Ride Suspension
- Air Ride Tubes
- Air Shocks And Air Struts
- Air Spring Valves
- Air Springs
- Air Suspension Control Valves
- Air Suspension DRIERS
- Axle Acceleration Sensor
- Ball Joints
- Body Acceleration Sensor
- Bushings
- Center Links
- Compressors
- Continuous Damping Control
- Control Arm Shafts
- Control Arms
- Control Modules
- Distance Regulation Control Module
- Distance Regulation Sensor
- Drag Links
- Dynamic Stability Control
- Dynamic Stability Traction Control
- Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
- Electronic Stability Control
- Electronic Suspension System
- Flex Couplers
- Gaskets
- Height Sensors
- Hydraulic Hoses
- Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
- Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
- Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
- Idler Arms
- Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
- King Pins
- Modules
- Pitman Arms
- Power Steering Belts
- Power Steering Coolers
- Power Steering Fluid
- Power Steering Hoses
- Power Steering Lines (Steel)
- Power Steering Pumps - Electric
- Power Steering Pumps
- Radar Sensor
- Radius Arms
- Relay Rods
- Relays
- Sensors
- Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
- Spindles
- Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
- STABILITRAC
- Stability Management System
- Steering Angle Sensor
- Steering Arms
- Steering Couplers
- Steering Dampers
- Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
- Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
- Steering Knuckles
- Strike Out Bumpers
- Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
- Strut Rods
- Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
- Sway Bar Links
- Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
- Sway Bars
- Switches
- Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System
- Tire Pressure Sensors
- Tires
- Torque Sensor
- Torsion Springs
- Track Bar Bushings
- Track Bars
- Trailing Arm Bushings
- Trailing Arms
- Valve Stems
- Vehicle Dynamics Control
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Vehicle Stability Assist
- Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
- Warning Lamps
- Wheel Alignment
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
- Wheels (Rims)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
- Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
- Traction Control Disable Procedures
- Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
- Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
- General Servicing
- Cabin Air Filter (Special Applications) - General Information
- HVAC - System General Servicing
- Refrigerant Oil & Refrigerant Capacity Specifications
- USING R-134a REFRIGERANT
- System Service Valves
- Service Equipment
- Manifold Gauge Set
- Pressure-Temperature Relationship
- Pressure Gauge Readings
- Orifice Tube Replacement
- Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling
- Flushing A/C System
- Evacuating A/C System
- Charging A/C System
- Leak Testing
- HVAC System - Compressor Refrigerant Oil Checking
- HVAC System - Compressor Servicing
- HVAC System - Specifications
- HVAC Control Systems
- HVAC System
- Description & Operation
- On-Vehicle Service
- Trouble Shooting
- System Tests
- Component Tests
- Removal & Installation
- Notes
- Control Assembly
- Control Assembly Illumination Bulbs
- Heater Blower Motor Switch Knob
- Heater Blower Motor Switch
- Temperature Control Potentiometer
- Function Selector Switch
- Instrument Panel Register Assembly
- Evaporator Housing
- Heater Core
- Recirculating Air Duct
- Windshield Defroster Nozzle & Demister
- Heater Outlet Floor Duct
- Air Inlet Duct
- Instrument Panel Duct
- Heater Blower Motor And Blower Motor Wheel Assembly
- Heater Blower Motor Resistor Assembly
- Heater Blower Motor Thermal Limiter
- Heater Air Inlet Duct Door
- Heater Air Damper Door
- Windshield Defroster Door
- Vacuum Control Motors (Windshield Defrost/Floor Door)
- Vacuum Control Motors (Panel/Floor Door)
- Vacuum Control Motors (Air Inlet/RECIRCULATION Door)
- Side Window Demister & Hose
- Heater Water Hoses
- Torque Specifications
- Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
- Wiring Diagrams
- Special Tools
- HVAC System Diagnosis - Manual
- *Please Read This First*
- A/C System Specifications
- Description
- Operation
- Trouble Shooting
- * Please Read First *
- Preliminary Inspection
- Symptom Diagnosis
- Improper Or Erratic Direction Of Airflow
- Insufficient, Erratic Or No Heat
- A/C Is Always On
- Insufficient A/C Cooling
- Engine Cooling Fan Does Not Operate When A/C Is Activated
- Electronic Blend Door Actuator Inoperative, Intermittent, Or Improper Operation
- A/C Does Not Operate/Does Not Operate Properly
- No Main Blower Operation In All Blower Settings
- Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate At Some Speeds
- Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate Using Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch
- Auxiliary VENT Position Will Not Change
- No Or Insufficient Heat When Auxiliary Blower Is On & Temp. Control Knob Is Set To Warm Position
- Test A: Improper/Erratic Airflow From Outlets
- Test B: Insufficient, Erratic Or No Heat
- Test C: Engine Cooling Fan Does Not Operate When A/C Is Activated
- Test D: Electronic Blend Door Actuator Inoperative, Intermittent Or Improper Operation
- Test E: A/C Does Not Operate Or Does Not Operate Properly
- Test F: No Main Blower Motor Operation In All Blower Settings
- No Main Blower Motor Operation In High Blower Setting
- Main Blower Operates In High Speed Only
- Auxiliary Blower Does Not Operate
- Test K: Auxiliary Blower Does Not Operate At Some Speeds
- Test L: Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate Using Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch
- Test M: Auxiliary Vent Position Will Not Change
- Test N: Insufficient Cooling From Auxiliary A/C System
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- * Please Read First *
- Condenser
- Accumulator-Drier
- Compressor
- Control Panel
- Evaporator Unit
- Fixed Orifice Tube
- Main Heater Unit
- Main Blower Motor Assembly
- Main Blower Motor Resistor
- Auxiliary A/C-Heater Unit
- Auxiliary Blower Motor Assembly
- Auxiliary Blower Motor Resistor
- Auxiliary Heater & Evaporator Cores
- Thermostatic Expansion Valve
- Auxiliary Evaporator Core Filter
- Instrument Panel
- Electric Temperature Blend Door Actuator
- Vacuum Control Motors
- Torque Specifications
- Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
- Wiring Diagrams
- HVAC System
- General Servicing
- Maintenance
- Procedures
- Maintenance Information
- Model Identification
- Maintenance Service Information
- Service Point Locations
- Lubrication Specifications
- Fluid Capacities
- Wheel & Tire Specifications
- Battery Specifications
- Cautions & Warnings
- Supplemental Restraint System (Air Bag System)
- Air Conditioning Servicing
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Replacing Blown Fuses
- Brake Pad Wear Indicator
- Catalytic Converter
- Coolant (Propylene-Glycol Formulations)
- Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive (ESD) Parts
- Fuel Pump Shutoff Switch
- Fuel System Service
- Halogen Bulbs
- Methanol Gasoline
- Radiator Cap
- Radiator Fan
- Spark Plugs
- Tire Sealants
- Traction Control System (If Equipped)
- Warranty Information
- Fuses & Circuit Breakers
- Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
- A/C Filter Service Reminder
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder
- Notes
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 11
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 12
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 13
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 14
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 15
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 16
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 17
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 18
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 19
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 20
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 21
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 22
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 23
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 24
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 25
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 26
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 27
- Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 28
- Maintenance Service Reminder (Overhead Warning Lights)
- Maintenance Service Reminder (Sri)
- Maintenance Service Reminder (VMM)
- Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
- Notes
- Tire Pressure Sensor Types
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
- TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
- Maintenance Information
- Procedures
- Restraints
- Air Bag, SRS
- Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System
- Description & Operation
- Servicing
- Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
- Post-Collision Inspection
- Adjustments
- Disposal Procedures
- Removal & Installation
- Diagnosis & Testing
- Diagnostic Tests
- Test A: System Disarm Failure Or Internal Diagnostic Monitor Fault (DTC B1342, B1924)
- Test B: No Communication With Diagnostic Monitor
- Test C: Air Bag Warning Light Inoperative Or Inoperative Light Circuit Or No Ignition Voltage To Diagnostic Monitor (DTC B1869)
- Test D: Air Bag Warning Light On Continuously
- Test E: Air Bag Warning Light Flashing Continuously
- Test F: Low Battery Voltage (DTC B1867)
- Test G: Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1913)
- Test H: Impact Sensor Short To Ground (DTC B1914)
- Test I: Diagnostic Monitor Ground Circuit Open Or Not Mounted To Vehicle Properly (DTC B1921)
- Test J: SAFING Sensor Output Circuit Short To Battery Voltage (DTC B1922)
- Test K: Memory Clear Circuit Improperly Grounded (DTC B1923)
- Test L: Driver Air Bag Module High Resistance Or Open (DTC B1932)
- Test M: Passenger Air Bag Module High Resistance Or Open (DTC B1933)
- Test N: Driver Air Bag Module Low Resistance Or Shorted (DTC B1934)
- Test O: Passenger Air Bag Module Low Resistance Or Shorted (DTC B1935)
- Test P: Right Impact Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open (DTC B1941)
- Test Q: Left Impact Sensor Feed/Return Circuit Open (DTC B1942)
- Test R: Right Impact Sensor Not Mounted To Vehicle Properly Or Ground Circuit Open (DTC B1944)
- Test S: Left Impact Sensor Not Mounted To Vehicle Properly Or Ground Circuit Open (DTC B1945)
- Test T: Module Communication Error
- Wire Repair
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagrams
- Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System -- Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
- Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System
- Restraints Control Systems
- Seat Belts
- Air Bag, SRS
- Steering
- Manual Steering
- Power Steering
- Steering Columns
- Description & Operation
- Service Precautions
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Removal & Installation
- Notes
- Air Bag Sliding Contact
- Column Gearshift Lever
- Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
- Intermediate Steering Shaft
- Lower Bearing Retainer
- Lower Steering Column Shroud
- Multi-Function Switch
- Steering Column Absorber
- Steering Column (Tilt)
- Steering Column Lock Cylinder
- Steering Wheel
- Tilt Lock Lever
- Universal Joint
- Upper Steering Column Shroud
- Overhaul
- Special Tools
- Torque Specifications
- Suspension
- Electronic Suspension System
- Description
- Operation
- Notes
- Component Locations
- Air Compressor Assembly
- Air Compressor Motor (Solid State) Relay
- Air Compressor Vent Solenoid
- Air Spring (Right & Left)
- Air Spring Solenoid Valve
- Air Suspension Height Sensor
- Air Suspension Switch
- Data Link Connector (DLC)
- Door Ajar Switch
- Generic Electronic Module (GEM)
- Lamp Switch (Door Ajar Switch)
- Rear Air Suspension (RAS) Warning Light
- Air Compressor
- Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
- Height Sensor
- Adjustments
- Diagnosis & Testing
- Diagnostic Tests
- Notes
- Test A: No Communication With Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
- Test B: Height Sensor Power Signal Circuit Failure
- Test C: Vent Solenoid Circuit Failure
- Test D: Air Spring Solenoid Valve Circuit Failure
- Test E: Air Compressor Coil Relay Circuit Failure
- Test F: Warning Light Circuit Failure
- Test G: Air Suspension Switch Circuit Failure
- Test H: Height Sensor High Or Low Signal Circuit Failure
- Test J: Compressor &/Or Vent Exceed Maximum Timing
- Test K: No Speed Signals For 16 Ignition Cycles
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagrams
- Front Suspension
- Description
- Adjustments & Inspection
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Specifications
- Rear Suspension
- Description & Operation
- Adjustments
- Inspection
- Trouble Shooting
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Specifications
- Special Tools
- Wheel Alignment Specifications & Adjustment Procedures - Specifications & Procedures -- Trucks
- Electronic Suspension System
- Transmission
- Automatic Trans
- Automatic Transmission & Transfer Case Removal & Installation
- Automatic Transmission Servicing
- Application
- Identification
- Lubrication
- Service Intervals
- Checking Fluid Level
- Recommended Fluids
- Fluid Capacities
- Draining & Refilling
- Notes
- AX4N & AX4S (Continental, Sable, Taurus & Windstar)
- CD4E (Contour, Cougar & Mystique)
- E4OD & 4R100 (Expedition, Navigator, Pickup & Van)
- F4E III /F4E Type "F" (Escort & Tracer)
- 4F20E (Villager)
- 4R44E & 5R55E (Explorer, Mountaineer & Ranger)
- 4R70W & 4R100 (Expedition, Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis, Mark VIII, Mountaineer, Mustang, Navigator, Pickup, Town Car & Van)
- Adjustments
- Notes
- Band
- Shift Cable/Linkage
- Shift Indicator Cable
- Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor/Switch
- AX4N & AX4S (Continental, Sable, Taurus & Windstar)
- CD4E & E4OD (Contour, Cougar, Expedition, Mystique, Pickup & Van)
- F4E III (Escort & Tracer)
- 4F20E (Villager)
- 4R44E & 5R55E (Aerostar & Ranger)
- 4R70W (Crown Victoria, Cougar, Expedition, Explorer, Grand Marquis, Mark VIII, Mountaineer, Mustang, Pickup, Town Car & Van)
- 4R100 (Expedition, Navigator, Pickup & Van)
- Torque Specifications
- Diagnosis - Ax4S Automatic Transmission
- Description & Operation
- Notes
- Pcm Location
- Input Sensors
- Air Conditioning Clutch (A/C Clutch)
- Brake On/Off (BOO) Switch
- Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor & Electronic Ignition (EI)
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
- Transmission Control Switch (TCS) & Transmission Control Indicator Light (TCIL)
- Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
- Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Output Devices
- Trouble Shooting
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Summary
- Code Reference Chart
- Pinpoint Test Procedures
- Pinpoint Tests
- Notes
- Test A: Shift Solenoids
- Test B: Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
- Test C: Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
- Test D: Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor (1997)
- Test D: Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor (1998 Sable & TAURUS)
- Test E: Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
- Test F: Transmission Speed Sensor (TSS)
- Test H: Solenoid Mechanical Failure
- Wiring Diagrams
- Description & Operation
- Overhaul - Ax4S Automatic Transmission
- Application
- Identification
- Description
- Lubrication & Adjustments
- On-Vehicle Service
- Trouble Shooting
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Converter
- Transaxle Disassembly
- Component Disassembly & Reassembly
- Transaxle Reassembly
- Transaxle Specifications
- Torque Specifications
- Shift Interlock Systems
- Description & Operation
- Trouble Shooting
- Diagnosis & Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Gearshift Lever Assembly
- Removal & Installation (Aspire)
- Removal & Installation (Continental & Town Car)
- Removal & Installation (Contour & Mystique)
- Removal & Installation (Cougar, Mustang & Thunderbird)
- Removal & Installation (Escort & Tracer)
- Removal & Installation (Mark VIII)
- Removal & Installation (Probe)
- Removal & Installation (Sable & Taurus)
- Removal & Installation (Light Duty Trucks & Vans)
- Shift Interlock Actuator
- Shift Interlock Cable
- Steering Column/Ignition/Lighting Control (SCIL) Module
- Gearshift Lever Assembly
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagrams
- Automatic Transmission - Hydraulic Diagrams - Ax4S/AXOD-E
- Automatic Transmission & Transfer Case Removal & Installation
- Automatic Trans
- External Pages