Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures - Cab & Chassis, Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
    • Specifications Index
  • DTC Index -- Cab & Chassis, Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
    • A/C-Heater System DTCS
    • Air Bag Restraints Systems DTCS
    • Anti-Lock Brakes DTCS
    • Anti-Theft Systems DTCS
    • Automatic Transmission DTCS
      • Automatic Transmission (4R100) DTCS
      • Four Wheel Drive System
    • Communication System DTCS (U Codes)
    • Generators & Regulators (Duel - Diesel) DTCS
    • Evaporative Emissions DTCS
    • Instrument Panel DTCS
      • Hybrid Electronic Instrument Cluster Module
      • Restraint Control Module
      • Abs Control Module
    • Keyless Entry DTCS
    • Parking Aid System DTCS
    • Power Door Locks DTCS
    • Power Seat DTCS
    • Rear Window Defroster DTCS
    • Self-Diagnostics DTCS
      • CNG & Gasoline Self-Diagnostics DTCS
      • Diesel Self-Diagnostics DTCS
    • Steering Column Switches DTCS
      • Hybrid Electronic Cluster
      • Vehicle Security Module
  • Electrical Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
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        • ACURA
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        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
    • Electrical Component Locator - Excursion & F250/F350 Super Duty
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoids & Solenoid Valves
      • Switches
      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
      • Grounds
      • Splices
      • Component Location Graphics
  • Fluids
  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
    • Safety Recalls
    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Tire Fitment
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views - F250-550 & Excursion
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C clutch solenoid connector end view (C100)
        • Crankshaft position sensor connector end view (C101)
        • Generator connector end view (C102a)
        • Generator connector end view (C102b)
        • Generator connector end view (C102c)
        • Oil pressure switch connector end view (C103)
        • Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) sensor connector end view (C104)
        • Injection pressure sensor connector end view (C106)
        • Cylinder... head temperature sensor connector end view (C107)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C108)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C109)
        • Inline Connector end view (C110)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 1 Connector end view (C111)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 2 connector end view (C112)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 3 connector end view (C113)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 4 connector end view (C114)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 5 connector end view (C115)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 6 connector end view (C116)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 7 connector end view (C117)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 8 connector end view (C118)
        • Speed control servo connector end view (C122)
        • EVAP canister purge valve connector end view (C123)
        • Brake fluid level switch connector end view (C124)
        • Windshield wiper motor connector end view (C125)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor connector end view (C128)
        • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor connector end view (C129)
        • A/C clutch cycling pressure switch connector end view (C130)
        • Ambient air temperature sensor connector end view (C132)
        • Inline Connector end view (C133)
        • Inline Connector end view (C134)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C135)
        • Windshield washer pump motor connector end view (C137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C139)
        • Inline Connector end view (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #22 connector end view (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 connector end view (C142)
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor connector end view (C143)
        • Inline Connector end view (C144)
        • Inline Connector end view (C145)
        • Inline Connector end view (C146)
        • Wheel speed sensor, left front connector end view (C150)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C155a)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C155b)
        • Wheel speed sensor, right front connector end view (C160)
        • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor connector end view (C167)
        • 4R100 transmission connector end view (C168)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 connector end view (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 connector end view (C172)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor connector end view (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector end view (C175)
        • Forward crash sensor connector end view (C177)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C180)
        • Fuel injector 1 connector end view (C181)
        • Fuel injector 2 connector end view (C182)
        • Fuel injector 3 connector end view (C183)
        • Fuel injector 4 connector end view (C184)
        • Fuel injector 5 connector end view (C185)
        • Fuel injector 6 connector end view (C186)
        • Fuel injector 7 connector end view (C187)
        • Fuel injector 8 connector end view (C188)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) connector end view (C189)
        • Inlet Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) module connector end view (C191)
        • Inline Connector end view (C192)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C193)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor 2 connector end view (C194)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197a)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197b)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202a)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202b)
        • Main light switch connector end view (C205)
        • Inline Connector end view (C210)
        • Inline Connector end view (C211)
        • Inline Connector end view (C212)
        • Inline Connector end view (C213)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218a)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C219)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220a)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220b)
        • Instrument cluster Instrument cluster connector end view (C220c)
        • Inline Connector end view (C237)
        • Inline Connector end view (C238)
        • Inline Connector end view (C248)
        • Ignition switch connector end view (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (DLC) connector end view (C251)
        • Passenger air bag module connector end view (C256)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270a)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270b)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270c)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270d)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270e)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270f)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270g)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270h)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270j)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270k)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270l)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270m)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270p)
        • Inline Connector end view (C275)
        • Brake pedal position switch connector end view (C278)
        • Inertia fuel Shutoff (IFS) switch connector end view (C282)
        • Temperature blend door actuator connector end view (C289)
        • Inline Connector end view (C291)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294a)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294b)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294d)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294e)
        • Inline Connector end view (C298)
        • Inline Connector end view (C299)
        • Inline Connector end view (C300)
        • Passenger safety belt retractor pretensioner connector end view (C303)
        • Inline Connector end view (C311)
        • Inline Connector end view (C312)
        • Inline Connector end view (C313)
        • Inline Connector end view (C314)
        • Inline Connector end view (C315)
        • Inline Connector end view (C316)
        • Driver safety belt retractor pretensioner connector end view (C323)
        • Inline Connector end view (C327)
        • Inline Connector end view (C328)
        • Inline Connector end view (C339)
        • Inline Connector end view (C340)
        • Power seat motor assembly, left connector end view (C353)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C360)
        • Power point connector end view (C380)
        • Sliding door contact switch, right connector end view (C384)
        • Sliding door ajar switch, right connector end view (C398)
        • Inline Connector end view (C405)
        • Inline Connector end view (C406)
        • Inline Connector end view (C411)
        • Lamp assembly, left rear connector end view (C414)
        • Lamp assembly, right rear connector end view (C417)
        • Inline Connector end view (C421)
        • Inline Connector end view (C422)
        • Inline Connector end view (C423)
        • Inline Connector end view (C431)
        • Inline Connector end view (C432)
        • Inline Connector end view (C438)
        • Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister vent value connector end view (C450)
        • Reversing lamp, left connector end view (C451)
        • Rear axle speed sensor connector end view (C455)
        • Reversing lamp, right connector end view (C461)
        • High mounted stoplamp connector end view (C475)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C484)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C485)
        • Master window/door lock/unlock switch connector end view (C508)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, driver side connector end view (C521)
        • Speaker, left front connector end view (C523)
        • Power window motor, driver side front connector end view (C524)
        • Door lock actuator, left front connector end view (C525)
        • Exterior rear view mirror switch connector end view (C527)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C601)
        • Door lock actuator, right front connector end view (C603)
        • Power window motor, passenger side front connector end view (C608)
        • Speaker, right front connector end view (C612)
        • Front passenger window/door lock switch connector end view (C629)
        • Sliding door contact switch, right connector end view (C806)
        • Speaker, right middle connector end view (C813)
        • Side door ajar switch, right connector end view (C816)
        • Side door lock actuator, right connector end view (C817)
        • Vanity mirror lamp, right connector end view (C906)
        • Vanity mirror lamp, left connector end view (C907)
        • Inline Connector end view (C913)
        • Inline Connector end view (C919)
        • Inline Connector end view (C922)
        • Cargo lamp connector end view (C926)
        • Overhead console connector end view (C930)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932)
        • Function selector switch assembly, rear connector end view (C951)
        • Roof marker lamp, left connector end view (C970)
        • Roof marker lamp, left center connector end view (C971)
        • Roof marker lamp, center connector end view (C972)
        • Roof marker lamp, right center connector end view (C973)
        • Roof marker lamp, right connector end view (C974)
        • Video display, left connector end view (C976)
        • Video display, right connector end view (C977)
        • Horn relay connector end view (C1006)
        • A/C clutch relay connector end view (C1008)
        • Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) module connector end view (C1009)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1010)
        • Blower motor relay connector end view (C1011)
        • PCM power relay connector end view (C1016)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017a)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017b)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017c)
        • PCM power diode connector end view (C1018)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1019)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1021)
        • Park/turn lamp, left front connector end view (C1023)
        • Deactivator switch connector end view (C1025)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1026)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) module connector end view (C1030)
        • Heater Blower Motor Resistor connector end view (C1032)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1033)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035a)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035b)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1041)
        • Park/turn lamp, right front connector end view (C1043)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1045)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1046)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1047)
        • Fuel pump relay connector end view (C1051)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1061)
        • Ignition coil connector end view (C1065)
        • Idle Air Control (IAC) valve connector end view (C1066)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1068)
        • EGR vacuum regulator solenoid connector end view (C1072)
        • Fuel heater connector end view (C1076)
        • A/C high pressure switch connector end view (C1078)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084a)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084b)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084c)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084d)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor connector end view (C1087)
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) connector end view (C1088)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100a)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100b)
        • Generator connector end view (C1104a)
        • Generator connector end view (C1104b)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1130)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1147)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1148)
        • Cylinder... head temperature sensor connector end view (C1164)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1168)
        • Injector Driver Module (IDM) connector end view (C1174)
        • Trailer tow relay, reversing lamp connector end view (C1178)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C1180)
        • Fuel injector 1 connector end view (C1181)
        • Fuel injector 2 connector end view (C1182)
        • Fuel injector 3 connector end view (C1183)
        • Fuel injector 4 connector end view (C1184)
        • Fuel injector 5 connector end view (C1185)
        • Fuel injector 6 connector end view (C1186)
        • Trailer tow relay, parking lamp connector end view (C1199)
        • Trailer tow relay, battery charge connector end view (C1200)
        • Fuel injector 9 connector end view (C1204)
        • Fuel injector 10 connector end view (C1205)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 9 connector end view (C1206)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 10 connector end view (C1207)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1220)
        • Front blower motor connector end view (C1227)
        • Injector Driver Module (IDM) power relay connector end view (C1235)
        • Air intake heater grid connector end view (C1239a)
        • Air intake heater grid connector end view (C1239b)
        • Injection Pressure Regulator (IPR) connector end view (C1242)
        • Injection Control Pressure (ICP) sensor connector end view (C1244)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245a)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245b)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245c)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245d)
        • Battery II connector end view (C1249a)
        • Battery II connector end view (C1249b)
        • Stop lamp relay connector end view (C1250)
        • Generator, secondary connector end view (C1251a)
        • Generator, secondary connector end view (C1251b)
        • Vacuum warning switch connector end view (C1252)
        • Fuel pump connector end view (C1253)
        • Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) timer jumper connector end view (C1254)
        • ABS relay connector end view (C1255)
        • High pitch horn connector end view (C1256)
        • Fuel rail temperature sensor connector end view (C1257)
        • Fuel rail cutoff valve connector end view (C1258)
        • Clearance lamp relay connector end view (C1259)
        • Exhaust Back Pressure (EBP) sensor connector end view (C1271)
        • Exhaust Pressure Regulator (EPR) connector end view (C1272)
        • Glow plug control module (GPCM) connector end view (C1273a)
        • Glow plug control module (GPCM) connector end view (C1273b)
        • 4R70W transmission connector end view (C1274)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C1275)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1276)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1278)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1279)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1282)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283a)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283b)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283c)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1284)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1285)
        • Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) module connector end view (C1286)
        • Fuel injector 7 connector end view (C1312)
        • Fuel injector 8 connector end view (C1313)
        • Valve cover assembly, left connector end view (C1317)
        • Valve cover assembly, right connector end view (C1318)
        • Brake shift interlock connector end view (C2008)
        • Parking brake switch connector end view (C2015)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031)
        • Power point connector end view (C2033)
        • Accelerator pedal position sensor connector end view (C2040)
        • Overdrive cancel switch connector end view (C2135)
        • Electronic flasher module connector end view (C2141)
        • Warning buzzer chime module connector end view (C2156)
        • Wiper Control Module (WCM) connector end view (C2157)
        • Idle validation switch connector end view (C2172)
        • Auxiliary Powertrain Control Module (APCM) connector end view (C2176)
        • ABS relay connector end view (C2186)
        • Inline Connector end view (C2187)
        • Radio connector end view (C2188a)
        • Radio connector end view (C2188b)
        • Driveline disconnect switch connector end view (C2190)
        • Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) module connector end view (C2209)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3007)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3047)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3049)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3050)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3051)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3052)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3053)
        • Power point, console 1 connector end view (C3063)
        • Power point, console 2 connector end view (C3064)
        • Video cassette player connector end view (C3076)
        • Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) module connector end view (C3077a)
        • Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) module connector end view (C3077b)
        • Fuel sender connector end view (C3104)
        • Extended range fuel tank valve 1 connector end view (C3122)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C3123)
        • Fuel tank temperature sensor connector end view (C3124)
        • Alt... axle fuel tank valve, front connector end view (C3125)
        • Alt... axle fuel tank valve, rear connector end view (C3126)
        • Fuel pump module connector end view (C3127)
        • In... transit fuel pump module connector end view (C3128)
        • Door ajar switch, left front connector end view (C3129)
        • Speaker, left middle connector end view (C3130)
        • Memory lock module Lock jumper connector end view (C3131)
        • Midship fuel tank valve connector end view (C3132)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3133)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3134)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3135)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3136)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3138)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3139)
        • Remote keyless entry module connector end view (C3140a)
        • Remote keyless entry module connector end view (C3140b)
        • Door ajar switch, right front connector end view (C3141)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3149)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C3166)
        • Reversing alarm speaker connector end view (C4015a)
        • Reversing alarm speaker connector end view (C4015b)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, right rear connector end view (C4032)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, left rear connector end view (C4035)
        • License plate lamp connector end view (C4046)
        • Trailer tow connector, 4... pin connector end view (C4098)
        • Trailer tow connector, 7... pin connector end view (C4099)
        • Auxiliary blower motor connector end view (C4106)
        • Auxiliary blower motor resistor assembly connector end view (C4107)
        • Rear A/C blower speed relay 1 connector end view (C4117)
        • Rear A/C blower speed relay 2 connector end view (C4118)
        • Door ajar switch rear doors connector end view (C4119)
        • Door lock actuator, rear doors connector end view (C4120)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cruise Control
        • 5.4L
        • 6.8L
        • 7.3L Di Turbo Diesel
      • Defoggers
      • Engine Performance
        • 5.4L
        • 6.8L
        • 7.3L Di Turbo Diesel
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Memory Systems
      • Navigation
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlock
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
        • Notes
        • 5.4L
        • 6.8L
        • 7.3L Diesel
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Anti-Theft Systems - Passive - Excursion, Super Duty, Cab & Chassis
      • Description & Operation
      • Operation
        • Theft Indicator
        • Encoded Ignition Key
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module
        • Powertrain Control Module
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Module
      • Component Locations
      • Programming
        • Notes
        • Key Programming
          • Security Access Procedure
          • With Programmed Keys
          • Without Programmed Keys
          • Spare Key Programming Switch
          • Without Using 2 Programmed Keys
          • Erase All Keys & Program 2 Keys
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module
        • Powertrain Control Module
      • Troubleshooting
      • Self-Diagnostic System
      • Symptom Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: No Communication With Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module
        • Test B: Theft Indicator Is Always/Never On - No 3-Second Theft Indicator Prove Out
        • Test C: Vehicle Does Not Start - Theft Indicator Proves Out For 3 Seconds As Normal
        • Test D: Anti-Theft Number Of Programmed Encoded Keys Below Minimum
        • Test E: Passive Anti-Theft System Antenna Not Connected - Defective Transceiver
        • Test F: No Key Code Received - Damaged Encoded Ignition Key Or Non-Passive Anti-Theft System Encoded Ignition Key
        • Test G: Unprogrammed Encoded Ignition Key (KEYCODE Format Okay)
        • Test H: Invalid Key Code Format From Encoded Ignition Key Transponder
        • Test I: Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Signal Is Not Received (Not Connected Or Damaged Wiring)
        • Test J: Pcm Id Does Not Match Between Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module & Pcm
        • Test K: No Security Id Exchange Between Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module & Pcm
        • Test L: Faulty SCP Link Or Incorrect Pcm Calibration
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Module
          • Removal & Installation
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Handles, Locks, Latches and Entry Systems
          • Hood
          • Door, Front
          • Door, Rear, SuperCab
          • Door, Rear, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Tri-Back Door System
            • Notes
            • Liftgate
            • Cargo Doors
            • Keyless Entry
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Locks, Latches and Entry Systems - Non Module Controlled
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: A Single Door Lock Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: All Door Locks Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: All The Locks Operate From One Switch Only
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Door Locks Operate Only One Way
        • Locks, Latches and Entry Systems - Module Controlled
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
            • Power Locking
            • Power Unlock Inhibit
            • Deactivating/Activating Power Door Unlock Switch Inhibit
            • Autolocking
            • Autolock Enable/Disable - Using the keypad
            • Autolock Enable/Disable - Using the Ignition Switch
            • Smart Unlocking
            • Remote Transmitter Lock/Unlocking Control - Unlocking
            • Remote Transmitter Lock/Unlocking Control - Locking
            • Panic Alarm
            • Keyless Entry Keypad
            • Programming/Erasing Personal Code
            • Anti-Scan Feature
            • Unlocking the Doors with the Keyless Entry Keypad System
            • Locking the Doors with the Keyless Entry Keypad System
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Vehicle Security Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test E: A Single/More Than One Door Lock Is Inoperative - Power Locking
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Keypad
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Remote Transmitter
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Auto Lock Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test I: Panic Feature Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test J: The Keyless Entry Keypad Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test K: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Out Of Synchronization
            • Pinpoint Test L: The Smart Lock Does Not Operate Correctly
      • General Procedures
        • Remote Transmitter Programming
        • Latch Cable Adjustment - Rear, SuperCab
      • Removal And Installation
        • Hood Latch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Front Door Latch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Latch - Upper, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Latch - Lower, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Latch - Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch-Glove Compartment
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch - Cargo Door, RH
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch - Cargo Door, LH
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Latch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Tailgate Latch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Hood Latch Release Handle - Cable
          • Removal and Installation
        • Hood Latch Release Handle
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Door Handle - Cargo Door, RH
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Door Handle - Cargo Door, LH
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Front Door Handle
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Rear Door Handle-SuperCab
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Rear Door Handle - Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Interior Door Handle - Front
          • Removal and Installation
        • Interior Door Handle - Rear, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Interior Door Handle - Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Release Handle - Finish Panel
          • Removal and Installation
        • Tailgate Release Handle
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Lock Cylinder
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Lock Cylinder
          • Removal and Installation
        • Tailgate Lock Cylinder
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch Remote Control - Front
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch Remote Control - Rear SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch Remote Control - Exterior Rear, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch Remote Control - Rear, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Latch Remote Control
          • Removal and Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Front Door
          • Removal and Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Rear, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Linkage, Horizontal, Rear Door, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Bellcrank, Rear Door, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Latch Actuator
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Lock Actuator
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Lock Control Switch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Ajar Switch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Keyless Entry Keypad
          • Removal and Installation
    • Keyless Entry Systems -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
        • Notes
        • Remote Keyless Entry System
      • Component Locations
      • Programming
        • Keyless Entry Keypad (Excursion)
        • Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter
        • Power Unlock Inhibit (Enable/Disable)
        • AUTOLOCK (Enable/Disable)
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Self-Diagnostic System
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: A Single/More Than One Power Door Lock Is Inoperative
        • Test B: Keyless Entry Keypad Does Not Lock/Unlock Doors
        • Test C: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Does Not Lock/Unlock Doors
        • Test D: The AUTOLOCK Is Inoperative
        • Test E: Panic Feature Is Inoperative
        • Test F: Keyless Entry Keypad Illumination Inoperative
        • Test G: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Out Of Synchronization
        • Test H: The Smart Lock Does Not Operate Correctly
      • Component Tests
        • Power Door Lock Control Switch
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Door Lock Control Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Vehicle Security Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Keyless Entry Keypad (Excursion)
          • Removal & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Passive Anti-Theft System Job Aid
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Specifications
        • Ford System (Pats) Specifications
        • LINCOLN System (Pats) Specifications
        • Mercury System (Pats) Specifications
      • Pats Key Types
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes
      • Non-Pats Issues
      • Things To Do:
      • Things Not To Do:
      • Programming Procedures
        • Notes
        • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Tools
          • Procedure #1
          • Procedure #2
          • Procedure #3
        • Spare Key Programming Using Diagnostic Tools
          • Procedure #4
        • Spare Key Programming Using Programmed Keys
          • Procedure #5
          • Procedure #6
        • Replacing Pats Control Module Or Pcm
          • Procedure #7
          • Procedure #8
    • Remote Keyless Entry System [Transmitter Programming Procedures]
      • Programming Methods & Transmitter Types
        • Programming Method And Transmitter Type Application
        • Transmitter Type Identification
        • Programming Methods
          • Programming Method A
          • Programming Method D
          • Programming Method I
          • Programming Method K
          • Programming Method L
          • Programming Method M
          • Programming Method N
          • Programming Method O
      • Helpful Hints
        • Remote Entry Programming Procedure
        • Poor Operating Range Performance
        • Miscellaneous
  • Communication Devices
    • Module Communications Network System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Locations
      • Repairing Network Communications Wiring
      • Programming
        • Module Configuration
          • Notes
          • Programmable Module Installation (PMI)
          • Calibration Updates
          • Programmable Parameters
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Data Link Diagnostics Network Test
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • Parameter Identification Definitions
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Anti-Lock Brake System Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test B: Restraints Control Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test C: Overhead Trip Computer Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test D: 4-Wheel Drive Control Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test E: Parking Aid Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test F: Powertrain Control Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test G: Auxiliary Powertrain Control Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test H: Passive Anti-Theft Systems Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test I: Instrument Cluster Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester (SCP Network)
        • Test J: The Electronic Automatic Temperature Control (EATC) Module Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test K: The Driver Seat Module (DSM) Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test L: The Vehicle Security Module (VSM) Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester
        • Test M: The Instrument Cluster Does Not Respond To WDS Or NGS Tester (UBP Network)
        • Test N: No Module/Network Communications - ISO 9141 Network
        • Test O: No Module/Network Communications - SCP Network
        • Test P: No Module/Network Communication - UBP Network
        • Test Q: No Module/Network Communication - No Power To WDS Or NGS Tester
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • 4-Wheel Drive Control Module
        • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control (EATC) Module
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • MULTIFUNCTION Electronic Modules -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Module Controlled Functions
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
          • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
        • Vehicle Security Module
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: No Communication With The Vehicle Security Module (VSM)
      • Removal And Installation
        • Vehicle Security Module
          • Removal and Installation
  • Cruise Control Systems -- Excursion & F250-550 Super Duty
    • Description
    • Operation
      • Engaging & Disengaging System
    • Component Locations
    • Adjustments
      • Speed Control Cable
    • Trouble Shooting
    • Self-Diagnostic System
    • Symptom Tests
      • Notes
      • Test A: Speed Control Inoperative
      • Test B: Set Speed Fluctuates
      • Test C: Speed Control Does Not Disengage When Brakes Are Applied
      • Test D: Speed Control Does Not Disengage When Clutch Is Applied
      • Test E: Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative
      • Test F: No Dynamic Pull At Throttle, Speed Control Inoperative, Indicator Light Flash With Last Switch Pressed
      • Test G: Flash Code 2
      • Test H: Flash Code 3
      • Test I: Dynamic Pull At Throttle, Speed Control Inoperative, Indicator Light Flash With Last Switch Pressed
      • Test J: Speed Control Indicator Light Always On
    • Component Tests
      • Brake Pedal Position Switch
    • Removal & Installation
      • Notes
      • Air Bag Sliding Contact
        • Removal & Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position Switch
        • Notes
        • Removal & Installation
      • Brake Pressure Switch
        • Removal & Installation
      • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
        • Removal & Installation
      • Speed Control Cable
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Speed Control Servo/Actuator Assembly
        • Removal & Installation
      • Speed Control Switches
        • Notes
        • Removal & Installation
      • Steering Wheel
        • Removal & Installation
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
  • Exterior Lights
    • Exterior Lighting System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Exterior Lighting
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Headlamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Both Headlamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Low Beams Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: The High Beams Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test D: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
            • PINPOINT TEST Chart E: THE HEADLAMPS ARE ON CONTINUOUSLY
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Flash To Pass Feature Is Inoperative
        • Autolamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test G: The AUTOLAMPS Are Inoperative - Do Not Operate Correctly
        • Stoplamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test H: The STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test I: One Or More STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test J: The STOPLAMPS Are On Continuously
        • Turn Signal and Hazard Lamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test K: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Never On
            • Pinpoint Test L: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Never On
            • Pinpoint Test M: The Hazard Lamps Are Never On
            • Pinpoint Test N: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Never On - Signal Mirror (Excursion)
        • Parking, Rear and License Lamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test O: The Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test P: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test Q: The Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are On Continuously
            • Pinpoint Test R: The Roof Marker Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Fog Lamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test S: The Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test T: Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test U: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Reversing Lamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test V: The Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test W: The Individual Reversing Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test X: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Trailer Lamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test Y: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test Z: The Individual Trailer Lamp Is Inoperative - RH Trailer Turn Signal/STOPLAMP/Hazard Flasher Lamp
            • Pinpoint Test Aa: The Individual Trailer Lamp Is Inoperative - LH Trailer Turn Signal/STOPLAMP/Hazard Flasher Lamp
            • Pinpoint Test Ab: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - Trailer Parking Lamps
            • Pinpoint Test Ac: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - Trailer Reversing Lamps
            • Pinpoint Test Ad: The Trailer Lamps Are On Continuously
            • Pinpoint Test AE: The Trailer Battery Charging Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test AF: The Trailer Electric Brakes Are Inoperative
      • General Procedures
        • Headlamp Adjustment
          • Headlamp Aiming
          • Photometric Aiming
          • Screen Method Aiming
          • Mechanical Aiming
      • Removal And Installation
        • Bulb - Headlamp, Aerodynamic Lamps
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Bulb - Headlamp, Sealed Beam
          • Removal and Installation
        • Lamp Assembly - Headlamp, Aerodynamic
          • Removal and Installation
        • Lamp Assembly - Parking Lamp
          • Removal and Installation
        • Fog Lamp
        • Lamp Assembly - Cab Marker Lamps
          • Removal and Installation
        • Lamp Assembly - Pick-Up Box Marker Lamp
          • Removal and Installation
        • Lamp Assembly - High Mounted Stop
          • Removal and Installation
        • Lamp Assembly - Tail, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Lamp Assembly - Tail, F-Superduty 250-550
          • Removal and Installation
        • Lamp Switch - Headlamp
          • Removal and Installation
        • Stop Lamp Switch - Brake Pedal Position (BPP)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • Photocell
          • Removal and Installation
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Information Center - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description And Operation
        • Information And Message Center
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Information And Message Center
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
          • Outside Air Temperature
          • Average (AVG) Fuel Economy - Resetting
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Overhead Trip Computer (OTC) Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Compass Is Inaccurate
            • Pinpoint Test B: No Communication With The Message Center - F Series Super Duty
            • Pinpoint Test C: No Communication With The Message Center - Excursion
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Distance To Empty (DTE)/Average Fuel Economy Is Inoperative/Incorrect - F Series Super Duty
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Distance To Empty (DTE)/Average Fuel Economy Is Inoperative/Incorrect - Excursion
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Outside Air Temperature Is Inaccurate/Inoperative
      • General Procedures
        • Vehicle Demagnetizing
        • Compass Zone Adjustment
          • Compass Calibration Zones
        • Compass Calibration
      • Removal And Installation
        • Message Center - F-Super Duty
          • Removal and Installation
        • Message Center - Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
    • Instrument Cluster System And Panel Illumination -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description And Operation
        • Instrument Panel Illumination
          • Notes
          • Dimmable Instrument Cluster and Panel Lighting
          • Non-Dimmable (Fixed) Instrument Cluster and Panel Lighting
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Instrument Panel Illumination
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Control Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Instrument Cluster Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Climate Control Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Audio System Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test E: A Single Illumination Source Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: A Single Illumination Source Is Inoperative - Steering Wheel Switches
            • Pinpoint Test G: A Single Illumination Source Is Inoperative - Door Lock Control Switches
            • Pinpoint Test H: A Single Illumination Source Is Inoperative - Window Control Switches
      • Removal And Installation
        • Instrument Cluster Bulb
          • Removal and Installation
    • Instrument Panel - Analog -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Locations
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Self-Test
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: No Scan Tool Communication With Instrument Cluster (HEC)
        • Test B: Fuel Gauge Reads Incorrectly
        • Test C: Low Fuel Warning Indicator Always/Never On
        • Test D: Voltage Gauge Reads Incorrectly (M/T Only)
        • Test E: Oil Pressure Gauge Reads Incorrectly
        • Test F: Engine Temperature Gauge Reads Incorrectly
        • Test G: Transmission Temperature Gauge Reads Incorrectly (A/T Only)
        • Test H: Speedometer Is Inoperative Or Inaccurate
        • Test I: Tachometer Reads Incorrectly
        • Test J: Yellow Brake (Abs) Warning Indicator Always/Never On
        • Test K: Red Brake Warning Indicator Always/Never On
        • Test L: Service Engine Soon Warning Indicator Inoperative
        • Test M: Charge System Warning Indicator Inoperative
        • Test N: Air Bag Warning Indicator Always/Never On
        • Test O: High Beam Indicator Inoperative
        • Test P: Left Turn Signal Indicator Inoperative
        • Test Q: Right Turn Signal Indicator Inoperative
        • Test R: Door Ajar Warning Indicator Inoperative, Chime Operative
        • Test S: Safety Belt Warning Indicator Inoperative Or Does Not Operate Correctly, Chime Is Operative
        • Test T: 4X4/4X4 Low Range Indicator Inoperative/Always On (Electronic Shift)
        • Test U: 4X4/4X4 Low Range Indicator Inoperative/Always On (Manual Shift)
        • Test V: Wait To Start Indicator Is Inoperative (Diesel)
        • Test W: Water In Fuel Warning Indicator Inoperative (Diesel)
        • Test X: Speed Control Indicator Is Always/Never On
        • Test Y: Theft Indicator Is Always/Never On (Excursion Only)
        • Test Z: Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Test Aa: Check Gage Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Test Ab: Check Air Filter Indicator Is Always/Never On (Diesel)
        • Test Ac: Instrument Cluster Is Inoperative
      • Component Tests
        • Fuel Gauge Test (Gasoline Only)
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Air Bag Diagnostic Monitor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Air Filter Switch (Diesel)
        • Antenna Base
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (Diesel Only)
        • Floor Console
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Panel
        • Oil Pressure Sending Unit
        • Parking Brake Switch
        • Safety Belt Buckle Switch
        • Vehicle Security Module (VSM)
        • 4WD Control Module
        • 4X4 Range Selector Switch
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Headlights
    • Daytime Running Lamps System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Daytime Running Lamps Are On With The Parking Brake Set
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Daytime Running Lamps Are On With The Ignition Switch Off
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Exterior Trim And Ornamentation - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Removal And Installation
        • Radiator Grille
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Trim Panel - Running Boards
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Trim Panel - Body Side to Roof Molding
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Trim Panel - Tailgate, Upper
          • Removal and Installation
        • Sun Visor
          • Removal and Installation
    • Interior Trim & Ornamentation -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Removal And Installation
        • Trim Panel - Cowl Side
          • Removal and Installation
        • Front Door Trim Panel
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Trim Panel - Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Trim Panel - SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Rear Corner, Crew Cab
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Rear Corner, Regular Cab
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Rear Corner, SuperCab
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Crew Cab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Back Panel Trim Cover, Regular Cab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Trim Panel
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Molding - Window Garnish, Rear Door, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Molding - Windshield Side Garnish
          • Removal and Installation
        • Headliner - Crew Cab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Headliner - Regular Cab, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Headliner - Excursion
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Interior Lighting System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description And Operation
        • Interior Lighting
          • Interior Lighting Components
          • Door Open Warning Lamp Switch
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Interior Lighting
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
            • Vehicle Security Module
            • Interior Lighting Systems
            • Illuminated Entry
            • Battery Saver
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Instrument Cluster Diagnostic Trouble Code Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Interior Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: An Individual Interior Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Interior Lamps Stay On Continuously
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Demand Lighting Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test E: An Individual Demand Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Battery Saver Does Not Deactivate After Time-Out
            • Pinpoint Test G: All Battery Saver Components Do Not Operate
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Running Board Lamps Are Inoperative/Do Not Operate Correctly (Other Interior Lamps Operate)
  • Mirrors
    • Rear View Mirror -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Rear View Mirrors
          • Inside Rear View Mirror
          • Outside Rear View Mirrors
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Rear View Mirrors
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Auto Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Heated Exterior Mirror Does Not Defrost
      • Removal And Installation
        • Exterior Mirror
          • Removal and Installation
        • Interior Mirror
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Exterior Mirror Glass - Aero
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Mirror Glass - Trailer Tow
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Exterior Mirror Glass - Spotter, Trailer Tow
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Exterior Mirror Cover
          • Removal and Installation
  • Seats
    • Power System & Heated Seat System - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Location
      • Programming
        • Notes
        • Recalling Programmed Positions
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Memory Seats
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Power Seat Inoperative (Without Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test B: Power Seat Inoperative (With Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test C: Power Seat Moves, But Is Noisy
        • Test D: Power Seat Moves, But Is Loose
        • Test E: Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Test F: Driver's Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically (Without Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test G: Driver's Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically (With Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test H: Passenger's Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically (Without Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test I: Passenger's Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically (With Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test J: Memory Seat Inoperative
        • Test K: Memory Seat Inoperative Using Memory Set Switch
        • Test L: Heated Seat Inoperative
        • Test M: Heated Seat Is Inoperative, Seat Does Not Heat But Heated Seat Switch Illuminates When Pressed
        • Test N: Heated Seat Is Inoperative, Seat Does Heat But Heated Seat Switch Does Not Illuminate When Pressed
      • Component Tests
        • Memory Set Switch
        • Power Seat Switch
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Driver's Seat Module
        • Heated Seat Module
          • Removal & Installation
        • Heated Seat Switch
        • Memory Set Switch
        • Power Seat Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Power Seat Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Power Seat Track/Motor Assembly
          • Removal & Installation
        • Seat Heater & Temperature Sensor
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Steering Column Switches -- Excursion & F250-550 Super Duty
    • Description
    • Trouble Shooting
    • Self-Diagnostic System
    • System Tests
      • Notes
      • Test A: Ignition Switch Inoperative
      • Test B: No Power In Acc Position
      • Test C: No Power In Run Position
      • Test D: No Power In Start Position
      • Test E: The Horn Does Not Sound
      • Test F: The Horn Sounds Continuously
    • Component Tests
      • Notes
      • Horn Relay
      • Ignition Switch
      • MULTIFUNCTION Switch
    • Removal & Installation
      • Notes
      • Horn Assembly
      • Ignition Switch
        • Removal & Installation
      • Lock Cylinder
        • Removal & Installation (With Key)
        • Removal (Without Key)
        • Installation
      • MULTIFUNCTION Switch
        • Removal & Installation
      • Steering Wheel & Air Bag
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
  • Warning Systems
    • Parking Aid System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Parking Aid
      • Diagnosis Procedures
        • Parking Aid
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection and Verification
          • PAM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: No Communication With The Parking And Module (PAM)
            • Pinpoint Test B: Parking Aid Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: Rear Parking Aid Does Not Operate Correctly
      • General Procedures
        • Azimuth System Check
          • Minimum Detectable Object Locations.
        • Elevation System Check
      • Removal And Installation
        • Parking Aid Module - Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Parking Aid Module - Super Duty
          • Removal and Installation
        • Parking Aid Speaker - Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Parking Aid Sensor
          • Removal and Installation
        • Parking Aid Switch
          • Removal and Installation
    • Warning System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description And Operation
        • Warning Devices
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Gauges And Warning Devices
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
            • Safety Belt Warning Chime
            • Belt Minder
            • Door Ajar Warning Chime
            • Key-In-Ignition Warning Chime
            • Headlamp On Warning Chime
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Instrument Cluster Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Safety Belt Warning Chime Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: A Chime Is Inoperative - Key In Ignition (With Door Ajar)
            • Pinpoint Test C: A Chime Is Inoperative - Head/Parking Lamps On (With Door Ajar)
            • Pinpoint Test D: A Chime Does Not Operate Correctly - Air Bag Warning Tone
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Chime Sounds When The Driver Door Is Ajar (No Key In The Ignition And Headlights Off)
      • General Procedures
        • Belt Minder Deactivating/Activating
          • Preparation
          • Deactivating/Activating
      • Removal And Installation
        • Switch - Door Open Warning Lamp
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Switch - Key-In-Ignition Warning
          • Removal
          • Installation
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Windows And Glass - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms
          • Power Window System
            • Features and Operation
          • Power Window System - Modes of Operation
            • Notes
            • Manual Mode
            • Auto Mode
          • Rear Window Defrost
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • ICM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The LF Power Window Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: The RF Power Window Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test D: The LR Or RR Power Window Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Vent Power Windows Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative
      • General Procedures
        • Windshield Reseal
        • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
        • Lead Terminal Repair
      • Removal And Installation
        • Switch
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Window Glass - Front Door
          • Removal and Installation
        • Window Glass - Rear Door SuperCab
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Window Glass - Rear
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Door Window Glass - Crew Cab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Quarter Window Glass - Fixed
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Quarter Window Glass - Vented
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Window Glass
          • Removal and Installation
        • Motor - Front Door
          • Removal and Installation
        • Motor - Rear Door
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Quarter Window Regulator Motor
          • Removal and Installation
        • Window Regulator - Front Door
          • Removal and Installation
        • Window Regulator - Rear Door
          • Removal and Installation
        • Windshield Glass
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Wiper System & Washer System - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wipers and Washers
          • Notes
          • Windshield Wiper/Washer Switch
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Wipers and Washers
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
          • High Speed Windshield Wipers
          • Low Speed Windshield Wipers
          • Intermittent Speed Windshield Wipers
          • Speed Dependent Windshield Wipers
          • Intermittent Rear Window Wiper System (Excursion only)
          • Washer System
          • Default Mode
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Windshield Wipers Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Rear Wiper Is Inoperative (Excursion Only)
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Windshield Wipers Stay On Continuously
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Rear Wiper Stays On Continuously (Excursion Only)
            • Pinpoint Test E: The High/Low Windshield Wiper Speeds Do Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Low Rear Window Wiper Speed Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Intermittent Windshield Wiper Speed Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Intermittent Rear Wiper Speed Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Windshield Wipers Do Not Operate Correctly In The Mist Position
            • Pinpoint Test J: The Rear Window Wiper Wash And Wipe Function Does Not Operate
            • Pinpoint Test K: The Washer Pump Is In Operative
            • Pinpoint Test L: The Windshield Wiper Speed Dependent Interval Mode Does Not Operate Correctly
          • Component Test - Windshield Wiper Motor
            • Notes
            • Low Speed
            • High Speed
            • Washer Pump Relay (Integral)
          • Component Test - Rear Window Wiper Motor
            • Notes
            • On Mode
            • Washer Pump Relay (Integral)
      • General Procedures
        • Wiper Blade and Pivot Arm Adjustment
      • Removal And Installation
        • Wiper Pivot Arm
          • Removal and Installation
        • Wiper Pivot Arm - Rear
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wiper Mounting Arm and Pivot Shaft
          • Removal and Installation
        • Windshield Wiper Motor
          • Removal and Installation
        • Washer Pump and Reservoir
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Window Wiper Motor
          • Removal and Installation
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Anti-Theft Systems - Passive - Excursion, Super Duty, Cab & Chassis
      • Description & Operation
      • Operation
        • Theft Indicator
        • Encoded Ignition Key
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module
        • Powertrain Control Module
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Module
      • Component Locations
      • Programming
        • Notes
        • Key Programming
          • Security Access Procedure
          • With Programmed Keys
          • Without Programmed Keys
          • Spare Key Programming Switch
          • Without Using 2 Programmed Keys
          • Erase All Keys & Program 2 Keys
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module
        • Powertrain Control Module
      • Troubleshooting
      • Self-Diagnostic System
      • Symptom Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: No Communication With Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module
        • Test B: Theft Indicator Is Always/Never On - No 3-Second Theft Indicator Prove Out
        • Test C: Vehicle Does Not Start - Theft Indicator Proves Out For 3 Seconds As Normal
        • Test D: Anti-Theft Number Of Programmed Encoded Keys Below Minimum
        • Test E: Passive Anti-Theft System Antenna Not Connected - Defective Transceiver
        • Test F: No Key Code Received - Damaged Encoded Ignition Key Or Non-Passive Anti-Theft System Encoded Ignition Key
        • Test G: Unprogrammed Encoded Ignition Key (KEYCODE Format Okay)
        • Test H: Invalid Key Code Format From Encoded Ignition Key Transponder
        • Test I: Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Signal Is Not Received (Not Connected Or Damaged Wiring)
        • Test J: Pcm Id Does Not Match Between Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module & Pcm
        • Test K: No Security Id Exchange Between Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module & Pcm
        • Test L: Faulty SCP Link Or Incorrect Pcm Calibration
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Passive Anti-Theft System Transceiver Module
          • Removal & Installation
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Handles, Locks, Latches and Entry Systems
          • Hood
          • Door, Front
          • Door, Rear, SuperCab
          • Door, Rear, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Tri-Back Door System
            • Notes
            • Liftgate
            • Cargo Doors
            • Keyless Entry
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Locks, Latches and Entry Systems - Non Module Controlled
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: A Single Door Lock Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: All Door Locks Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: All The Locks Operate From One Switch Only
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Door Locks Operate Only One Way
        • Locks, Latches and Entry Systems - Module Controlled
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
            • Power Locking
            • Power Unlock Inhibit
            • Deactivating/Activating Power Door Unlock Switch Inhibit
            • Autolocking
            • Autolock Enable/Disable - Using the keypad
            • Autolock Enable/Disable - Using the Ignition Switch
            • Smart Unlocking
            • Remote Transmitter Lock/Unlocking Control - Unlocking
            • Remote Transmitter Lock/Unlocking Control - Locking
            • Panic Alarm
            • Keyless Entry Keypad
            • Programming/Erasing Personal Code
            • Anti-Scan Feature
            • Unlocking the Doors with the Keyless Entry Keypad System
            • Locking the Doors with the Keyless Entry Keypad System
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Vehicle Security Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test E: A Single/More Than One Door Lock Is Inoperative - Power Locking
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Keypad
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Remote Transmitter
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Auto Lock Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test I: Panic Feature Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test J: The Keyless Entry Keypad Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test K: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Out Of Synchronization
            • Pinpoint Test L: The Smart Lock Does Not Operate Correctly
      • General Procedures
        • Remote Transmitter Programming
        • Latch Cable Adjustment - Rear, SuperCab
      • Removal And Installation
        • Hood Latch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Front Door Latch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Latch - Upper, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Latch - Lower, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Latch - Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch-Glove Compartment
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch - Cargo Door, RH
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch - Cargo Door, LH
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Latch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Tailgate Latch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Hood Latch Release Handle - Cable
          • Removal and Installation
        • Hood Latch Release Handle
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Door Handle - Cargo Door, RH
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Door Handle - Cargo Door, LH
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Front Door Handle
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Rear Door Handle-SuperCab
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Rear Door Handle - Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Interior Door Handle - Front
          • Removal and Installation
        • Interior Door Handle - Rear, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Interior Door Handle - Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Release Handle - Finish Panel
          • Removal and Installation
        • Tailgate Release Handle
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Lock Cylinder
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Lock Cylinder
          • Removal and Installation
        • Tailgate Lock Cylinder
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch Remote Control - Front
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch Remote Control - Rear SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch Remote Control - Exterior Rear, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Latch Remote Control - Rear, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Latch Remote Control
          • Removal and Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Front Door
          • Removal and Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Rear, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Linkage, Horizontal, Rear Door, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Bellcrank, Rear Door, Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Latch Actuator
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Lock Actuator
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Lock Control Switch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Door Ajar Switch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Keyless Entry Keypad
          • Removal and Installation
    • Keyless Entry Systems -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
        • Notes
        • Remote Keyless Entry System
      • Component Locations
      • Programming
        • Keyless Entry Keypad (Excursion)
        • Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter
        • Power Unlock Inhibit (Enable/Disable)
        • AUTOLOCK (Enable/Disable)
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Self-Diagnostic System
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: A Single/More Than One Power Door Lock Is Inoperative
        • Test B: Keyless Entry Keypad Does Not Lock/Unlock Doors
        • Test C: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Does Not Lock/Unlock Doors
        • Test D: The AUTOLOCK Is Inoperative
        • Test E: Panic Feature Is Inoperative
        • Test F: Keyless Entry Keypad Illumination Inoperative
        • Test G: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Out Of Synchronization
        • Test H: The Smart Lock Does Not Operate Correctly
      • Component Tests
        • Power Door Lock Control Switch
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Door Lock Control Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Vehicle Security Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Keyless Entry Keypad (Excursion)
          • Removal & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Passive Anti-Theft System Job Aid
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Specifications
        • Ford System (Pats) Specifications
        • LINCOLN System (Pats) Specifications
        • Mercury System (Pats) Specifications
      • Pats Key Types
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes
      • Non-Pats Issues
      • Things To Do:
      • Things Not To Do:
      • Programming Procedures
        • Notes
        • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Tools
          • Procedure #1
          • Procedure #2
          • Procedure #3
        • Spare Key Programming Using Diagnostic Tools
          • Procedure #4
        • Spare Key Programming Using Programmed Keys
          • Procedure #5
          • Procedure #6
        • Replacing Pats Control Module Or Pcm
          • Procedure #7
          • Procedure #8
    • Remote Keyless Entry System [Transmitter Programming Procedures]
      • Programming Methods & Transmitter Types
        • Programming Method And Transmitter Type Application
        • Transmitter Type Identification
        • Programming Methods
          • Programming Method A
          • Programming Method D
          • Programming Method I
          • Programming Method K
          • Programming Method L
          • Programming Method M
          • Programming Method N
          • Programming Method O
      • Helpful Hints
        • Remote Entry Programming Procedure
        • Poor Operating Range Performance
        • Miscellaneous
  • Exterior Body Panels
    • Body Panel System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Body
        • Insulation
        • Body Sealer Types And Applications
          • Silicone Rubber
          • Caulking Cord
          • Weatherstrip Adhesive
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Body System
          • Inspection and Verification
            • Leaks
            • Noise
          • Symptom Chart
    • Body Panel System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Front End Body Panels
      • General Procedures
        • Hood Alignment
      • Removal And Installation
        • Fender Splash Shield
          • Removal and Installation
        • Cowl-Vent Grille
          • Removal and Installation
        • Fender
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Radiator Grille Opening Panel Reinforcement
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Radiator Grille Support
          • Removal and Installation
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Exterior Trim And Ornamentation - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Removal And Installation
        • Radiator Grille
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Trim Panel - Running Boards
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Trim Panel - Body Side to Roof Molding
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Trim Panel - Tailgate, Upper
          • Removal and Installation
        • Sun Visor
          • Removal and Installation
    • Interior Trim & Ornamentation -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Removal And Installation
        • Trim Panel - Cowl Side
          • Removal and Installation
        • Front Door Trim Panel
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Trim Panel - Crew Cab, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Door Trim Panel - SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Rear Corner, Crew Cab
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Rear Corner, Regular Cab
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Rear Corner, SuperCab
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Crew Cab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Trim Panel - Back Panel Trim Cover, Regular Cab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Liftgate Trim Panel
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Molding - Window Garnish, Rear Door, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Molding - Windshield Side Garnish
          • Removal and Installation
        • Headliner - Crew Cab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Headliner - Regular Cab, SuperCab
          • Removal and Installation
        • Headliner - Excursion
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
  • Mirrors
    • Rear View Mirror -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Rear View Mirrors
          • Inside Rear View Mirror
          • Outside Rear View Mirrors
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Rear View Mirrors
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Auto Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Heated Exterior Mirror Does Not Defrost
      • Removal And Installation
        • Exterior Mirror
          • Removal and Installation
        • Interior Mirror
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Exterior Mirror Glass - Aero
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exterior Mirror Glass - Trailer Tow
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Exterior Mirror Glass - Spotter, Trailer Tow
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Exterior Mirror Cover
          • Removal and Installation
  • Seats
    • Power System & Heated Seat System - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Location
      • Programming
        • Notes
        • Recalling Programmed Positions
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Memory Seats
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Power Seat Inoperative (Without Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test B: Power Seat Inoperative (With Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test C: Power Seat Moves, But Is Noisy
        • Test D: Power Seat Moves, But Is Loose
        • Test E: Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
        • Test F: Driver's Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically (Without Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test G: Driver's Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically (With Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test H: Passenger's Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically (Without Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test I: Passenger's Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically (With Seat Mounted Air Bags)
        • Test J: Memory Seat Inoperative
        • Test K: Memory Seat Inoperative Using Memory Set Switch
        • Test L: Heated Seat Inoperative
        • Test M: Heated Seat Is Inoperative, Seat Does Not Heat But Heated Seat Switch Illuminates When Pressed
        • Test N: Heated Seat Is Inoperative, Seat Does Heat But Heated Seat Switch Does Not Illuminate When Pressed
      • Component Tests
        • Memory Set Switch
        • Power Seat Switch
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Driver's Seat Module
        • Heated Seat Module
          • Removal & Installation
        • Heated Seat Switch
        • Memory Set Switch
        • Power Seat Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Power Seat Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Power Seat Track/Motor Assembly
          • Removal & Installation
        • Seat Heater & Temperature Sensor
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Windows And Glass - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
    • Specifications
      • General Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
    • Description And Operation
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms
        • Power Window System
          • Features and Operation
        • Power Window System - Modes of Operation
          • Notes
          • Manual Mode
          • Auto Mode
        • Rear Window Defrost
    • Diagnosis And Testing
      • Glass, Frames and Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Special Tool(s)
        • Inspection and Verification
        • ICM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: The LF Power Window Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test C: The RF Power Window Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test D: The LR Or RR Power Window Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test E: The Vent Power Windows Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test F: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test G: The Defrost System Will Not Shut Off Automatically
          • Pinpoint Test H: The Delayed Accessory Is Inoperative
    • General Procedures
      • Windshield Reseal
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
    • Removal And Installation
      • Switch
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Window Glass - Front Door
        • Removal and Installation
      • Window Glass - Rear Door SuperCab
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Window Glass - Rear
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass - Crew Cab
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass - Fixed
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass - Vented
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Motor - Front Door
        • Removal and Installation
      • Motor - Rear Door
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Regulator Motor
        • Removal and Installation
      • Window Regulator - Front Door
        • Removal and Installation
      • Window Regulator - Rear Door
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Glass
        • Special Tool(s)
        • Removal
        • Installation
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Control System - 4-Wheel - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Anti-Lock Control
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Anti-Lock Control
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Testing
            • B1342
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • B2141, B2477
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • C1226
              • Code Description
              • Testing
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: DTCs C1194, C1196, C1198, C1200, C1202, C1204, C1206, C1208, C1210, C1212, C1214, C1216 - ABS Outlet/Inlet Valve Circuit Failure/Short To Battery
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test B: DTC C1155 - Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Input Circuit Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test C: DTCs C1158, C1233 - Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Input Signal Erratic/Missing
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test D: DTC C1145 - Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Input Circuit Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test E: DTCs C1148, C1234 - Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Input Signal Erratic/Missing
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test F: DTC C1230 - Rear Anti-Lock Wheel Speed Sensor Input Circuit Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test G: DTCs C1229, C1237 - Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Input Signal Erratic/Missing
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test H: Soft Or Excessive Pedal Travel
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test J: DTCs C1095, C1096 - ABS Hydraulic Pump Motor Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test K: DTCs C1113, C1115, C1185 - ABS Power Relay Circuit Failure/Short To Battery
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test L: No Communication With The Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test M: DTC C1169 - Excessive Dump Time
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test N: DTCs C1184 - ABS System Timeout, C1222 - Wheel Speed Error/Mismatch
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test O: DTC B1485 - Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Circuit Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test P: The Yellow ABS Warning Indicator Does Not Self Check
              • Code Description
              • Testing
          • Component Test - Intermittent Failures
            • Notes
            • Power/Ground to Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
            • Yellow ABS Warning Indicator Failure
            • Sensor Failure
      • Removal And Installation
        • Notes
        • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Wheel Speed Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor - 4X2
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor - 4X4
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor Ring - 4X2
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor Ring - 4X4
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Ring
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
    • Brake System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Brake System
          • Component Locations
            • Notes
            • Adjustable Pedals
            • Adjustable Pedal Operation
            • Memory Adjustable Pedal Operation (Excursion Limited Only)
            • Programming Adjustable Pedal Positions
          • Driver Seat Module
            • Notes
            • Recalling a Stored Adjustable Pedal Position
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Brake System
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Road Test
          • Brake Pads
          • Brake Discs
          • Brake Caliper
          • Brake Caliper Guide Pins
          • Brake Lines and Tubes
          • Non-Pressure Leaks
          • Brake Master Cylinder - Normal Conditions
          • Brake Master Cylinder - Abnormal Conditions
          • Brake Booster
          • Parking Brake
          • Adjustable Pedals With Memory Feature
          • DSM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Charts
            • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart - Adjustable Pedal Without Memory
            • Symptom Chart - Adjustable Pedal With Memory
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Red Brake Warning Indicator Always On
            • Pinpoint Test B: Vibration When The Brakes Are Applied
            • Pinpoint Test C: Adjustable Brake Pedal Does Not Move
            • Pinpoint Test D: Adjustable Pedal Moves Forward Only
            • Pinpoint Test E: Adjustable Pedal Moves Rearward Only
            • Pinpoint Test F: DTCS B1987, B1988, And B1989: Pedal Forward/Rearward Motor Stalled, Forward/Rearward Switch Short To Battery
            • PINPOINT TEST G: DTCS B1990 and B1991: PEDAL FORWARD/REARWARD POTENTIOMETER FEEDBACK CIRCUIT SHORT TO BATTERY
          • Component Tests
          • Accumulator, Hydro-Boost Only
          • Check Valve - Vacuum Booster Only
          • Brake Master Cylinder
          • Compensator Port Check
      • General Procedures
        • Component Bleeding
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Master Cylinder Priming - In-Vehicle or Bench
          • Four Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System (4WABS) Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)
          • Caliper
        • Brake Disc Machining
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Brake Disc Machining
        • Brake System Bleeding
          • Manual
          • Pressure
        • Hydraulic Leak Check
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Brake System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Brake System
          • Component Locations
            • Notes
            • Adjustable Pedals
            • Adjustable Pedal Operation
            • Memory Adjustable Pedal Operation (Excursion Limited Only)
            • Programming Adjustable Pedal Positions
          • Driver Seat Module
            • Notes
            • Recalling a Stored Adjustable Pedal Position
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Brake System
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Road Test
          • Brake Pads
          • Brake Discs
          • Brake Caliper
          • Brake Caliper Guide Pins
          • Brake Lines and Tubes
          • Non-Pressure Leaks
          • Brake Master Cylinder - Normal Conditions
          • Brake Master Cylinder - Abnormal Conditions
          • Brake Booster
          • Parking Brake
          • Adjustable Pedals With Memory Feature
          • DSM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Charts
            • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart - Adjustable Pedal Without Memory
            • Symptom Chart - Adjustable Pedal With Memory
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Red Brake Warning Indicator Always On
            • Pinpoint Test B: Vibration When The Brakes Are Applied
            • Pinpoint Test C: Adjustable Brake Pedal Does Not Move
            • Pinpoint Test D: Adjustable Pedal Moves Forward Only
            • Pinpoint Test E: Adjustable Pedal Moves Rearward Only
            • Pinpoint Test F: DTCS B1987, B1988, And B1989: Pedal Forward/Rearward Motor Stalled, Forward/Rearward Switch Short To Battery
            • PINPOINT TEST G: DTCS B1990 and B1991: PEDAL FORWARD/REARWARD POTENTIOMETER FEEDBACK CIRCUIT SHORT TO BATTERY
          • Component Tests
          • Accumulator, Hydro-Boost Only
          • Check Valve - Vacuum Booster Only
          • Brake Master Cylinder
          • Compensator Port Check
      • General Procedures
        • Component Bleeding
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Master Cylinder Priming - In-Vehicle or Bench
          • Four Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System (4WABS) Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)
          • Caliper
        • Brake Disc Machining
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Brake Disc Machining
        • Brake System Bleeding
          • Manual
          • Pressure
        • Hydraulic Leak Check
    • Disc Brakes - Excursion, F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
        • Brake System
          • Anti-Lock Brake System
          • Hydraulic System
          • Front Disc Brakes
          • Parking Brake
          • Rear Disc Brakes
        • System Components
          • Adjustable Pedals
          • Brake Booster (Vacuum)
          • Brake Booster (Hydro-Boost)
          • Deactivator Switch
          • Master Cylinder
          • Vacuum Pump (Diesel)
          • Warning Indicator
      • Bleeding Brake System
        • Notes
        • Component Bleeding
          • Notes
          • Master Cylinder Priming (Bench Bleed)
          • Master Cylinder Priming (On-Vehicle)
          • Caliper
          • Four Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System Hydraulic Control Unit
        • System Bleeding
          • Gravity Bleeding
          • Manual Bleeding
          • Pressure Bleeding
        • Bleeding Sequence
        • Bleeding Hydro-Boost Unit
      • Adjustments
        • Parking Brake
          • Parking Brake Shoe Adjustment
        • Disc Pads
      • Component Tests
        • Notes
        • Brake Booster Function Test
        • Check Valve (Vacuum Booster)
        • Master Cylinder
          • Notes
          • Compensator Port Check
        • Brake Warning Light
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Anchor Plate
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Booster Vacuum Pump
          • Removal & Installation (Diesel)
        • Brake Pedal & Bracket
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Pedal Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Sensor/Switch
        • Brake Rotor Shield
        • Disc Brake Calipers & Pads
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Disc Brake Shield (F250 & F350 2WD)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Brake Rotor
          • Notes
          • Removal (2WD Models)
          • Inspection
          • Installation
          • Removal (4WD Models)
        • Hydro-Boost Unit
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Master Cylinder & Reservoir
          • Removal & Installation
        • Parking Brake
          • Removal & Installation - Lining
          • Control
        • Rear Brake Rotor
          • Notes
          • Removal (Dual Rear Wheels)
          • Installation
          • Removal (Single Rear Wheels)
        • Rear Brake Caliper Support Bracket
          • Removal & Installation
        • Vacuum Power Booster
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
        • Disc Brake Caliper
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning & Inspection
          • Reassembly
        • Master Cylinder
          • Disassembly
          • Inspection
          • Reassembly
      • Torque Specifications
        • Excursion
        • F250 & F350 Super Duty Pickups
        • F450 & F550
      • Disc & Drum Brake Specifications
        • Excursion
        • F250 & F350 Super Duty Pickups
        • F450 & F550 Super Duty Pickups
  • Traction Control
    • Anti-Lock Brake Control System - 4-Wheel - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Anti-Lock Control
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Anti-Lock Control
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Testing
            • B1342
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • B2141, B2477
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • C1226
              • Code Description
              • Testing
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: DTCs C1194, C1196, C1198, C1200, C1202, C1204, C1206, C1208, C1210, C1212, C1214, C1216 - ABS Outlet/Inlet Valve Circuit Failure/Short To Battery
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test B: DTC C1155 - Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Input Circuit Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test C: DTCs C1158, C1233 - Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Input Signal Erratic/Missing
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test D: DTC C1145 - Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Input Circuit Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test E: DTCs C1148, C1234 - Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Input Signal Erratic/Missing
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test F: DTC C1230 - Rear Anti-Lock Wheel Speed Sensor Input Circuit Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test G: DTCs C1229, C1237 - Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Input Signal Erratic/Missing
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test H: Soft Or Excessive Pedal Travel
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test J: DTCs C1095, C1096 - ABS Hydraulic Pump Motor Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test K: DTCs C1113, C1115, C1185 - ABS Power Relay Circuit Failure/Short To Battery
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test L: No Communication With The Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test M: DTC C1169 - Excessive Dump Time
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test N: DTCs C1184 - ABS System Timeout, C1222 - Wheel Speed Error/Mismatch
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test O: DTC B1485 - Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Circuit Failure
              • Notes
              • Code Description
              • Testing
            • Pinpoint Test P: The Yellow ABS Warning Indicator Does Not Self Check
              • Code Description
              • Testing
          • Component Test - Intermittent Failures
            • Notes
            • Power/Ground to Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
            • Yellow ABS Warning Indicator Failure
            • Sensor Failure
      • Removal And Installation
        • Notes
        • Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control
          • Removal and Installation
        • Rear Wheel Speed Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor - 4X2
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor - 4X4
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor Ring - 4X2
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Wheel Speed Sensor Ring - 4X4
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Ring
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
    • Brake System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Brake System
          • Component Locations
            • Notes
            • Adjustable Pedals
            • Adjustable Pedal Operation
            • Memory Adjustable Pedal Operation (Excursion Limited Only)
            • Programming Adjustable Pedal Positions
          • Driver Seat Module
            • Notes
            • Recalling a Stored Adjustable Pedal Position
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Brake System
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Road Test
          • Brake Pads
          • Brake Discs
          • Brake Caliper
          • Brake Caliper Guide Pins
          • Brake Lines and Tubes
          • Non-Pressure Leaks
          • Brake Master Cylinder - Normal Conditions
          • Brake Master Cylinder - Abnormal Conditions
          • Brake Booster
          • Parking Brake
          • Adjustable Pedals With Memory Feature
          • DSM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Charts
            • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart - Adjustable Pedal Without Memory
            • Symptom Chart - Adjustable Pedal With Memory
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Red Brake Warning Indicator Always On
            • Pinpoint Test B: Vibration When The Brakes Are Applied
            • Pinpoint Test C: Adjustable Brake Pedal Does Not Move
            • Pinpoint Test D: Adjustable Pedal Moves Forward Only
            • Pinpoint Test E: Adjustable Pedal Moves Rearward Only
            • Pinpoint Test F: DTCS B1987, B1988, And B1989: Pedal Forward/Rearward Motor Stalled, Forward/Rearward Switch Short To Battery
            • PINPOINT TEST G: DTCS B1990 and B1991: PEDAL FORWARD/REARWARD POTENTIOMETER FEEDBACK CIRCUIT SHORT TO BATTERY
          • Component Tests
          • Accumulator, Hydro-Boost Only
          • Check Valve - Vacuum Booster Only
          • Brake Master Cylinder
          • Compensator Port Check
      • General Procedures
        • Component Bleeding
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Master Cylinder Priming - In-Vehicle or Bench
          • Four Wheel Anti-Lock Brake System (4WABS) Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU)
          • Caliper
        • Brake Disc Machining
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Brake Disc Machining
        • Brake System Bleeding
          • Manual
          • Pressure
        • Hydraulic Leak Check
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Axle Shafts
    • Front Axle Seal/Shaft -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Axle Shaft Seal
        • Special Tool(s)
        • Removal
        • Installation
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Driveline System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Rear Driveline Angle Specifications - Excursion
      • Description And Operation
        • Driveline System
          • Notes
          • Dana S135 Rear Axle Identification Tag
          • Dana 80 Rear Axle Identification Tag
          • Ford Rear Axle Identification Tag
          • Ford Axle Identification Tag Denoting Interchangeability Affected Internally
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Driveline System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
            • Notes
            • Noise Acceptability
            • Universal Joint (U-Joint) Inspection
            • Inspection For Bent Rear Axle Housing
            • Analysis of Leakage
          • Axle Vent
          • Flange Yoke Seal
          • Wheel Hub Oil Seals
            • Notes
            • Analysis of Vibration
          • Tires
          • Driveline Angle
            • Notes
            • Driveline Angle
          • Drive Pinion Stem and Pinion Flange
          • Coupling Shaft/Center Bearing Alignment
          • Bearing Shimming
            • Notes
            • Axle Noise
            • Gear Howl and Whine
          • Bearing Whine
          • Chuckle
          • Knock
          • Clunk
          • Bearing Rumble
            • Notes
            • Total Backlash Check
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Driveline Vibration
            • Runout Check - Half-Round Companion Flange (Ford Axles Only)
            • Differential Check - Traction-Lok® Road Test (Ford)
            • Differential Check - Tractech® Truetrac® (Dana)
            • Differential Check - Trac-Lok® Road Test (Dana)
            • Tooth Contact Pattern Check - Gearset, Dana S135
            • Tooth Contact Pattern Check - Gearset, Except Dana S135
            • Contact Pattern Location - Except Dana S135
      • General Procedures
        • Axle Housing Casting Porosity (Holes in Casting) Repair
    • Rear Drive Axle/Differential - Ford 10.50-Inch Ring Gear -- Excursion & F250-F350 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Rear Drive Axle and Differential
          • Ford 10.50-Inch Axle, Single Rear Wheel
          • Ford 10.50-Inch Axle, Dual Rear Wheel
          • Rear Axle - 10.50-Inch Ring Gear, Traction-Lok®
          • Rear Axle - 10.50-Inch Ring Gear, Conventional
          • Description
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Rear Drive Axle and Differential
      • In-Vehicle Repair
        • Axle Shaft
        • Drive Pinion Flange and Drive Pinion Seal
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Drive Pinion
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Differential Case
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Removal And Installation
        • Axle Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Disassembly And Assembly
        • Differential Case and Ring Gear - One Piece, Conventional
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Differential Case and Ring Gear - Two-Piece, Conventional
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Differential Case and Ring Gear - One-Piece, Traction-Lok
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Differential Case and Ring Gear - Two-Piece, Traction-Lok
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
    • Wheel Hubs & Bearings - Full Floating Axle - DANA -- F350-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Hubs and Bearings
          • F-350
          • F-450 and F-550
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Wheel Hubs and Bearings
      • Removal And Installation
        • Axle Shaft
          • Removal and Installation
        • Hub
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Bearings, Cups and Seals
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Wheel Hubs & Bearings - Full Floating Axle - Ford -- Excursion & F250-F350 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Hubs and Bearings
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Wheel Hubs and Bearings
      • Removal And Installation
        • Axle Shaft
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Bearings, Cups and Seals
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Hub
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
  • Driveshaft & Universal Joints
    • Drive Shafts -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Identification
      • Description
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Inspection
        • Drive Shaft Angles
        • Drive Shaft RUNOUT
      • Removal & Installation
        • Front Drive Shaft
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Drive Shaft
          • Removal (One-Piece)
          • Installation
          • Removal & Installation (Two-Piece)
          • Removal (Three-Piece)
      • Overhaul
        • Notes
        • Drive Shaft Center Bearing
          • Notes
          • Disassembly & Assembly
        • Drive Shaft Slip Yoke
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Single CARDAN Universal Joints
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Double CARDAN Universal Joints
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
      • Torque Specifications
  • Wheel Hubs
    • Wheel Hubs & Bearings - Full Floating Axle - DANA -- F350-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Hubs and Bearings
          • F-350
          • F-450 and F-550
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Wheel Hubs and Bearings
      • Removal And Installation
        • Axle Shaft
          • Removal and Installation
        • Hub
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Bearings, Cups and Seals
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Wheel Hubs & Bearings - Full Floating Axle - Ford -- Excursion & F250-F350 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Hubs and Bearings
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Wheel Hubs and Bearings
      • Removal And Installation
        • Axle Shaft
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Bearings, Cups and Seals
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Hub
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • OEM Connector End Views - F250-550 & Excursion
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C clutch solenoid connector end view (C100)
        • Crankshaft position sensor connector end view (C101)
        • Generator connector end view (C102a)
        • Generator connector end view (C102b)
        • Generator connector end view (C102c)
        • Oil pressure switch connector end view (C103)
        • Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) sensor connector end view (C104)
        • Injection pressure sensor connector end view (C106)
        • Cylinder... head temperature sensor connector end view (C107)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C108)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C109)
        • Inline Connector end view (C110)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 1 Connector end view (C111)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 2 connector end view (C112)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 3 connector end view (C113)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 4 connector end view (C114)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 5 connector end view (C115)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 6 connector end view (C116)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 7 connector end view (C117)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 8 connector end view (C118)
        • Speed control servo connector end view (C122)
        • EVAP canister purge valve connector end view (C123)
        • Brake fluid level switch connector end view (C124)
        • Windshield wiper motor connector end view (C125)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor connector end view (C128)
        • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor connector end view (C129)
        • A/C clutch cycling pressure switch connector end view (C130)
        • Ambient air temperature sensor connector end view (C132)
        • Inline Connector end view (C133)
        • Inline Connector end view (C134)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C135)
        • Windshield washer pump motor connector end view (C137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C139)
        • Inline Connector end view (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #22 connector end view (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 connector end view (C142)
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor connector end view (C143)
        • Inline Connector end view (C144)
        • Inline Connector end view (C145)
        • Inline Connector end view (C146)
        • Wheel speed sensor, left front connector end view (C150)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C155a)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C155b)
        • Wheel speed sensor, right front connector end view (C160)
        • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor connector end view (C167)
        • 4R100 transmission connector end view (C168)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 connector end view (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 connector end view (C172)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor connector end view (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector end view (C175)
        • Forward crash sensor connector end view (C177)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C180)
        • Fuel injector 1 connector end view (C181)
        • Fuel injector 2 connector end view (C182)
        • Fuel injector 3 connector end view (C183)
        • Fuel injector 4 connector end view (C184)
        • Fuel injector 5 connector end view (C185)
        • Fuel injector 6 connector end view (C186)
        • Fuel injector 7 connector end view (C187)
        • Fuel injector 8 connector end view (C188)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) connector end view (C189)
        • Inlet Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) module connector end view (C191)
        • Inline Connector end view (C192)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C193)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor 2 connector end view (C194)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197a)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197b)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202a)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202b)
        • Main light switch connector end view (C205)
        • Inline Connector end view (C210)
        • Inline Connector end view (C211)
        • Inline Connector end view (C212)
        • Inline Connector end view (C213)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218a)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C219)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220a)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220b)
        • Instrument cluster Instrument cluster connector end view (C220c)
        • Inline Connector end view (C237)
        • Inline Connector end view (C238)
        • Inline Connector end view (C248)
        • Ignition switch connector end view (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (DLC) connector end view (C251)
        • Passenger air bag module connector end view (C256)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270a)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270b)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270c)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270d)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270e)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270f)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270g)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270h)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270j)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270k)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270l)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270m)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270p)
        • Inline Connector end view (C275)
        • Brake pedal position switch connector end view (C278)
        • Inertia fuel Shutoff (IFS) switch connector end view (C282)
        • Temperature blend door actuator connector end view (C289)
        • Inline Connector end view (C291)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294a)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294b)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294d)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294e)
        • Inline Connector end view (C298)
        • Inline Connector end view (C299)
        • Inline Connector end view (C300)
        • Passenger safety belt retractor pretensioner connector end view (C303)
        • Inline Connector end view (C311)
        • Inline Connector end view (C312)
        • Inline Connector end view (C313)
        • Inline Connector end view (C314)
        • Inline Connector end view (C315)
        • Inline Connector end view (C316)
        • Driver safety belt retractor pretensioner connector end view (C323)
        • Inline Connector end view (C327)
        • Inline Connector end view (C328)
        • Inline Connector end view (C339)
        • Inline Connector end view (C340)
        • Power seat motor assembly, left connector end view (C353)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C360)
        • Power point connector end view (C380)
        • Sliding door contact switch, right connector end view (C384)
        • Sliding door ajar switch, right connector end view (C398)
        • Inline Connector end view (C405)
        • Inline Connector end view (C406)
        • Inline Connector end view (C411)
        • Lamp assembly, left rear connector end view (C414)
        • Lamp assembly, right rear connector end view (C417)
        • Inline Connector end view (C421)
        • Inline Connector end view (C422)
        • Inline Connector end view (C423)
        • Inline Connector end view (C431)
        • Inline Connector end view (C432)
        • Inline Connector end view (C438)
        • Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister vent value connector end view (C450)
        • Reversing lamp, left connector end view (C451)
        • Rear axle speed sensor connector end view (C455)
        • Reversing lamp, right connector end view (C461)
        • High mounted stoplamp connector end view (C475)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C484)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C485)
        • Master window/door lock/unlock switch connector end view (C508)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, driver side connector end view (C521)
        • Speaker, left front connector end view (C523)
        • Power window motor, driver side front connector end view (C524)
        • Door lock actuator, left front connector end view (C525)
        • Exterior rear view mirror switch connector end view (C527)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C601)
        • Door lock actuator, right front connector end view (C603)
        • Power window motor, passenger side front connector end view (C608)
        • Speaker, right front connector end view (C612)
        • Front passenger window/door lock switch connector end view (C629)
        • Sliding door contact switch, right connector end view (C806)
        • Speaker, right middle connector end view (C813)
        • Side door ajar switch, right connector end view (C816)
        • Side door lock actuator, right connector end view (C817)
        • Vanity mirror lamp, right connector end view (C906)
        • Vanity mirror lamp, left connector end view (C907)
        • Inline Connector end view (C913)
        • Inline Connector end view (C919)
        • Inline Connector end view (C922)
        • Cargo lamp connector end view (C926)
        • Overhead console connector end view (C930)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932)
        • Function selector switch assembly, rear connector end view (C951)
        • Roof marker lamp, left connector end view (C970)
        • Roof marker lamp, left center connector end view (C971)
        • Roof marker lamp, center connector end view (C972)
        • Roof marker lamp, right center connector end view (C973)
        • Roof marker lamp, right connector end view (C974)
        • Video display, left connector end view (C976)
        • Video display, right connector end view (C977)
        • Horn relay connector end view (C1006)
        • A/C clutch relay connector end view (C1008)
        • Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) module connector end view (C1009)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1010)
        • Blower motor relay connector end view (C1011)
        • PCM power relay connector end view (C1016)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017a)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017b)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017c)
        • PCM power diode connector end view (C1018)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1019)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1021)
        • Park/turn lamp, left front connector end view (C1023)
        • Deactivator switch connector end view (C1025)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1026)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) module connector end view (C1030)
        • Heater Blower Motor Resistor connector end view (C1032)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1033)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035a)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035b)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1041)
        • Park/turn lamp, right front connector end view (C1043)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1045)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1046)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1047)
        • Fuel pump relay connector end view (C1051)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1061)
        • Ignition coil connector end view (C1065)
        • Idle Air Control (IAC) valve connector end view (C1066)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1068)
        • EGR vacuum regulator solenoid connector end view (C1072)
        • Fuel heater connector end view (C1076)
        • A/C high pressure switch connector end view (C1078)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084a)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084b)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084c)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084d)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor connector end view (C1087)
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) connector end view (C1088)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100a)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100b)
        • Generator connector end view (C1104a)
        • Generator connector end view (C1104b)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1130)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1147)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1148)
        • Cylinder... head temperature sensor connector end view (C1164)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1168)
        • Injector Driver Module (IDM) connector end view (C1174)
        • Trailer tow relay, reversing lamp connector end view (C1178)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C1180)
        • Fuel injector 1 connector end view (C1181)
        • Fuel injector 2 connector end view (C1182)
        • Fuel injector 3 connector end view (C1183)
        • Fuel injector 4 connector end view (C1184)
        • Fuel injector 5 connector end view (C1185)
        • Fuel injector 6 connector end view (C1186)
        • Trailer tow relay, parking lamp connector end view (C1199)
        • Trailer tow relay, battery charge connector end view (C1200)
        • Fuel injector 9 connector end view (C1204)
        • Fuel injector 10 connector end view (C1205)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 9 connector end view (C1206)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 10 connector end view (C1207)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1220)
        • Front blower motor connector end view (C1227)
        • Injector Driver Module (IDM) power relay connector end view (C1235)
        • Air intake heater grid connector end view (C1239a)
        • Air intake heater grid connector end view (C1239b)
        • Injection Pressure Regulator (IPR) connector end view (C1242)
        • Injection Control Pressure (ICP) sensor connector end view (C1244)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245a)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245b)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245c)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245d)
        • Battery II connector end view (C1249a)
        • Battery II connector end view (C1249b)
        • Stop lamp relay connector end view (C1250)
        • Generator, secondary connector end view (C1251a)
        • Generator, secondary connector end view (C1251b)
        • Vacuum warning switch connector end view (C1252)
        • Fuel pump connector end view (C1253)
        • Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) timer jumper connector end view (C1254)
        • ABS relay connector end view (C1255)
        • High pitch horn connector end view (C1256)
        • Fuel rail temperature sensor connector end view (C1257)
        • Fuel rail cutoff valve connector end view (C1258)
        • Clearance lamp relay connector end view (C1259)
        • Exhaust Back Pressure (EBP) sensor connector end view (C1271)
        • Exhaust Pressure Regulator (EPR) connector end view (C1272)
        • Glow plug control module (GPCM) connector end view (C1273a)
        • Glow plug control module (GPCM) connector end view (C1273b)
        • 4R70W transmission connector end view (C1274)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C1275)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1276)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1278)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1279)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1282)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283a)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283b)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283c)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1284)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1285)
        • Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) module connector end view (C1286)
        • Fuel injector 7 connector end view (C1312)
        • Fuel injector 8 connector end view (C1313)
        • Valve cover assembly, left connector end view (C1317)
        • Valve cover assembly, right connector end view (C1318)
        • Brake shift interlock connector end view (C2008)
        • Parking brake switch connector end view (C2015)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031)
        • Power point connector end view (C2033)
        • Accelerator pedal position sensor connector end view (C2040)
        • Overdrive cancel switch connector end view (C2135)
        • Electronic flasher module connector end view (C2141)
        • Warning buzzer chime module connector end view (C2156)
        • Wiper Control Module (WCM) connector end view (C2157)
        • Idle validation switch connector end view (C2172)
        • Auxiliary Powertrain Control Module (APCM) connector end view (C2176)
        • ABS relay connector end view (C2186)
        • Inline Connector end view (C2187)
        • Radio connector end view (C2188a)
        • Radio connector end view (C2188b)
        • Driveline disconnect switch connector end view (C2190)
        • Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) module connector end view (C2209)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3007)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3047)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3049)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3050)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3051)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3052)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3053)
        • Power point, console 1 connector end view (C3063)
        • Power point, console 2 connector end view (C3064)
        • Video cassette player connector end view (C3076)
        • Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) module connector end view (C3077a)
        • Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) module connector end view (C3077b)
        • Fuel sender connector end view (C3104)
        • Extended range fuel tank valve 1 connector end view (C3122)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C3123)
        • Fuel tank temperature sensor connector end view (C3124)
        • Alt... axle fuel tank valve, front connector end view (C3125)
        • Alt... axle fuel tank valve, rear connector end view (C3126)
        • Fuel pump module connector end view (C3127)
        • In... transit fuel pump module connector end view (C3128)
        • Door ajar switch, left front connector end view (C3129)
        • Speaker, left middle connector end view (C3130)
        • Memory lock module Lock jumper connector end view (C3131)
        • Midship fuel tank valve connector end view (C3132)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3133)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3134)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3135)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3136)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3138)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3139)
        • Remote keyless entry module connector end view (C3140a)
        • Remote keyless entry module connector end view (C3140b)
        • Door ajar switch, right front connector end view (C3141)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3149)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C3166)
        • Reversing alarm speaker connector end view (C4015a)
        • Reversing alarm speaker connector end view (C4015b)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, right rear connector end view (C4032)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, left rear connector end view (C4035)
        • License plate lamp connector end view (C4046)
        • Trailer tow connector, 4... pin connector end view (C4098)
        • Trailer tow connector, 7... pin connector end view (C4099)
        • Auxiliary blower motor connector end view (C4106)
        • Auxiliary blower motor resistor assembly connector end view (C4107)
        • Rear A/C blower speed relay 1 connector end view (C4117)
        • Rear A/C blower speed relay 2 connector end view (C4118)
        • Door ajar switch rear doors connector end view (C4119)
        • Door lock actuator, rear doors connector end view (C4120)
  • Charging Systems
    • Charging System - Battery, Mounting And Cables - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Battery Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Battery and Cables
      • Description And Testing
        • Battery
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Battery Condition Test
      • General Procedures
        • Battery Disconnect
        • Battery Disconnect - Dual
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
      • Removal And Installation
        • Battery
          • Removal and Installation
        • Battery Tray
          • Removal and Installation
        • Battery Cables - Gasoline Engines
          • Removal and Installation
        • Battery Cables - 7.3L Diesel
          • Removal and Installation
    • Charging System - Generators & Regulators - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty (Gasoline)
      • Description
      • Adjustments
        • Belt Tension
      • Trouble Shooting
      • On-Vehicle Testing
        • Battery Drain Test
        • Battery Drains That Shut Off When Battery Cable Is Disconnected Test
        • Generator Load Test
        • Generator No-Load Test
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Battery Is Discharged Or Voltage Is Low
        • Test B: Warning Indicator Is On With Engine Running (System Voltage Does Not Increase)
        • Test C: System Overcharges (Battery Voltage Is Greater Than 15 Volts)
        • Test D: Warning Indicator Is On With Engine Running & System Voltage Increases
        • Test E: Warning Indicator Is Off With Ignition Switch In Run Position & Engine Off
        • Test F: Warning Indicator Flickers Or Operates Intermittently
        • Test G: Generator Noisy
        • Test H: Radio Interference
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Generator
          • Removal & Installation
      • Generator Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • 2002
          • Excursion
          • F250 Super Duty
          • F350 Super Duty
          • F450 Super Duty
          • F550 Super Duty
        • 2003
          • Excursion
          • F250 Super Duty
          • F350 Super Duty
          • F450 Super Duty
          • F550 Super Duty
  • Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
    • Electrical Component Locator - Excursion & F250/F350 Super Duty
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoids & Solenoid Valves
      • Switches
      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
      • Grounds
      • Splices
      • Component Location Graphics
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
    • Identification
      • Notes
      • Auxiliary Relay Box 1
      • Auxiliary Relay Box 2
      • Auxiliary Relay Box 3
      • Auxiliary Relay Box 4
      • Central Junction Box
      • Fusible Links
      • Glow Plug Relay
      • High Speed Blower Motor Relay
      • Manifold Intake Heater Relay
  • Gauges
    • Information Center - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description And Operation
        • Information And Message Center
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Information And Message Center
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
          • Outside Air Temperature
          • Average (AVG) Fuel Economy - Resetting
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Overhead Trip Computer (OTC) Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Compass Is Inaccurate
            • Pinpoint Test B: No Communication With The Message Center - F Series Super Duty
            • Pinpoint Test C: No Communication With The Message Center - Excursion
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Distance To Empty (DTE)/Average Fuel Economy Is Inoperative/Incorrect - F Series Super Duty
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Distance To Empty (DTE)/Average Fuel Economy Is Inoperative/Incorrect - Excursion
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Outside Air Temperature Is Inaccurate/Inoperative
      • General Procedures
        • Vehicle Demagnetizing
        • Compass Zone Adjustment
          • Compass Calibration Zones
        • Compass Calibration
      • Removal And Installation
        • Message Center - F-Super Duty
          • Removal and Installation
        • Message Center - Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
    • Instrument Cluster System And Panel Illumination -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description And Operation
        • Instrument Panel Illumination
          • Notes
          • Dimmable Instrument Cluster and Panel Lighting
          • Non-Dimmable (Fixed) Instrument Cluster and Panel Lighting
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Instrument Panel Illumination
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Control Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Instrument Cluster Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Climate Control Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Audio System Illumination Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test E: A Single Illumination Source Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: A Single Illumination Source Is Inoperative - Steering Wheel Switches
            • Pinpoint Test G: A Single Illumination Source Is Inoperative - Door Lock Control Switches
            • Pinpoint Test H: A Single Illumination Source Is Inoperative - Window Control Switches
      • Removal And Installation
        • Instrument Cluster Bulb
          • Removal and Installation
    • Instrument Panel - Analog -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Locations
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Self-Test
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: No Scan Tool Communication With Instrument Cluster (HEC)
        • Test B: Fuel Gauge Reads Incorrectly
        • Test C: Low Fuel Warning Indicator Always/Never On
        • Test D: Voltage Gauge Reads Incorrectly (M/T Only)
        • Test E: Oil Pressure Gauge Reads Incorrectly
        • Test F: Engine Temperature Gauge Reads Incorrectly
        • Test G: Transmission Temperature Gauge Reads Incorrectly (A/T Only)
        • Test H: Speedometer Is Inoperative Or Inaccurate
        • Test I: Tachometer Reads Incorrectly
        • Test J: Yellow Brake (Abs) Warning Indicator Always/Never On
        • Test K: Red Brake Warning Indicator Always/Never On
        • Test L: Service Engine Soon Warning Indicator Inoperative
        • Test M: Charge System Warning Indicator Inoperative
        • Test N: Air Bag Warning Indicator Always/Never On
        • Test O: High Beam Indicator Inoperative
        • Test P: Left Turn Signal Indicator Inoperative
        • Test Q: Right Turn Signal Indicator Inoperative
        • Test R: Door Ajar Warning Indicator Inoperative, Chime Operative
        • Test S: Safety Belt Warning Indicator Inoperative Or Does Not Operate Correctly, Chime Is Operative
        • Test T: 4X4/4X4 Low Range Indicator Inoperative/Always On (Electronic Shift)
        • Test U: 4X4/4X4 Low Range Indicator Inoperative/Always On (Manual Shift)
        • Test V: Wait To Start Indicator Is Inoperative (Diesel)
        • Test W: Water In Fuel Warning Indicator Inoperative (Diesel)
        • Test X: Speed Control Indicator Is Always/Never On
        • Test Y: Theft Indicator Is Always/Never On (Excursion Only)
        • Test Z: Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Test Aa: Check Gage Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Test Ab: Check Air Filter Indicator Is Always/Never On (Diesel)
        • Test Ac: Instrument Cluster Is Inoperative
      • Component Tests
        • Fuel Gauge Test (Gasoline Only)
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Air Bag Diagnostic Monitor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Air Filter Switch (Diesel)
        • Antenna Base
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (Diesel Only)
        • Floor Console
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Panel
        • Oil Pressure Sending Unit
        • Parking Brake Switch
        • Safety Belt Buckle Switch
        • Vehicle Security Module (VSM)
        • 4WD Control Module
        • 4X4 Range Selector Switch
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • OEM Connector End Views - F250-550 & Excursion
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C clutch solenoid connector end view (C100)
        • Crankshaft position sensor connector end view (C101)
        • Generator connector end view (C102a)
        • Generator connector end view (C102b)
        • Generator connector end view (C102c)
        • Oil pressure switch connector end view (C103)
        • Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) sensor connector end view (C104)
        • Injection pressure sensor connector end view (C106)
        • Cylinder... head temperature sensor connector end view (C107)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C108)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C109)
        • Inline Connector end view (C110)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 1 Connector end view (C111)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 2 connector end view (C112)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 3 connector end view (C113)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 4 connector end view (C114)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 5 connector end view (C115)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 6 connector end view (C116)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 7 connector end view (C117)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 8 connector end view (C118)
        • Speed control servo connector end view (C122)
        • EVAP canister purge valve connector end view (C123)
        • Brake fluid level switch connector end view (C124)
        • Windshield wiper motor connector end view (C125)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor connector end view (C128)
        • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor connector end view (C129)
        • A/C clutch cycling pressure switch connector end view (C130)
        • Ambient air temperature sensor connector end view (C132)
        • Inline Connector end view (C133)
        • Inline Connector end view (C134)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C135)
        • Windshield washer pump motor connector end view (C137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C139)
        • Inline Connector end view (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #22 connector end view (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 connector end view (C142)
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor connector end view (C143)
        • Inline Connector end view (C144)
        • Inline Connector end view (C145)
        • Inline Connector end view (C146)
        • Wheel speed sensor, left front connector end view (C150)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C155a)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C155b)
        • Wheel speed sensor, right front connector end view (C160)
        • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor connector end view (C167)
        • 4R100 transmission connector end view (C168)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 connector end view (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 connector end view (C172)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor connector end view (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector end view (C175)
        • Forward crash sensor connector end view (C177)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C180)
        • Fuel injector 1 connector end view (C181)
        • Fuel injector 2 connector end view (C182)
        • Fuel injector 3 connector end view (C183)
        • Fuel injector 4 connector end view (C184)
        • Fuel injector 5 connector end view (C185)
        • Fuel injector 6 connector end view (C186)
        • Fuel injector 7 connector end view (C187)
        • Fuel injector 8 connector end view (C188)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) connector end view (C189)
        • Inlet Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) module connector end view (C191)
        • Inline Connector end view (C192)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C193)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor 2 connector end view (C194)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197a)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197b)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202a)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202b)
        • Main light switch connector end view (C205)
        • Inline Connector end view (C210)
        • Inline Connector end view (C211)
        • Inline Connector end view (C212)
        • Inline Connector end view (C213)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218a)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C219)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220a)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220b)
        • Instrument cluster Instrument cluster connector end view (C220c)
        • Inline Connector end view (C237)
        • Inline Connector end view (C238)
        • Inline Connector end view (C248)
        • Ignition switch connector end view (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (DLC) connector end view (C251)
        • Passenger air bag module connector end view (C256)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270a)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270b)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270c)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270d)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270e)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270f)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270g)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270h)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270j)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270k)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270l)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270m)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270p)
        • Inline Connector end view (C275)
        • Brake pedal position switch connector end view (C278)
        • Inertia fuel Shutoff (IFS) switch connector end view (C282)
        • Temperature blend door actuator connector end view (C289)
        • Inline Connector end view (C291)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294a)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294b)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294d)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294e)
        • Inline Connector end view (C298)
        • Inline Connector end view (C299)
        • Inline Connector end view (C300)
        • Passenger safety belt retractor pretensioner connector end view (C303)
        • Inline Connector end view (C311)
        • Inline Connector end view (C312)
        • Inline Connector end view (C313)
        • Inline Connector end view (C314)
        • Inline Connector end view (C315)
        • Inline Connector end view (C316)
        • Driver safety belt retractor pretensioner connector end view (C323)
        • Inline Connector end view (C327)
        • Inline Connector end view (C328)
        • Inline Connector end view (C339)
        • Inline Connector end view (C340)
        • Power seat motor assembly, left connector end view (C353)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C360)
        • Power point connector end view (C380)
        • Sliding door contact switch, right connector end view (C384)
        • Sliding door ajar switch, right connector end view (C398)
        • Inline Connector end view (C405)
        • Inline Connector end view (C406)
        • Inline Connector end view (C411)
        • Lamp assembly, left rear connector end view (C414)
        • Lamp assembly, right rear connector end view (C417)
        • Inline Connector end view (C421)
        • Inline Connector end view (C422)
        • Inline Connector end view (C423)
        • Inline Connector end view (C431)
        • Inline Connector end view (C432)
        • Inline Connector end view (C438)
        • Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister vent value connector end view (C450)
        • Reversing lamp, left connector end view (C451)
        • Rear axle speed sensor connector end view (C455)
        • Reversing lamp, right connector end view (C461)
        • High mounted stoplamp connector end view (C475)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C484)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C485)
        • Master window/door lock/unlock switch connector end view (C508)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, driver side connector end view (C521)
        • Speaker, left front connector end view (C523)
        • Power window motor, driver side front connector end view (C524)
        • Door lock actuator, left front connector end view (C525)
        • Exterior rear view mirror switch connector end view (C527)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C601)
        • Door lock actuator, right front connector end view (C603)
        • Power window motor, passenger side front connector end view (C608)
        • Speaker, right front connector end view (C612)
        • Front passenger window/door lock switch connector end view (C629)
        • Sliding door contact switch, right connector end view (C806)
        • Speaker, right middle connector end view (C813)
        • Side door ajar switch, right connector end view (C816)
        • Side door lock actuator, right connector end view (C817)
        • Vanity mirror lamp, right connector end view (C906)
        • Vanity mirror lamp, left connector end view (C907)
        • Inline Connector end view (C913)
        • Inline Connector end view (C919)
        • Inline Connector end view (C922)
        • Cargo lamp connector end view (C926)
        • Overhead console connector end view (C930)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932)
        • Function selector switch assembly, rear connector end view (C951)
        • Roof marker lamp, left connector end view (C970)
        • Roof marker lamp, left center connector end view (C971)
        • Roof marker lamp, center connector end view (C972)
        • Roof marker lamp, right center connector end view (C973)
        • Roof marker lamp, right connector end view (C974)
        • Video display, left connector end view (C976)
        • Video display, right connector end view (C977)
        • Horn relay connector end view (C1006)
        • A/C clutch relay connector end view (C1008)
        • Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) module connector end view (C1009)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1010)
        • Blower motor relay connector end view (C1011)
        • PCM power relay connector end view (C1016)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017a)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017b)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017c)
        • PCM power diode connector end view (C1018)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1019)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1021)
        • Park/turn lamp, left front connector end view (C1023)
        • Deactivator switch connector end view (C1025)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1026)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) module connector end view (C1030)
        • Heater Blower Motor Resistor connector end view (C1032)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1033)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035a)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035b)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1041)
        • Park/turn lamp, right front connector end view (C1043)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1045)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1046)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1047)
        • Fuel pump relay connector end view (C1051)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1061)
        • Ignition coil connector end view (C1065)
        • Idle Air Control (IAC) valve connector end view (C1066)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1068)
        • EGR vacuum regulator solenoid connector end view (C1072)
        • Fuel heater connector end view (C1076)
        • A/C high pressure switch connector end view (C1078)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084a)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084b)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084c)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084d)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor connector end view (C1087)
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) connector end view (C1088)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100a)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100b)
        • Generator connector end view (C1104a)
        • Generator connector end view (C1104b)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1130)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1147)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1148)
        • Cylinder... head temperature sensor connector end view (C1164)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1168)
        • Injector Driver Module (IDM) connector end view (C1174)
        • Trailer tow relay, reversing lamp connector end view (C1178)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C1180)
        • Fuel injector 1 connector end view (C1181)
        • Fuel injector 2 connector end view (C1182)
        • Fuel injector 3 connector end view (C1183)
        • Fuel injector 4 connector end view (C1184)
        • Fuel injector 5 connector end view (C1185)
        • Fuel injector 6 connector end view (C1186)
        • Trailer tow relay, parking lamp connector end view (C1199)
        • Trailer tow relay, battery charge connector end view (C1200)
        • Fuel injector 9 connector end view (C1204)
        • Fuel injector 10 connector end view (C1205)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 9 connector end view (C1206)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 10 connector end view (C1207)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1220)
        • Front blower motor connector end view (C1227)
        • Injector Driver Module (IDM) power relay connector end view (C1235)
        • Air intake heater grid connector end view (C1239a)
        • Air intake heater grid connector end view (C1239b)
        • Injection Pressure Regulator (IPR) connector end view (C1242)
        • Injection Control Pressure (ICP) sensor connector end view (C1244)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245a)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245b)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245c)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245d)
        • Battery II connector end view (C1249a)
        • Battery II connector end view (C1249b)
        • Stop lamp relay connector end view (C1250)
        • Generator, secondary connector end view (C1251a)
        • Generator, secondary connector end view (C1251b)
        • Vacuum warning switch connector end view (C1252)
        • Fuel pump connector end view (C1253)
        • Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) timer jumper connector end view (C1254)
        • ABS relay connector end view (C1255)
        • High pitch horn connector end view (C1256)
        • Fuel rail temperature sensor connector end view (C1257)
        • Fuel rail cutoff valve connector end view (C1258)
        • Clearance lamp relay connector end view (C1259)
        • Exhaust Back Pressure (EBP) sensor connector end view (C1271)
        • Exhaust Pressure Regulator (EPR) connector end view (C1272)
        • Glow plug control module (GPCM) connector end view (C1273a)
        • Glow plug control module (GPCM) connector end view (C1273b)
        • 4R70W transmission connector end view (C1274)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C1275)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1276)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1278)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1279)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1282)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283a)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283b)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283c)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1284)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1285)
        • Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) module connector end view (C1286)
        • Fuel injector 7 connector end view (C1312)
        • Fuel injector 8 connector end view (C1313)
        • Valve cover assembly, left connector end view (C1317)
        • Valve cover assembly, right connector end view (C1318)
        • Brake shift interlock connector end view (C2008)
        • Parking brake switch connector end view (C2015)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031)
        • Power point connector end view (C2033)
        • Accelerator pedal position sensor connector end view (C2040)
        • Overdrive cancel switch connector end view (C2135)
        • Electronic flasher module connector end view (C2141)
        • Warning buzzer chime module connector end view (C2156)
        • Wiper Control Module (WCM) connector end view (C2157)
        • Idle validation switch connector end view (C2172)
        • Auxiliary Powertrain Control Module (APCM) connector end view (C2176)
        • ABS relay connector end view (C2186)
        • Inline Connector end view (C2187)
        • Radio connector end view (C2188a)
        • Radio connector end view (C2188b)
        • Driveline disconnect switch connector end view (C2190)
        • Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) module connector end view (C2209)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3007)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3047)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3049)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3050)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3051)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3052)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3053)
        • Power point, console 1 connector end view (C3063)
        • Power point, console 2 connector end view (C3064)
        • Video cassette player connector end view (C3076)
        • Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) module connector end view (C3077a)
        • Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) module connector end view (C3077b)
        • Fuel sender connector end view (C3104)
        • Extended range fuel tank valve 1 connector end view (C3122)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C3123)
        • Fuel tank temperature sensor connector end view (C3124)
        • Alt... axle fuel tank valve, front connector end view (C3125)
        • Alt... axle fuel tank valve, rear connector end view (C3126)
        • Fuel pump module connector end view (C3127)
        • In... transit fuel pump module connector end view (C3128)
        • Door ajar switch, left front connector end view (C3129)
        • Speaker, left middle connector end view (C3130)
        • Memory lock module Lock jumper connector end view (C3131)
        • Midship fuel tank valve connector end view (C3132)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3133)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3134)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3135)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3136)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3138)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3139)
        • Remote keyless entry module connector end view (C3140a)
        • Remote keyless entry module connector end view (C3140b)
        • Door ajar switch, right front connector end view (C3141)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3149)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C3166)
        • Reversing alarm speaker connector end view (C4015a)
        • Reversing alarm speaker connector end view (C4015b)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, right rear connector end view (C4032)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, left rear connector end view (C4035)
        • License plate lamp connector end view (C4046)
        • Trailer tow connector, 4... pin connector end view (C4098)
        • Trailer tow connector, 7... pin connector end view (C4099)
        • Auxiliary blower motor connector end view (C4106)
        • Auxiliary blower motor resistor assembly connector end view (C4107)
        • Rear A/C blower speed relay 1 connector end view (C4117)
        • Rear A/C blower speed relay 2 connector end view (C4118)
        • Door ajar switch rear doors connector end view (C4119)
        • Door lock actuator, rear doors connector end view (C4120)
  • Starter
    • Starting System - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description
      • Component Locations
      • Adjustments
        • Digital Transmission Range Sensor
      • Trouble Shooting
      • On-Vehicle Testing
        • Notes
        • Voltage Drop Test
        • Starter Ground Circuit Test
        • Starter Current Draw Test
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Engine Does Not Crank & Relay Clicks (Diesel)
        • Test B: Engine Does Not Crank & Relay Clicks (Gasoline)
        • Test C: Engine Does Not Crank & Relay Does Not Click
        • Test D: Engine Cranks Slowly
        • Test E: Unusual Starter Noise
        • Test F: Starter Spins But Engine Does Not Crank
      • Bench Testing
        • Notes
        • Starter Drive Test
        • Starter No-Load Test
        • Starter Solenoid
      • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) Switch
        • Digital Transmission Range Sensor (DTR)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Starter Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Starter Motor Relay
          • Removal & Installation
        • Starter Motor Solenoid Relay - Pickup Chassis
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
      • Starter Motor Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Excursion
        • F250 Super Duty Pickup
        • F350 Super Duty Pickup
        • F450 Super Duty Pickup
        • F550 Super Duty Pickup
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views - F250-550 & Excursion
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C clutch solenoid connector end view (C100)
        • Crankshaft position sensor connector end view (C101)
        • Generator connector end view (C102a)
        • Generator connector end view (C102b)
        • Generator connector end view (C102c)
        • Oil pressure switch connector end view (C103)
        • Engine Oil Temperature (EOT) sensor connector end view (C104)
        • Injection pressure sensor connector end view (C106)
        • Cylinder... head temperature sensor connector end view (C107)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C108)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C109)
        • Inline Connector end view (C110)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 1 Connector end view (C111)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 2 connector end view (C112)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 3 connector end view (C113)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 4 connector end view (C114)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 5 connector end view (C115)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 6 connector end view (C116)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 7 connector end view (C117)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 8 connector end view (C118)
        • Speed control servo connector end view (C122)
        • EVAP canister purge valve connector end view (C123)
        • Brake fluid level switch connector end view (C124)
        • Windshield wiper motor connector end view (C125)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor connector end view (C128)
        • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) sensor connector end view (C129)
        • A/C clutch cycling pressure switch connector end view (C130)
        • Ambient air temperature sensor connector end view (C132)
        • Inline Connector end view (C133)
        • Inline Connector end view (C134)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C135)
        • Windshield washer pump motor connector end view (C137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C139)
        • Inline Connector end view (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #22 connector end view (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 connector end view (C142)
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) sensor connector end view (C143)
        • Inline Connector end view (C144)
        • Inline Connector end view (C145)
        • Inline Connector end view (C146)
        • Wheel speed sensor, left front connector end view (C150)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C155a)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C155b)
        • Wheel speed sensor, right front connector end view (C160)
        • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor connector end view (C167)
        • 4R100 transmission connector end view (C168)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 connector end view (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 connector end view (C172)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor connector end view (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector end view (C175)
        • Forward crash sensor connector end view (C177)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C180)
        • Fuel injector 1 connector end view (C181)
        • Fuel injector 2 connector end view (C182)
        • Fuel injector 3 connector end view (C183)
        • Fuel injector 4 connector end view (C184)
        • Fuel injector 5 connector end view (C185)
        • Fuel injector 6 connector end view (C186)
        • Fuel injector 7 connector end view (C187)
        • Fuel injector 8 connector end view (C188)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) connector end view (C189)
        • Inlet Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) module connector end view (C191)
        • Inline Connector end view (C192)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C193)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor 2 connector end view (C194)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197a)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197b)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202a)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202b)
        • Main light switch connector end view (C205)
        • Inline Connector end view (C210)
        • Inline Connector end view (C211)
        • Inline Connector end view (C212)
        • Inline Connector end view (C213)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218a)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C219)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220a)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220b)
        • Instrument cluster Instrument cluster connector end view (C220c)
        • Inline Connector end view (C237)
        • Inline Connector end view (C238)
        • Inline Connector end view (C248)
        • Ignition switch connector end view (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (DLC) connector end view (C251)
        • Passenger air bag module connector end view (C256)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270a)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270b)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270c)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270d)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270e)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270f)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270g)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270h)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270j)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270k)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270l)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270m)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270p)
        • Inline Connector end view (C275)
        • Brake pedal position switch connector end view (C278)
        • Inertia fuel Shutoff (IFS) switch connector end view (C282)
        • Temperature blend door actuator connector end view (C289)
        • Inline Connector end view (C291)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294a)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294b)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294d)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294e)
        • Inline Connector end view (C298)
        • Inline Connector end view (C299)
        • Inline Connector end view (C300)
        • Passenger safety belt retractor pretensioner connector end view (C303)
        • Inline Connector end view (C311)
        • Inline Connector end view (C312)
        • Inline Connector end view (C313)
        • Inline Connector end view (C314)
        • Inline Connector end view (C315)
        • Inline Connector end view (C316)
        • Driver safety belt retractor pretensioner connector end view (C323)
        • Inline Connector end view (C327)
        • Inline Connector end view (C328)
        • Inline Connector end view (C339)
        • Inline Connector end view (C340)
        • Power seat motor assembly, left connector end view (C353)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C360)
        • Power point connector end view (C380)
        • Sliding door contact switch, right connector end view (C384)
        • Sliding door ajar switch, right connector end view (C398)
        • Inline Connector end view (C405)
        • Inline Connector end view (C406)
        • Inline Connector end view (C411)
        • Lamp assembly, left rear connector end view (C414)
        • Lamp assembly, right rear connector end view (C417)
        • Inline Connector end view (C421)
        • Inline Connector end view (C422)
        • Inline Connector end view (C423)
        • Inline Connector end view (C431)
        • Inline Connector end view (C432)
        • Inline Connector end view (C438)
        • Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister vent value connector end view (C450)
        • Reversing lamp, left connector end view (C451)
        • Rear axle speed sensor connector end view (C455)
        • Reversing lamp, right connector end view (C461)
        • High mounted stoplamp connector end view (C475)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C484)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C485)
        • Master window/door lock/unlock switch connector end view (C508)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, driver side connector end view (C521)
        • Speaker, left front connector end view (C523)
        • Power window motor, driver side front connector end view (C524)
        • Door lock actuator, left front connector end view (C525)
        • Exterior rear view mirror switch connector end view (C527)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C601)
        • Door lock actuator, right front connector end view (C603)
        • Power window motor, passenger side front connector end view (C608)
        • Speaker, right front connector end view (C612)
        • Front passenger window/door lock switch connector end view (C629)
        • Sliding door contact switch, right connector end view (C806)
        • Speaker, right middle connector end view (C813)
        • Side door ajar switch, right connector end view (C816)
        • Side door lock actuator, right connector end view (C817)
        • Vanity mirror lamp, right connector end view (C906)
        • Vanity mirror lamp, left connector end view (C907)
        • Inline Connector end view (C913)
        • Inline Connector end view (C919)
        • Inline Connector end view (C922)
        • Cargo lamp connector end view (C926)
        • Overhead console connector end view (C930)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932)
        • Function selector switch assembly, rear connector end view (C951)
        • Roof marker lamp, left connector end view (C970)
        • Roof marker lamp, left center connector end view (C971)
        • Roof marker lamp, center connector end view (C972)
        • Roof marker lamp, right center connector end view (C973)
        • Roof marker lamp, right connector end view (C974)
        • Video display, left connector end view (C976)
        • Video display, right connector end view (C977)
        • Horn relay connector end view (C1006)
        • A/C clutch relay connector end view (C1008)
        • Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) module connector end view (C1009)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1010)
        • Blower motor relay connector end view (C1011)
        • PCM power relay connector end view (C1016)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017a)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017b)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017c)
        • PCM power diode connector end view (C1018)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1019)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1021)
        • Park/turn lamp, left front connector end view (C1023)
        • Deactivator switch connector end view (C1025)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1026)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) module connector end view (C1030)
        • Heater Blower Motor Resistor connector end view (C1032)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1033)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035a)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035b)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1041)
        • Park/turn lamp, right front connector end view (C1043)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1045)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1046)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1047)
        • Fuel pump relay connector end view (C1051)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1061)
        • Ignition coil connector end view (C1065)
        • Idle Air Control (IAC) valve connector end view (C1066)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1068)
        • EGR vacuum regulator solenoid connector end view (C1072)
        • Fuel heater connector end view (C1076)
        • A/C high pressure switch connector end view (C1078)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084a)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084b)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084c)
        • Glow plug relay connector end view (C1084d)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) sensor connector end view (C1087)
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) connector end view (C1088)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100a)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100b)
        • Generator connector end view (C1104a)
        • Generator connector end view (C1104b)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1130)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1147)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1148)
        • Cylinder... head temperature sensor connector end view (C1164)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1168)
        • Injector Driver Module (IDM) connector end view (C1174)
        • Trailer tow relay, reversing lamp connector end view (C1178)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C1180)
        • Fuel injector 1 connector end view (C1181)
        • Fuel injector 2 connector end view (C1182)
        • Fuel injector 3 connector end view (C1183)
        • Fuel injector 4 connector end view (C1184)
        • Fuel injector 5 connector end view (C1185)
        • Fuel injector 6 connector end view (C1186)
        • Trailer tow relay, parking lamp connector end view (C1199)
        • Trailer tow relay, battery charge connector end view (C1200)
        • Fuel injector 9 connector end view (C1204)
        • Fuel injector 10 connector end view (C1205)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 9 connector end view (C1206)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 10 connector end view (C1207)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1220)
        • Front blower motor connector end view (C1227)
        • Injector Driver Module (IDM) power relay connector end view (C1235)
        • Air intake heater grid connector end view (C1239a)
        • Air intake heater grid connector end view (C1239b)
        • Injection Pressure Regulator (IPR) connector end view (C1242)
        • Injection Control Pressure (ICP) sensor connector end view (C1244)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245a)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245b)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245c)
        • Manifold intake air heater relay connector end view (C1245d)
        • Battery II connector end view (C1249a)
        • Battery II connector end view (C1249b)
        • Stop lamp relay connector end view (C1250)
        • Generator, secondary connector end view (C1251a)
        • Generator, secondary connector end view (C1251b)
        • Vacuum warning switch connector end view (C1252)
        • Fuel pump connector end view (C1253)
        • Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) timer jumper connector end view (C1254)
        • ABS relay connector end view (C1255)
        • High pitch horn connector end view (C1256)
        • Fuel rail temperature sensor connector end view (C1257)
        • Fuel rail cutoff valve connector end view (C1258)
        • Clearance lamp relay connector end view (C1259)
        • Exhaust Back Pressure (EBP) sensor connector end view (C1271)
        • Exhaust Pressure Regulator (EPR) connector end view (C1272)
        • Glow plug control module (GPCM) connector end view (C1273a)
        • Glow plug control module (GPCM) connector end view (C1273b)
        • 4R70W transmission connector end view (C1274)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C1275)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1276)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1278)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1279)
        • Inline Connector end view (C1282)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283a)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283b)
        • Auxiliary battery relay connector end view (C1283c)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1284)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1285)
        • Intake Manifold Runner Control (IMRC) module connector end view (C1286)
        • Fuel injector 7 connector end view (C1312)
        • Fuel injector 8 connector end view (C1313)
        • Valve cover assembly, left connector end view (C1317)
        • Valve cover assembly, right connector end view (C1318)
        • Brake shift interlock connector end view (C2008)
        • Parking brake switch connector end view (C2015)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031)
        • Power point connector end view (C2033)
        • Accelerator pedal position sensor connector end view (C2040)
        • Overdrive cancel switch connector end view (C2135)
        • Electronic flasher module connector end view (C2141)
        • Warning buzzer chime module connector end view (C2156)
        • Wiper Control Module (WCM) connector end view (C2157)
        • Idle validation switch connector end view (C2172)
        • Auxiliary Powertrain Control Module (APCM) connector end view (C2176)
        • ABS relay connector end view (C2186)
        • Inline Connector end view (C2187)
        • Radio connector end view (C2188a)
        • Radio connector end view (C2188b)
        • Driveline disconnect switch connector end view (C2190)
        • Electronic Crash Sensor (ECS) module connector end view (C2209)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3007)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3047)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3049)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3050)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3051)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3052)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3053)
        • Power point, console 1 connector end view (C3063)
        • Power point, console 2 connector end view (C3064)
        • Video cassette player connector end view (C3076)
        • Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) module connector end view (C3077a)
        • Rear Seat Entertainment (RSE) module connector end view (C3077b)
        • Fuel sender connector end view (C3104)
        • Extended range fuel tank valve 1 connector end view (C3122)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C3123)
        • Fuel tank temperature sensor connector end view (C3124)
        • Alt... axle fuel tank valve, front connector end view (C3125)
        • Alt... axle fuel tank valve, rear connector end view (C3126)
        • Fuel pump module connector end view (C3127)
        • In... transit fuel pump module connector end view (C3128)
        • Door ajar switch, left front connector end view (C3129)
        • Speaker, left middle connector end view (C3130)
        • Memory lock module Lock jumper connector end view (C3131)
        • Midship fuel tank valve connector end view (C3132)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3133)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3134)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3135)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3136)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3138)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3139)
        • Remote keyless entry module connector end view (C3140a)
        • Remote keyless entry module connector end view (C3140b)
        • Door ajar switch, right front connector end view (C3141)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3149)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C3166)
        • Reversing alarm speaker connector end view (C4015a)
        • Reversing alarm speaker connector end view (C4015b)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, right rear connector end view (C4032)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, left rear connector end view (C4035)
        • License plate lamp connector end view (C4046)
        • Trailer tow connector, 4... pin connector end view (C4098)
        • Trailer tow connector, 7... pin connector end view (C4099)
        • Auxiliary blower motor connector end view (C4106)
        • Auxiliary blower motor resistor assembly connector end view (C4107)
        • Rear A/C blower speed relay 1 connector end view (C4117)
        • Rear A/C blower speed relay 2 connector end view (C4118)
        • Door ajar switch rear doors connector end view (C4119)
        • Door lock actuator, rear doors connector end view (C4120)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cruise Control
        • 5.4L
        • 6.8L
        • 7.3L Di Turbo Diesel
      • Defoggers
      • Engine Performance
        • 5.4L
        • 6.8L
        • 7.3L Di Turbo Diesel
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Memory Systems
      • Navigation
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlock
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
        • Notes
        • 5.4L
        • 6.8L
        • 7.3L Diesel
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
    • Cooling System Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Belt Adjustment
        • Notes
        • Belt Tension Adjustment Specifications (Villager)
        • Belt Tension Adjustment Specifications (Except Villager)
      • Drive Belt Routing
        • Notes
        • Drive Belt Routing (ECONOLINE & F150 Pickup - 4.2L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (BLACKWOOD, ECONOLINE, Excursion, Expedition, F150-550 Pickup & Navigator 4.6L, 5.4L & 6.8L With A/C, & Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (ECONOLINE - 7.3L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Escape - 2.0L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Excursion & F250-550 Pickup 7.3L Diesel)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport TRAC, Mountaineer & Ranger - 4.0L SOHC With A/C)
        • Drive Belt Routing (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC)
        • Ranger - Except 4.0L SOHC With A/C
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 2.3L)
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 3.0L)
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 4.0L SOHC)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Villager - 3.3L With A/C)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Windstar - 3.8L)
      • Cooling System Specifications
        • Coolant Replacement Interval
        • Cooling System Specifications (BLACKWOOD)
        • Cooling System Specifications (ECONOLINE)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Expedition & Navigator)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Excursion & F250-550 Pickups)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Escape)
        • Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport TRAC, Mountaineer
        • Cooling System Specifications (F150 Pickup)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Ranger)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Villager)
        • Cooling System Specifications (WINDSTAR)
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Emission Control System Visual Inspection Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Emission Control Labels
      • Emission Control Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
        • Thermostatic Air Cleaner (TAC)
        • Fuel Evaporative System (EVAP)
        • Catalytic Converters
          • Oxidation Catalyst (OC)
          • Three-Way Catalyst (TWC)
          • Three-Way Catalyst + Oxidation Catalyst (TWC + OC)
        • Fill Pipe RESTRICTOR (Fr)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) System
          • Single Diaphragm EGR Valve
          • Dual Diaphragm EGR Valve
          • Positive Backpressure EGR (BP/EGR) Valve
          • Negative Backpressure EGR (BP/EGR) Valve
          • Digital EGR Valve
          • Integrated Electronic EGR Valve
        • Spark Controls (SPK)
        • Air Injection System (AIS)
          • Air Pump Injection System (AP)
          • Pulsed Secondary Air Injection (PAIR) System
        • Oxygen Sensor (O2)
        • Computerized Engine Controls (CEC)
        • Early Fuel Evaporation (EFE)
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Light (EMR) (If Equipped)
        • Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Cooling System Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Belt Adjustment
        • Notes
        • Belt Tension Adjustment Specifications (Villager)
        • Belt Tension Adjustment Specifications (Except Villager)
      • Drive Belt Routing
        • Notes
        • Drive Belt Routing (ECONOLINE & F150 Pickup - 4.2L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (BLACKWOOD, ECONOLINE, Excursion, Expedition, F150-550 Pickup & Navigator 4.6L, 5.4L & 6.8L With A/C, & Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (ECONOLINE - 7.3L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Escape - 2.0L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Excursion & F250-550 Pickup 7.3L Diesel)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport TRAC, Mountaineer & Ranger - 4.0L SOHC With A/C)
        • Drive Belt Routing (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC)
        • Ranger - Except 4.0L SOHC With A/C
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 2.3L)
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 3.0L)
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 4.0L SOHC)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Villager - 3.3L With A/C)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Windstar - 3.8L)
      • Cooling System Specifications
        • Coolant Replacement Interval
        • Cooling System Specifications (BLACKWOOD)
        • Cooling System Specifications (ECONOLINE)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Expedition & Navigator)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Excursion & F250-550 Pickups)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Escape)
        • Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport TRAC, Mountaineer
        • Cooling System Specifications (F150 Pickup)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Ranger)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Villager)
        • Cooling System Specifications (WINDSTAR)
    • Engine Cooling System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Engine Cooling
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Engine Cooling
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Loss Of Coolant
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Engine Overheats
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Engine Does Not Reach Normal Operating Temperature
          • Component Tests
            • Pressure Test
            • Cap
            • Thermostat - Water
            • Thermostat - Electrical Test
            • Thermostat - Mechanical Test
            • Radiator Leak Test, Removed From the Vehicle
            • Fan Inspection
            • Fan Clutch Test
              • Notes
              • Fan Clutch Test - Minimum Speed Requirement
              • Fan Clutch Test - Maximum Speed Requirement
      • General Procedures
        • Cooling System Draining, Filling and Bleeding
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Draining
          • Filling and Bleeding with RADKITPLUS
          • Filling and Bleeding without RADKITPLUS
        • Flushing - Engine and Radiator
        • Backflushing - Heater Core
      • Removal And Installation
        • Block Heater - Gasoline Engines
          • Material
          • Removal and Installation
        • Block Heater - 7.3L Diesel
          • Removal and Installation
        • Thermostat
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Water Pump - Gasoline Engines
          • Material
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Water Pump - 7.3L Diesel
          • Removal and Installation
        • Radiator
          • Removal and Installation
        • Cooling Fan - Blade, Clutch and Shroud
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Degas Bottle
          • Removal and Installation
  • Mechanical
    • Engine - 6.8L -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Engine
          • Engine Component View
          • Engine Intake Components
          • Low End Components
          • Upper End Components
          • Major Exterior Components
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Engine
      • In-Vehicle Repair
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Valve Cover-LH
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Valve Cover-RH
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Pulley
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Front Oil Seal
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Engine Front Cover
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Timing Drive Components
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Camshaft
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Exhaust Manifold - RH
          • Removal and Installation
        • Exhaust Manifold - LH
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Cylinder Head
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Oil Filter Adapter - 4x2
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Oil Filter Adapter - 4x4
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Oil Level Indicator and Tube
          • Material
          • Removal and Installation
        • Oil Pan
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Oil Pump
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Flexplate
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Rear Oil Seal
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Rear Oil Seal-With Retainer Plate
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Engine Mounts
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Removal
        • Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
      • Disassembly
        • Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
      • Disassembly And Assembly Of Subassemblies
        • Cylinder Head
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Piston - Pin Connecting Rod, Floating Pin
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Intake Manifold Assembly
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
      • Assembly
        • Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Assembly
      • Installation
        • Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Installation
    • Engine System - General Information - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty (Gasoline)
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Engine
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Engine Oil Leaks
            • Engine Oil Leaks - Fluorescent Oil Additive Method
            • Leakage Points - Underhood
            • Leakage Points - Under Engine, With Vehicle on Hoist
            • Leakage Points - With Transmission and Flywheel Removed
          • Compression Test - Compression Gauge Check
            • Notes
            • Compression Test - Test Results
            • Compression Test - Interpreting Compression Readings
          • Cylinder Leakage Detection
          • Excessive Engine Oil Consumption
            • Notes
            • Basic Pre-checks
            • Detailed Pre-checks
            • Oil Consumption Test
            • Post Checks, Evaluation and Corrective Action
          • Intake Manifold Vacuum Test
            • Notes
            • Intake Manifold Vacuum Test - Interpreting Vacuum Gauge Readings
            • Oil Pressure Test
          • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Valve Cover Removed
            • Notes
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Rocker Arm
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Camshaft Roller Followers and Hydraulic Lash Adjusters, Overhead Camshaft
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Camshaft - Engines
            • Valve Train Analysis - Valve Springs
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Valve Spring Retainer and Valve Spring Retainer Keys
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Valves and Cylinder Head
          • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running
            • Notes
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running, Valves and Cylinder Head
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running, Camshaft Lobe Lift - OHC Engines
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running, Valve Tappet
      • General Procedures
        • Sprockets
        • Camshaft Journal - Diameter
        • Camshaft Journal - Clearance, Plastigage Method
        • Camshaft End Play - OHC Engines
        • Camshaft - Lobe Surface
        • Camshaft Lobe Lift
        • Camshaft Runout
        • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Diameter
        • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Taper
        • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Clearance
        • Crankshaft End Play
        • Crankshaft Runout
        • Crankshaft - Connecting Rod Journal Taper, Out of Round
        • Cylinder Bore - Taper
        • Cylinder Bore - Out-of-Round
        • Piston Inspection
        • Piston - Pin to Bore Diameter
        • Piston - Diameter
        • Piston - to Cylinder Bore Clearance
        • Piston - Selection
        • Piston - Ring End Gap
        • Piston - Ring-to-Groove Clearance
        • Piston - Pin Diameter
        • Connecting Rod - Cleaning
        • Connecting Rod - Large End Bore
        • Connecting Rod - Bushing Diameter
        • Connecting Rod - Bend
        • Connecting Rod - Twist
        • Connecting Rod - Piston Pin Side Clearance
        • Connecting Rod - Bearing Journal Clearance
        • Roller Follower - Inspection
          • Push rod engines
          • OHC engines
        • Valve Tappet - Inspection
          • Push rod engines
          • OHC engines
        • Valve - Stem Diameter
        • Valve - Stem to Valve Guide Clearance
        • Valve - Inspection
        • Valve - Guide Inner Diameter
        • Valve - Guide Reaming
        • Valve - Spring Installed Length
        • Valve - Spring Free Length
        • Valve - Spring Squareness
        • Valve Spring Strength
        • Valve - Seat Inspection
          • Valve and Seat Refacing Measurements
        • Valve - Seat Width
        • Valve - Seat Runout
        • Cylinder Head - Distortion
        • Cylinder Bore - Cleaning
        • Cylinder Block Core Plug Replacement
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Removal
          • Cup-Type
          • Expansion-Type
        • Spark Plug - Inspection
        • Exhaust Manifold - Inspection
        • Bearing - Inspection
  • Starter
    • Starting System - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Description
      • Component Locations
      • Adjustments
        • Digital Transmission Range Sensor
      • Trouble Shooting
      • On-Vehicle Testing
        • Notes
        • Voltage Drop Test
        • Starter Ground Circuit Test
        • Starter Current Draw Test
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Engine Does Not Crank & Relay Clicks (Diesel)
        • Test B: Engine Does Not Crank & Relay Clicks (Gasoline)
        • Test C: Engine Does Not Crank & Relay Does Not Click
        • Test D: Engine Cranks Slowly
        • Test E: Unusual Starter Noise
        • Test F: Starter Spins But Engine Does Not Crank
      • Bench Testing
        • Notes
        • Starter Drive Test
        • Starter No-Load Test
        • Starter Solenoid
      • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) Switch
        • Digital Transmission Range Sensor (DTR)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Starter Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Starter Motor Relay
          • Removal & Installation
        • Starter Motor Solenoid Relay - Pickup Chassis
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
      • Starter Motor Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Excursion
        • F250 Super Duty Pickup
        • F350 Super Duty Pickup
        • F450 Super Duty Pickup
        • F550 Super Duty Pickup
• Engine Performance
  • Engine Control System - Adjustments
    • Engine Mechanical
    • Valve Clearance
    • Ignition Timing
      • Gasoline Engines
        • Except Villager
        • Villager
    • Injector Timing
      • Diesel Engines
    • Idle Speed
      • Gasoline Engines
        • Except Villager
        • Villager
      • Diesel Engines
    • Throttle Position Sensor
      • Gasoline Engines
        • Except Villager
        • Villager
    • Accelerator Pedal Sensor
      • Diesel Engines
  • Application
    • Engine Introduction - Trucks
      • Engine Introduction - Trucks
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1
          • Brake Type & Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) - Position 2
          • Line, Series & Body Type Code - Position 3
          • Engine Code - Position 4
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 5
          • Model Year Code - Position 6
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 7
          • Production Sequence Number - Position 8
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
        • Engine Code Location
  • Emissions
    • Emission Applications - Gas
      • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
  • Mode 6 - 2002 Ford - Except Diesel
    • Introduction
    • Catalyst Monitor
    • Misfire Monitor
    • Air System Monitor
    • EVAP Monitor
    • Front Ho2S Monitor
    • Rear Ho2S Monitor
    • EGR Monitor
  • Engine Controls - Pin Voltage Charts
    • Introduction
    • Test Equipment
    • Test Procedures
      • Notes
      • Pin Voltage Testing
      • Symptom Testing
        • Notes
        • Reference Value Symptom-To-PID (Bi-Fuel)
        • Reference Value Symptom-To-PID (Gasoline & NGV)
      • PID Testing
        • Notes
        • Accessing Generic OBD-II PIDs
        • Accessing Ford Specific PIDs
      • Pcm Connectors
      • Powertrain Control Module Locations
    • PID Definitions & Pin Voltage/PID Values
      • Notes
      • PID Definitions
        • Generic OBD-II PID Definitions
        • Ford Motor Co. Gasoline OBD-II PID Definitions
        • Ford Motor Co. Bi-Fuel OBD-II PID Definitions
      • Pin Voltage/PID Value Tables
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Blackwood & Navigator 5.4L 4V A/T
          • BLACKWOOD & Navigator 5.4L 4V A/T - Inputs
          • BLACKWOOD & Navigator 5.4L 4V A/T - Outputs
          • BLACKWOOD & Navigator 5.4L 4V A/T - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline 5.4L A/T (Compressed Natural Gas)
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L A/T (Compressed Natural Gas) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L A/T (Compressed Natural Gas) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L A/T (Compressed Natural Gas) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W)
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R100)
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline, Excursion & F250-550 7.3L Diesel
          • 7.3L Diesel - Inputs & Outputs
        • Econoline, Expedition & F150 4.6L A/T (4R70W)
          • ECONOLINE, Expedition & F150 4.6L A/T (4R70W) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE, Expedition & F150 4.6L A/T - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE, Expedition & F150 4.6L A/T - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline & F150 Pickup 4.2L A/T (4R70W)
          • ECONOLINE & F150 4.2L A/T (4R70W) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE & F150 4.2L A/T (4R70W) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE & F150 4.2L A/T (4R70W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline & F250-550 6.8L A/T (4R100)
          • ECONOLINE & F250-550 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE & F250-550 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE & F250-550 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Escape 2.0L 4V M/T
          • Escape 2.0L 4V M/T - Inputs
          • Escape 2.0L 4V M/T - Outputs
          • Escape 2.0L 4V M/T - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Escape 3.0L 4V A/T
          • Escape 3.0L 4V A/T - Inputs
          • Escape 3.0L 4V A/T - Outputs
          • Escape 3.0L 4V A/T - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Excursion 5.4L A/T (4R100)
          • Excursion 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • Excursion 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • Excursion 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Excursion 6.8L A/T (4R100)
          • Excursion 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • Excursion 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • Excursion 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Expedition & F150 5.4L 2V A/T (4R100)
          • Expedition & F150 5.4L 2V A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • Expedition & F150 5.4L 2V A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • Expedition & F150 5.4L 2V A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.0L A/T (5R55W)
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.0L A/T (5R55W) - Inputs
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.0L A/T (5R55W) - Outputs
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.0L A/T (5R55W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R4)
          • Explorer 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R4) - Inputs
          • Explorer 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R4) - Outputs
          • Explorer 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R4) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L A/T (5R55W)
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L A/T (5R55W) - Inputs
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L A/T (5R55W) - Outputs
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L A/T (5R55W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac 4.0L A/T (Flexible Fuel)
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Flexible Fuel) - Inputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Flexible Fuel) - Outputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Flexible Fuel) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac 4.0L A/T (Gasoline)
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Gasoline) - Inputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Gasoline) - Outputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Gasoline) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1)
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Inputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Outputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 4.2L M/T (M5OD-R2)
          • F150 4.2L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Inputs
          • F150 4.2L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Outputs
          • F150 4.2L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 4.6L M/T (M5OD-R2)
          • F150 4.6L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Inputs
          • F150 4.6L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Outputs
          • F150 4.6L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W)
          • F150 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Inputs
          • F150 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Outputs
          • F150 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 5.4L Compressed Natural Gas A/T (4R70W & 4R100)
          • F150 5.4L Compressed Natural Gas A/T (4R70W & 4R100) - Inputs
          • F150 5.4L Compressed Natural Gas A/T (4R70W & 4R100) - Outputs
          • F150 5.4L Compressed Natural Gas A/T (4R70W & 4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 5.4L (Bi-Fuel)
          • F150 5.4L (Bi-Fuel) - Inputs
          • F150 5.4L (Bi-Fuel) - Outputs
          • Cause PID Fault Definitions
        • F150 5.4L SC Lightning A/T (4R100)
          • F150 5.4L SC Lightning A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • F150 5.4L SC Lightning A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • F150 5.4L SC Lightning A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F250-550 5.4L A/T (4R100)
          • F250-350 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • F250-350 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • F250-350 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F250-350 5.4L M/T (ZF S6-650)
          • F250-350 5.4L M/T (ZF S6-650) - Inputs
          • F250-350 5.4L M/T (ZF S6-650) - Outputs
          • F250-350 5.4L M/T (ZF S6-650) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F250-550 6.8L M/T (S6-650)
          • F250-550 6.8L M/T (S6-650) - Inputs
          • F250-550 6.8L M/T (S6-650) - Outputs
          • F250-550 6.8L M/T (S6-650) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F650-750 7.3L Diesel
          • 7.3L Diesel - Inputs & Outputs
        • Ranger 2.3L A/T (5R44E)
          • Ranger 2.3L A/T (5R44E) - Inputs
          • Ranger 2.3L A/T (5R44E) - Outputs
          • Ranger 2.3L A/T (5R44E) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 2.3L M/T (M5OD-R1)
          • Ranger 2.3L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Inputs
          • Ranger 2.3L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Outputs
          • Ranger 2.3L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 3.0L Gasoline A/T (5R44E)
          • Ranger 3.0L Gasoline A/T (5R44E) - Inputs
          • Ranger 3.0L Gasoline A/T (5R44E) - Outputs
          • Ranger 3.0L Gasoline A/T (5R44E) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 3.0L Flexible Fuel A/T (5R44E)
          • Ranger 3.0L Flexible Fuel A/T (5R44E) - Inputs
          • Ranger 3.0L Flexible Fuel A/T (5R44E) - Outputs
          • Ranger 3.0L Flexible Fuel A/T (5R44E) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 3.0L M/T (M5OD-R1)
          • Ranger 3.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Inputs
          • Ranger 3.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Outputs
          • Ranger 3.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 4.0L A/T (5R55E)
          • Ranger 4.0L A/T (5R55E) - Inputs
          • Ranger 4.0L A/T (5R55E) - Outputs
          • Ranger 4.0L A/T (5R55E) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1)
          • Ranger 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Inputs
          • Ranger 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Outputs
          • Ranger 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Villager 3.3L A/T (4F20E)
          • Villager 3.3L A/T (4F20E) - Inputs
          • Villager 3.3L - Outputs
        • Windstar 3.8L A/T (4F50N)
          • WINDSTAR 3.8L A/T (4F50N) - Inputs
          • WINDSTAR 3.8L A/T (4F50N) - Outputs
          • WINDSTAR 3.8L A/T (4F50N) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Engine Controls - Removal, Overhaul & Installation -- ECONOLINE, Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty - Gasoline
      • Introduction
      • Engine Cover
        • ECONOLINE
          • Removal & Installation
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Intake Manifold (4.2L)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Intake Manifold (4.6L & 5.4L)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Intake Manifold (6.8L)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Intake Manifold Runner Control Actuator (4.2L)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
        • Knock Sensor
      • Cooling Systems
        • Notes
        • Cooling System Bleeding
      • Ignition Systems
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Camshaft Synchronizer
          • Notes
          • Removal (4.2 Econoline)
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Ignition Coils
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (4.2L Coil Pack)
          • Removal & Installation (Coil-On-Plug)
        • Knock Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel System Safety Precautions
          • Safe Fuel Handling Practices
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch Reset Procedure
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
        • Fuel Line Connectors
          • Push Connect Coupling
          • "R" Clip Coupling
          • Spring Lock Coupling
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Fuel Filter
          • Fuel Filter Removal & Installation - Econoline
          • Fuel Filter Removal & Installation - Excursion, F-Super Duty Series
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Fuel Pump
          • Removal & Installation
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Fuel Tank
          • E150-450 Middle Tank
          • E150-450 Aft Tank
          • E550
          • Excursion & F250-550 Pickup Middle Tank
          • Excursion & F250-550 Pickup Aft Tank
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Evaporative Emissions Systems
        • Evaporative Emissions System Safety Precautions
        • Vapor Tube Fittings
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • After Repair Procedure
      • Torque Specifications
        • Notes
        • ECONOLINE Torque Specifications
        • Excursion & F250-550 Pickup Torque Specifications
  • Sensor Range Charts
    • Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts
      • Introduction
  • Specifications
    • Engine Controls - Service & Adjustment Specifications
      • Introduction
      • Capacities
        • Cooling System Capacities
        • Engine Oil Capacities
        • Transmission & Transfer Case Capacities
        • Differential Fluid Capacities
      • Quick-Service
        • Service Intervals & Specifications
        • Belt Adjustment
      • Mechanical Checks
        • Engine Compression
          • Diesel Engines
          • Gasoline Engines
        • Valve Clearance
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Supercharger
      • Ignition Systems
        • High Tension Wire Resistance
        • Spark Plugs
          • Notes
          • Spark Plug Specifications (4-Cylinder)
          • Spark Plug Specifications (V6)
          • Spark Plug Specifications (V8)
          • Spark Plug Specifications (V10)
        • Firing Order & Timing Marks
          • Notes
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (2.0L)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (2.0L)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (2.3L)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (3.0L Ranger)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (3.0L Escape)
          • Firing Order (3.3L)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (3.8L)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (3.8L)
          • Firing Order (4.0L - Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (4.0L - Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (4.0L - Ranger)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (4.0L - Ranger)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (4.2L - E-Series)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (4.2L - E-Series)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (4.2L - F-Series)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (4.2L - F-Series)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (4.6L & 5.4L)
          • Spark Plug Coils & Firing Order (4.6L) (Not Coil On Plug)
          • Spark Plug Coils (4.6L & 5.4L)
          • Spark Plug Coils (5.4L)
          • Firing Order (6.8L)
          • Spark Plug Coils (6.8L)
          • Firing Order (7.3L Diesel)
        • Ignition Timing
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel Pump
        • Idle Mixture
        • Idle Speed
          • Villager
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • TP Sensor Output (Villager)
          • TP Sensor Output (Except Villager)
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
      • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
        • Notes
        • 3 Cylinder Engine
        • 4 Cylinder Engine
        • 5 Cylinder Engine
        • V6 Engine
          • 3.3L (VIN T) Engines
          • 3.0L Villager Engine
          • All Other V6 Engines Except 3.3L (VIN T) & 3.0L Villager Engine
        • V8 Engine
          • 3.9L (VIN A) V8 Engines
          • 5.2L V8 Engines
          • 5.0L (Mustang Only) & 6.2L V8 Engines
          • All Other Gasoline V8 Engines Except 3.9L (VIN A), 5.0L (Mustang Only), 5.2L & 6.2L
          • Diesel V8 Engine (To 2010)
          • 6.7L Diesel V8 Engine (From 2011)
        • V10 Engine
    • Fuel System Pressure Specifications
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel Pressure - Cars
        • Fuel Pressure - Trucks
  • System
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures - Except Diesel
      • Introduction
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • Fuel Systems
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Checks
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • Notes
          • Gasoline Engines
        • Fuel Pressure
          • Bi-Fuel & Natural Gas Vehicle Engines
          • Gasoline Engines
        • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Injector Resistance
          • Fuel Injector Check
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
      • Ignition Checks
        • Preliminary Checks
        • EDIS (DISTRIBUTORLESS) Ignition System
          • Notes
          • Spark Check
        • Ignition Coil Resistance
      • Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
        • Notes
        • Idle Mixture Adjustment
        • Ignition Timing
      • Throttle Position Sensor Adjustment
      • Summary
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics Introduction- EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Introduction
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Diagnostic Formats
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes
          • Notes
          • KOEO & KOER Self-Tests
          • Continuous Memory Codes
        • Retrieving Codes
        • Reading Codes
          • Notes
          • KOEO & KOER On-Demand Self-Test Codes
          • Pass Codes
          • Continuous Memory Codes
        • Clearing Codes
          • Notes
          • PCM Reset Procedure
          • Keep Alive Random Access Memory Reset Procedure
        • Powertrain Control Module Location
      • Quick Test
        • Notes
        • Visual Check
        • Vehicle Preparation & Equipment Hookup
        • KOEO On-Demand Self-Test
          • Description
          • Performing Self-Test
        • KOER On-Demand Self-Test
          • Description
          • BPP, PSP & TCS Test Procedures
          • Performing Self-Test
        • Continuous Memory Self-Test
          • Description
          • Performing Self-Test
      • Additional System Functions
        • Notes
        • Parameter Identification Mode
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Accessing Generic OBD-II PIDs
          • Accessing Ford Specific PIDs
        • On-Board System Readiness Test Mode
          • Description
          • Accessing OSR Test Mode
        • Freeze Frame Data Mode
          • Description
          • Accessing Freeze Frame Data Mode PIDs
        • Diagnosing Adaptive Fuel DTCS
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Obtain Freeze Frame Data
          • Using LONGFT1 & LONGFT2 (Dual Bank Engines) PIDs
          • Resetting Long Term Fuel Trims
          • P0171/P0174 System Too Lean Diagnostic Aids
          • P0172/P0175 System Too Rich Diagnostic Aids
        • Output Test Mode
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Accessing Output Test Mode
        • Failure Mode Effects Management
        • Hardware Limited Operational Strategy
        • Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
      • Diagnostic Monitors
        • Description
        • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor
          • Description
          • Switch Ratio Method (1996-2002)
          • Index Ratio Method (Some 2001-Later)
          • General Catalyst Monitor Operation
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor
        • Evaporative Emission Leak Check Monitor
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System Monitor - Differential Pressure Feedback EGR
        • Electric Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System Monitor
        • Fuel System Monitor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor Monitor
          • Description
          • Testing
        • Misfire Detection Monitoring
        • Secondary Air Injection System Monitor - Electric Secondary Air Injection Pump System
        • Thermostat Monitor
        • Drive Cycle Procedure
          • Notes
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Vehicle Preparation
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedure
      • Programming Pcm
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Flash Vehicle Identification Block Procedure
      • Fuel System Safety Precautions
        • Gasoline System
          • Notes
          • Safe Fuel Handling Practices (Gasoline, Methanol & Methanol Blends)
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch Reset Procedure
        • Natural Gas System
          • Notes
          • Safe Fuel Handling Practices (Natural Gas)
      • Summary
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • How To Use System Tests
      • Evaporative Emissions Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • System Tests (Evaporative Emission)
        • Notes
        • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
        • Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Test A: DTC P0442: Small Leak Detected In EVAP System
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Continental & Focus
          • Crown Victoria, Escape, Escort, Grand Marquis & Town Car
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Ranger
          • Sable & Taurus
          • All Others
        • Test B: DTC P0455: Major Leak Or No Flow Detected In EVAP System Or DTC P1443: Very Small Or No Purge Flow Detected In EVAP System
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Continental
          • Focus
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Sable & Taurus
          • All Others
        • Test C: DTC P1450: Excessive Vacuum Detected In Fuel Tank
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Continental
          • Escort
          • Focus
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Sable & Taurus
          • All Others
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Tests - EEC-V - Gasoline
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Engine Cover
          • Removal & Installation
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Intake Air Control
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Solenoid
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Ground Circuits
          • Power Circuits
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Switches
          • Brake Pedal Applied/Brake Pedal Position Switch
          • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
          • Park/Neutral Position Or Clutch Pedal Position Switch
          • Power Steering Pressure Switch
          • Reverse Switch
          • Transmission Control Switch
        • Sensors
          • Notes
          • Air Conditioning Evaporator Temperature Sensor
          • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensor
          • Barometric Pressure Sensor
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Oil Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Fuel Temperature Sensor
          • Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature 2 Sensor (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC Only)
          • Knock Sensor
          • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
          • Power Steering Pressure Sensor
          • Thermal Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Transfer Case Speed Sensor
          • Vehicle Speed Sensor
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Relays
          • Notes
          • Cooling Fan Control, Fuel Pump & PCM Power Relay
        • Solenoids
          • Air Injection By-Pass Solenoid
          • Air Injection Diverter Solenoid
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
          • Fuel Rail Solenoid
          • Idle Air Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Solenoid (Ranger 2.3L Only)
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Solenoid
          • Supercharger (Boost) By-Pass Solenoid
          • Variable Cam Timing Solenoid
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel System Pressure Check
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injector
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Control Solenoid
      • Ignition Systems
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Catalytic Converter
        • Emissions Compliance
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Routines
        • Fuel Evaporation
          • Notes
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • EVAP Canister (All Models)
          • EVAP Canister Purge Valve
        • Secondary Air Injection
        • EGR Systems
          • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (Ranger 2.3L Only)
          • Exhaust Gas Recirculation
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
      • Evaporative Emission System Tests
        • Notes
        • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
        • Hissing Sound When Removing Fuel Cap
          • Notes
          • Blackwood, Econoline, Escape, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, F250-550 Super Duty Pickup, Mountaineer, Navigator, Ranger & Windstar
          • Continental
          • Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis & Town Car
          • Escort, Escort ZX2 & Focus
          • F150 Pickup
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
          • Sable & Taurus
        • Excessive Fuel Odor
          • Notes
          • Blackwood, Econoline, Escape, Expedition, Excursion, Explorer, F250-550 Super Duty Pickup, Mountaineer, Navigator, Ranger & Windstar
          • Continental, Escort, Escort ZX2, Focus, Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis, Sable, Taurus & Town Car
          • F150 Pickup
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
        • Unable To Refuel Vehicle
          • Notes
          • Continental, Crown Victoria, Escape, Grand Marquis & Town Car
          • Escort, Escort ZX2, Focus, Ranger, Sable & Taurus (With ORVR Only)
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
          • Windstar
    • Engine Controls - System Tests A Through FB - EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Test A: No-Start
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test B: EEC-V Power Relay
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test C: Reference Voltage
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DA: Temperature Sensor Test (IAT, ECT & EOT)
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Db: Engine Fuel Temperature Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dc: Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dd: Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DF: Vehicle Speed Circuit Check
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dg: Knock Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DH: Throttle Position Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DJ: Air Conditioning Evaporator Temperature Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DL: Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dm: Thermal Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DP: Vehicle Speed Sensor/Transfer Case Speed Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DQ: Barometric Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dr: Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DS: Air Conditioning Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DT: Power Steering Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DU: Intake Air Temperature 2
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test FB: Power Take Off
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
    • Engine Controls - System Tests FD Through KA - EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Test FD: Brake Pedal Position Switch
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Ff: Power Steering Pressure Switch
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test FH: Generator Load Input
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test H: Fuel Control
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Ha: Natural Gas Fuel Control
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HB: Natural Gas Fuel Delivery System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HC: Gasoline Fuel Delivery System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Hd: Misfire Detection Monitor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test He: EGR System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Hf: Catalyst Efficiency Monitor & Exhaust Systems
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Hg: PCV System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HK: Variable Cam Timing
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HM: Secondary Air Injection System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HU: Air Intake System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HX: Evaporative Emission Monitor & System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HY: Generator/Regulator System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JB: Secondary Ignition
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JD: Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JE: Integrated Ignition Coil Failure
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JF: Integrated Ignition Coil On Plug Failure
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JH: Tachometer Output Failure
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KA: Fuel Pump Relay
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
    • Engine Controls - System Tests Kb Through Z - EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Test Kb: Fuel Pump Driver Module
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Kc: Fuel Shutoff Valve Relay
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KD: Electric Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KE: Idle Air Control Valve
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KF: Fan Control Relay
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Kg: VISCTRONIC Drive Fan Clutch
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KH: Hydraulic Cooling Fan
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KJ: Supercharger By-Pass Control
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Kl: Shift Indicator Light
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Km: Wot A/C Cut-Off
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KP: Charge Air Cooler Pump
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KQ: Thermostat Heater Control
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test NB: Malfunction Indicator Light
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test NC: Ignition Engine Speed Input Circuit
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test ND: Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test QA: Unable To Activate Self-Test/SCP Communication Error/DTC Not Listed
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test QB: KOEO DTC P0603, P1605 Or KOEO, KOER & Continuous Memory DTC P1633
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test QC: OBD-II Monitor Testing Not Complete; DTC P1000
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test QD: DTC P1260
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Ta: Park/Neutral Position Or Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Tb: Transmission Control Switch/Transmission Control Indicator Lamp
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • TEST TG: 4x4 LOW RANGE
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Th: Reverse Switch
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test TJ: Output Shaft Speed Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test X: Constant Control Relay Module
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Z: Intermittent
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes - EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Introduction
      • Symptoms
        • Notes
        • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Rough Or Rolling Idle, Stalls, Misses, Hesitation Or Surge
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks Using Scan Tool PIDs
          • Engine Runs Rough At Idle
          • Engine Now Starts, But Stalls In Park Or Neutral
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Natural Gas Vehicles With Rough Idle
          • Idle Concerns With A/C On (Continental, LS, Thunderbird & Windstar)
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
          • Additional Checks
        • Hard Start/Long Crank Or Erratic Start/Crank
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • No-Start/Normal Crank
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Engine Will Now Start & Run Normally At Part Throttle
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Slow Return To Idle
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Fast Idle Or Diesels/Runs On
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Engine Idles Fast
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Low Idle (Stalls On Deceleration)
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Stall Or Quit On Deceleration (A/T Models)
          • Low Idle With A/C On (Econoline 4.6L, 5.4L & 6.8L)
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Backfires
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Lack/Loss Of Power
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks Using Scan Tool PIDs
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Lack/Loss Of Power (Mustang Only)
          • Lack/Loss Of Power (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC Only)
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
          • Additional Checks
        • Spark Knock
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Poor Fuel Economy
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks Using Scan Tool PIDs
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Vehicle Fails Emissions/Emissions Compliance
        • Hissing Sound When Removing Fuel Cap
        • Excessive Fuel Odor
        • Unable To Refuel Vehicle
        • Warning Indicator Lights
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Check
          • Pickups With Power Takeoff (PTO) & MIL Concern
          • MIL Always On When Engine Is Running, No DTCs Are Present
          • TCIL Always On When Engine Is Running, No DTCs Are Present
          • MIL Inoperative (Including Bulb Check When Engine Is First Started)
          • Transmission Control Indicator (TCIL) Inoperative
          • Temperature Warning Indicator Light Or Temperature Gauge Inoperative (Models With CHT Sensor Only)
          • SIL Always On Or Inoperative
          • Fuel Cap Indicator Light Always On Or Inoperative
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Automatic Transmission Down Or Upshift, Or Engagement Concern
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Speedometer Or Tachometer Inoperative
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Tachometer Inoperative On Models With Clean Tach Output (CTO) Only
          • Speedometer/Odometer Inoperative On Models With Manual Shift On-The-Fly (MSOF) Only
          • Additional Checks
        • High Oil Consumption
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Electric, Hydraulic Or VISCTRONIC Cooling Fan Inoperative
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Electric, Hydraulic Or VISCTRONIC Cooling Fan(S) Always On
          • Notes
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Exhaust Smoke
          • Notes
          • Black Smoke (Rich Mixture)
          • Blue Smoke (Burning Oil)
          • White Smoke (Water In Combustion)
        • Fuel Odor
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks
        • Engine Noise
          • Notes
          • Symptom Checks
        • Climate Control (Lack Of A/C Cooling, A/C Always On Or A/C Inoperative)
          • Notes
          • Lack Of A/C Cooling Or A/C Inoperative (Mustang)
          • A/C Always On (Mustang)
          • A/C Does Not Turn Off During WOT (Mustang)
          • A/C System Concerns (All Others)
          • WACF PID Displays YES
        • Exhaust Odor (Sulfur Smell)
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures - Except Diesel
      • Introduction
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • Fuel Systems
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Checks
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • Notes
          • Gasoline Engines
        • Fuel Pressure
          • Bi-Fuel & Natural Gas Vehicle Engines
          • Gasoline Engines
        • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Injector Resistance
          • Fuel Injector Check
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
      • Ignition Checks
        • Preliminary Checks
        • EDIS (DISTRIBUTORLESS) Ignition System
          • Notes
          • Spark Check
        • Ignition Coil Resistance
      • Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
        • Notes
        • Idle Mixture Adjustment
        • Ignition Timing
      • Throttle Position Sensor Adjustment
      • Summary
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics Introduction- EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Introduction
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Diagnostic Formats
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes
          • Notes
          • KOEO & KOER Self-Tests
          • Continuous Memory Codes
        • Retrieving Codes
        • Reading Codes
          • Notes
          • KOEO & KOER On-Demand Self-Test Codes
          • Pass Codes
          • Continuous Memory Codes
        • Clearing Codes
          • Notes
          • PCM Reset Procedure
          • Keep Alive Random Access Memory Reset Procedure
        • Powertrain Control Module Location
      • Quick Test
        • Notes
        • Visual Check
        • Vehicle Preparation & Equipment Hookup
        • KOEO On-Demand Self-Test
          • Description
          • Performing Self-Test
        • KOER On-Demand Self-Test
          • Description
          • BPP, PSP & TCS Test Procedures
          • Performing Self-Test
        • Continuous Memory Self-Test
          • Description
          • Performing Self-Test
      • Additional System Functions
        • Notes
        • Parameter Identification Mode
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Accessing Generic OBD-II PIDs
          • Accessing Ford Specific PIDs
        • On-Board System Readiness Test Mode
          • Description
          • Accessing OSR Test Mode
        • Freeze Frame Data Mode
          • Description
          • Accessing Freeze Frame Data Mode PIDs
        • Diagnosing Adaptive Fuel DTCS
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Obtain Freeze Frame Data
          • Using LONGFT1 & LONGFT2 (Dual Bank Engines) PIDs
          • Resetting Long Term Fuel Trims
          • P0171/P0174 System Too Lean Diagnostic Aids
          • P0172/P0175 System Too Rich Diagnostic Aids
        • Output Test Mode
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Accessing Output Test Mode
        • Failure Mode Effects Management
        • Hardware Limited Operational Strategy
        • Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
      • Diagnostic Monitors
        • Description
        • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor
          • Description
          • Switch Ratio Method (1996-2002)
          • Index Ratio Method (Some 2001-Later)
          • General Catalyst Monitor Operation
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor
        • Evaporative Emission Leak Check Monitor
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System Monitor - Differential Pressure Feedback EGR
        • Electric Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System Monitor
        • Fuel System Monitor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor Monitor
          • Description
          • Testing
        • Misfire Detection Monitoring
        • Secondary Air Injection System Monitor - Electric Secondary Air Injection Pump System
        • Thermostat Monitor
        • Drive Cycle Procedure
          • Notes
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Vehicle Preparation
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedure
      • Programming Pcm
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Flash Vehicle Identification Block Procedure
      • Fuel System Safety Precautions
        • Gasoline System
          • Notes
          • Safe Fuel Handling Practices (Gasoline, Methanol & Methanol Blends)
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch Reset Procedure
        • Natural Gas System
          • Notes
          • Safe Fuel Handling Practices (Natural Gas)
      • Summary
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • How To Use System Tests
      • Evaporative Emissions Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • System Tests (Evaporative Emission)
        • Notes
        • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
        • Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Test A: DTC P0442: Small Leak Detected In EVAP System
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Continental & Focus
          • Crown Victoria, Escape, Escort, Grand Marquis & Town Car
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Ranger
          • Sable & Taurus
          • All Others
        • Test B: DTC P0455: Major Leak Or No Flow Detected In EVAP System Or DTC P1443: Very Small Or No Purge Flow Detected In EVAP System
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Continental
          • Focus
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Sable & Taurus
          • All Others
        • Test C: DTC P1450: Excessive Vacuum Detected In Fuel Tank
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Continental
          • Escort
          • Focus
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Sable & Taurus
          • All Others
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Tests - EEC-V - Gasoline
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Engine Cover
          • Removal & Installation
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Intake Air Control
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Solenoid
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Ground Circuits
          • Power Circuits
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Switches
          • Brake Pedal Applied/Brake Pedal Position Switch
          • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
          • Park/Neutral Position Or Clutch Pedal Position Switch
          • Power Steering Pressure Switch
          • Reverse Switch
          • Transmission Control Switch
        • Sensors
          • Notes
          • Air Conditioning Evaporator Temperature Sensor
          • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensor
          • Barometric Pressure Sensor
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Oil Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Fuel Temperature Sensor
          • Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature 2 Sensor (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC Only)
          • Knock Sensor
          • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
          • Power Steering Pressure Sensor
          • Thermal Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Transfer Case Speed Sensor
          • Vehicle Speed Sensor
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Relays
          • Notes
          • Cooling Fan Control, Fuel Pump & PCM Power Relay
        • Solenoids
          • Air Injection By-Pass Solenoid
          • Air Injection Diverter Solenoid
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
          • Fuel Rail Solenoid
          • Idle Air Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Solenoid (Ranger 2.3L Only)
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Solenoid
          • Supercharger (Boost) By-Pass Solenoid
          • Variable Cam Timing Solenoid
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel System Pressure Check
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injector
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Control Solenoid
      • Ignition Systems
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Catalytic Converter
        • Emissions Compliance
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Routines
        • Fuel Evaporation
          • Notes
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • EVAP Canister (All Models)
          • EVAP Canister Purge Valve
        • Secondary Air Injection
        • EGR Systems
          • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (Ranger 2.3L Only)
          • Exhaust Gas Recirculation
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
      • Evaporative Emission System Tests
        • Notes
        • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
        • Hissing Sound When Removing Fuel Cap
          • Notes
          • Blackwood, Econoline, Escape, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, F250-550 Super Duty Pickup, Mountaineer, Navigator, Ranger & Windstar
          • Continental
          • Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis & Town Car
          • Escort, Escort ZX2 & Focus
          • F150 Pickup
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
          • Sable & Taurus
        • Excessive Fuel Odor
          • Notes
          • Blackwood, Econoline, Escape, Expedition, Excursion, Explorer, F250-550 Super Duty Pickup, Mountaineer, Navigator, Ranger & Windstar
          • Continental, Escort, Escort ZX2, Focus, Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis, Sable, Taurus & Town Car
          • F150 Pickup
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
        • Unable To Refuel Vehicle
          • Notes
          • Continental, Crown Victoria, Escape, Grand Marquis & Town Car
          • Escort, Escort ZX2, Focus, Ranger, Sable & Taurus (With ORVR Only)
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
          • Windstar
    • Engine Controls - System Tests A Through FB - EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Test A: No-Start
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test B: EEC-V Power Relay
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test C: Reference Voltage
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DA: Temperature Sensor Test (IAT, ECT & EOT)
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Db: Engine Fuel Temperature Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dc: Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dd: Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DF: Vehicle Speed Circuit Check
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dg: Knock Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DH: Throttle Position Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DJ: Air Conditioning Evaporator Temperature Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DL: Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dm: Thermal Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DP: Vehicle Speed Sensor/Transfer Case Speed Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DQ: Barometric Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Dr: Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DS: Air Conditioning Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DT: Power Steering Pressure Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test DU: Intake Air Temperature 2
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test FB: Power Take Off
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
    • Engine Controls - System Tests FD Through KA - EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Test FD: Brake Pedal Position Switch
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Ff: Power Steering Pressure Switch
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test FH: Generator Load Input
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test H: Fuel Control
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Ha: Natural Gas Fuel Control
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HB: Natural Gas Fuel Delivery System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HC: Gasoline Fuel Delivery System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Hd: Misfire Detection Monitor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test He: EGR System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Hf: Catalyst Efficiency Monitor & Exhaust Systems
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Hg: PCV System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HK: Variable Cam Timing
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HM: Secondary Air Injection System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HU: Air Intake System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HX: Evaporative Emission Monitor & System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test HY: Generator/Regulator System
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JB: Secondary Ignition
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JD: Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JE: Integrated Ignition Coil Failure
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JF: Integrated Ignition Coil On Plug Failure
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test JH: Tachometer Output Failure
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KA: Fuel Pump Relay
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
    • Engine Controls - System Tests Kb Through Z - EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Test Kb: Fuel Pump Driver Module
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Kc: Fuel Shutoff Valve Relay
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KD: Electric Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KE: Idle Air Control Valve
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KF: Fan Control Relay
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Kg: VISCTRONIC Drive Fan Clutch
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KH: Hydraulic Cooling Fan
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KJ: Supercharger By-Pass Control
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Kl: Shift Indicator Light
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Km: Wot A/C Cut-Off
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KP: Charge Air Cooler Pump
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test KQ: Thermostat Heater Control
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test NB: Malfunction Indicator Light
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test NC: Ignition Engine Speed Input Circuit
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test ND: Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test QA: Unable To Activate Self-Test/SCP Communication Error/DTC Not Listed
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test QB: KOEO DTC P0603, P1605 Or KOEO, KOER & Continuous Memory DTC P1633
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test QC: OBD-II Monitor Testing Not Complete; DTC P1000
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test QD: DTC P1260
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Ta: Park/Neutral Position Or Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Tb: Transmission Control Switch/Transmission Control Indicator Lamp
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • TEST TG: 4x4 LOW RANGE
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Th: Reverse Switch
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test TJ: Output Shaft Speed Sensor
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test X: Constant Control Relay Module
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
      • Test Z: Intermittent
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Testing
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes - EEC-V - Gasoline & NGV
      • Introduction
      • Symptoms
        • Notes
        • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Rough Or Rolling Idle, Stalls, Misses, Hesitation Or Surge
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks Using Scan Tool PIDs
          • Engine Runs Rough At Idle
          • Engine Now Starts, But Stalls In Park Or Neutral
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Natural Gas Vehicles With Rough Idle
          • Idle Concerns With A/C On (Continental, LS, Thunderbird & Windstar)
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
          • Additional Checks
        • Hard Start/Long Crank Or Erratic Start/Crank
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • No-Start/Normal Crank
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Engine Will Now Start & Run Normally At Part Throttle
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Slow Return To Idle
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Fast Idle Or Diesels/Runs On
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Engine Idles Fast
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Low Idle (Stalls On Deceleration)
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Stall Or Quit On Deceleration (A/T Models)
          • Low Idle With A/C On (Econoline 4.6L, 5.4L & 6.8L)
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Backfires
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Lack/Loss Of Power
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks Using Scan Tool PIDs
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Lack/Loss Of Power (Mustang Only)
          • Lack/Loss Of Power (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC Only)
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
          • Additional Checks
        • Spark Knock
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Poor Fuel Economy
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks Using Scan Tool PIDs
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Vehicle Fails Emissions/Emissions Compliance
        • Hissing Sound When Removing Fuel Cap
        • Excessive Fuel Odor
        • Unable To Refuel Vehicle
        • Warning Indicator Lights
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Check
          • Pickups With Power Takeoff (PTO) & MIL Concern
          • MIL Always On When Engine Is Running, No DTCs Are Present
          • TCIL Always On When Engine Is Running, No DTCs Are Present
          • MIL Inoperative (Including Bulb Check When Engine Is First Started)
          • Transmission Control Indicator (TCIL) Inoperative
          • Temperature Warning Indicator Light Or Temperature Gauge Inoperative (Models With CHT Sensor Only)
          • SIL Always On Or Inoperative
          • Fuel Cap Indicator Light Always On Or Inoperative
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Automatic Transmission Down Or Upshift, Or Engagement Concern
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
          • Additional Intermittent Testing
        • Speedometer Or Tachometer Inoperative
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Tachometer Inoperative On Models With Clean Tach Output (CTO) Only
          • Speedometer/Odometer Inoperative On Models With Manual Shift On-The-Fly (MSOF) Only
          • Additional Checks
        • High Oil Consumption
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Electric, Hydraulic Or VISCTRONIC Cooling Fan Inoperative
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Electric, Hydraulic Or VISCTRONIC Cooling Fan(S) Always On
          • Notes
          • Miscellaneous Component Or System Checks
        • Exhaust Smoke
          • Notes
          • Black Smoke (Rich Mixture)
          • Blue Smoke (Burning Oil)
          • White Smoke (Water In Combustion)
        • Fuel Odor
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks
        • Engine Noise
          • Notes
          • Symptom Checks
        • Climate Control (Lack Of A/C Cooling, A/C Always On Or A/C Inoperative)
          • Notes
          • Lack Of A/C Cooling Or A/C Inoperative (Mustang)
          • A/C Always On (Mustang)
          • A/C Does Not Turn Off During WOT (Mustang)
          • A/C System Concerns (All Others)
          • WACF PID Displays YES
        • Exhaust Odor (Sulfur Smell)
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Checks
          • Symptom Checks
  • Theory and Operation
    • Engine Controls - Theory & Operation - Gasoline & NGV
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Idle Control System
          • Idle Air Control Valve Assembly
        • Supercharger (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC)
          • Supercharger Assembly
          • Supercharger By-Pass System
          • Supercharger Intercooler (Charge Air Cooler) System
        • Variable Induction System
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control - 2.0L (VIN P), 2.5L (VIN L), Windstar 3.8L (VIN 4), & 4.2L (VIN 2)
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Vacuum Actuated System - 2.3L (VIN D)
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve - 3.0L (VIN S), Econoline & Pickup 4.6L (VIN W), & 5.4L 4V (VIN A)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Hardware Limited Operation Strategy
          • Integrated Electronic Ignition System
          • Keep Alive Random Access Memory
        • Power & Ground Signals
          • Vehicle Buffered Power
          • Vehicle Power
          • Vehicle Reference Voltage
          • Mass Air Flow Return
          • Signal Return
          • Power Ground
          • Gold Plated Terminals
        • Powertrain Control Module Software
          • Engine RPM/Vehicle Speed Limiter
          • Fail-Safe Cooling Strategy
          • Failure Mode Effects Management
          • Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
          • Fuel Trim
          • Idle Air Trim
          • Idle Speed Control Closed Throttle Determination
          • Multiplexing
          • Standard Corporate Protocol
        • Diagnostic Monitors
          • Notes
          • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor Description
          • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor - Switch Ratio Method (1996-2002)
          • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor - Index Ratio Method (Some 2001-Later)
          • General Catalyst Monitor Operation
          • Comprehensive Component Monitor
          • Evaporative Emission Leak Check Monitor
          • Exhaust Gas Recirculation System Monitor - Differential Pressure Feedback EGR
          • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation System Monitor
          • Fuel System Monitor
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor Monitor
          • Misfire Detection Monitoring
          • Secondary Air Injection System Monitor - Electric Secondary Air Injection Pump System
          • Thermostat Monitor
        • Constant Control Relay Module
        • Fuel Pump Driver Module
        • Generic Electronic Module
        • Natural Gas Vehicle Module
        • Input Devices
          • Notes
          • A/C Cycling Switch
          • A/C Pressure Sensor
          • Air Conditioning Evaporator Temperature Sensor
          • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensor
          • A/C High Pressure Switch
          • Brake Pressure Applied/Brake Deactivator Switch
          • Brake Pedal Position Switch
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor
          • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Fuel Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Oil Temperature Sensor
          • Fan Speed Sensor
          • Fuel Level Input
          • Fuel Pump Monitor (With Fuel Pump Driver Module)
          • Fuel Pump Monitor (Without Fuel Pump Driver Module)
          • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
          • Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
          • Generator Load
          • Generator Monitor
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve
          • Knock Sensor
          • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
          • Power Steering Pressure Sensor
          • Power Steering Pressure Switch
          • Power Take-Off Switch
          • Thermal Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Transmission Control Switch
          • Vehicle Speed Sensor
          • 4x4 Mode Switch
        • Output Devices
          • Notes
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • Coil Pack
          • Coil On Plug
          • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
          • Electric Secondary Air Injection Pump
          • Evaporative Emission Canister Purge Valve
          • Fan Control
          • Fuel Cap Off Indicator Light
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Pump (Applications Using Fuel Pump Relay For Fuel Pump ON/OFF Control)
          • Fuel Pump Driver Module Applications & Applications With Fuel Pump Functions Incorporated In Rear Electronic Module)
          • Generator Communication
          • Hydraulic Cooling Fan Drive (LS & Thunderbird Only)
          • Idle Air Control Valve
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve
          • Malfunction Indicator Light
          • Secondary Air Injection By-Pass Solenoid
          • Solid State Relay
          • Thermostat Heater Control
          • Transmission Control Indicator Light
          • Wide Open Throttle A/C Cut-Off Relay
          • Vapor Management Valve
          • Vehicle Speed Output
          • Visctronic Drive Fan Clutch
      • Fuel Systems (Gasoline)
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Notes
          • Returnable Fuel System
          • Mechanical Returnless Fuel System
          • Electronic Returnless Fuel System
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch (All Fuel Systems)
        • Fuel Control
          • Notes
          • Fuel Injectors
      • Fuel System (Natural Gas)
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Notes
          • Fueling Connector
          • Fuel Lines & Fittings
          • Fuel Rail
          • Fuel Rail Shutoff Valve
          • Fuel Tank Shutoff Valve
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
          • NG Fuel Pressure Regulator
        • Fuel Control
          • Natural Gas Vehicle Module
          • NG Fuel Injectors
      • Ignition Systems
        • Integrated Electronic Ignition System
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Coil Pack System
          • Coil On Plug System
      • Variable Cam Timing System
        • Variable Cam Timing
          • Description
          • Variable Cam Timing Solenoid Valve
          • Variable Cam Timing Unit Assembly
      • Catalyst & Exhaust Systems
        • Catalyst System
          • Notes
          • Catalytic Converter
          • Light Off Catalyst
          • 3-Way Catalytic Converter
          • 3-Way Catalyst Conversion Efficiency
        • Exhaust System
          • Notes
          • Hardware
          • Exhaust Manifold & Runners
          • Exhaust Pipes
          • Upstream & Downstream Heated Oxygen Sensors
          • Muffler
      • Evaporative Emission Systems
        • Fuel Evaporative Systems
        • Enhanced Evaporative Emission System
          • Notes
          • EVAP Canister Purge Valve
        • On-Board Refueling Vapor Recovery EVAP System
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
      • Secondary Air Injection System
        • Description
        • Electric Secondary Air Injection System
          • Notes
          • AIR By-Pass Solenoid
          • AIR Diverter Valve
          • Electric AIR Pump
      • EGR Systems
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR System
          • Notes
          • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor (Remote Mounted)
          • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor (Tube Mounted)
          • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
          • EGR Valve
          • Orifice Tube Assembly
        • Electric EGR Motor System
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • Pcm Controlled Charging System
          • Description
          • Generator Communication
          • Generator Load
          • Generator Monitor
  • Vacuum Diagrams - Trucks
    • Introduction
      • Notes
      • Pcm Calibrations
      • Protocol 3 Code Descriptions
    • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • BLACKWOOD, Expedition, F150 Pickup & Navigator
      • ECONOLINE
      • Escape
      • Excursion & F250-550 Super Duty Pickup
      • Explorer & Mountaineer
      • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC
      • Ranger
      • Villager
      • WINDSTAR
  • Engine Performance - Wiring Diagrams
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • BLACKWOOD
      • Continental
      • Cougar
      • Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis
      • ECONOLINE
      • Escape
      • Escort
      • Escort ZX2
      • Excursion & Pickup (F250/F550)
      • Expedition & Navigator
      • Explorer & Mountaineer
      • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC
      • Focus
      • LS
      • Mustang
      • Pickup (F150)
      • Ranger
      • Sable & TAURUS
      • THUNDERBIRD
      • Town Car
      • Villager
      • WINDSTAR
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Accessories & Electrical
        • Charging System Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
      • Air Conditioning & Heat
        • Air Conditioning Trouble Shooting
        • Heater System Trouble Shooting
      • Brakes
        • Brake System Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Mechanical
        • Cooling System Trouble Shooting
        • Gasoline Engine - Mechanical Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Performance
        • Carburetor Trouble Shooting:
        • Diesel Engine Trouble Shooting
        • Fuel Injection Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
        • Tune-Up Trouble Shooting - Gas Engine Vehicles
        • Vacuum Pump - Diesel Trouble Shooting
      • Manual Transmission
        • Manual Transmission Trouble Shooting
      • Powertrain
        • Clutch Trouble Shooting
        • Drive Axle - Noise Diagnosis
          • Unrelated Noises
          • Non-Drive Axle Noises
          • Gear Noise
          • Chuckle
          • Knock
          • Clunk
          • Bearing Whine
          • Bearing Rumble
          • Chatter On Turns
          • Axle Shaft Noise
          • Vibration
        • Drive Axle - RWD Trouble Shooting
        • Fwd Axle Shafts & CV Joints Trouble Shooting
      • Steering & Suspension
        • Manual Steering Gear Trouble Shooting
        • Power Steering Trouble Shooting
        • Steering Column Trouble Shooting
        • Suspension Trouble Shooting
        • Wheel Alignment Trouble Shooting
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Engine Performance
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
    • Map - Brake Systems
      • Brake Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accelerometers
        • Accumulators
        • Anchor Pins
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
        • Anti-Lock Brake Controller
        • Anti-Lock Brake Systems
        • Axle Seal
        • Backing Plates
        • Bleeder Screw
        • Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
        • Brake Fluid
        • Brake Friction Material
        • Brake On - Off Switch
        • Brake Pads
        • Brake Pedals
        • Brake Shoe Hardware
        • Brake Shoes
        • Brake Stoplight Switches
        • Brake Warning Light (Amber)
        • Brake Warning Light (Red)
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs And LEDS
        • Caliper Hardware
        • Caliper Mounting Pin
        • Caliper Piston
        • Caliper Shim
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
        • Calipers
        • Combination Valve
        • Controllers
        • Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
        • Disable Switches
        • Drums
        • Electrical Brake Pumps
        • Electrical Park Motor
        • Electrical Pumps And Motors
        • Electro-Magnetic Interference
        • Electronic Brake Control Modulator
        • Electronic Brake Distribution
        • Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
        • Electronic Controllers
        • Electronic Traction Control
        • External Brake Cable
        • Flow Control Valve
        • Fluid Level Sensor Switches
        • Fluid
        • Four Wheel Drive Switches
        • Friction Material
        • G Sensors
        • Gaskets
        • Gravitational Switches
        • Grease Seal
        • Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
        • High Pressure Accumulator
        • Hoses
        • Hub
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Hydraulic Modulators
        • Hydro-Boosters
        • Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
        • Ignition Disable Switches
        • Lamp Driver Relay
        • Lateral Acceleration Switches
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Low Pressure Accumulator
        • Lug Nut
        • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
        • Master Cylinders
        • Modulators
        • Motor Pack
        • Motors
        • Pads
        • Parking Brake Cable
        • Parking Brake Mechanism
        • Parking Brake Shoes
        • Parking Brake Switches
        • Parking Brake Systems
        • Pedal Travel Switches
        • Pedals
        • Power Distribution Center
        • POWERMASTER
        • Pressure Differential Switches
        • Pressure Switches
        • Pressure Transducers
        • Proportioning Valve
        • Pumps
        • Relays
        • RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
        • Rotors
        • Self-Adjusting Systems
        • Shoe Hardware
        • Shoes
        • Sockets
        • Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Star Wheel
        • Steel Brake Lines
        • Stoplight Switches
        • Stroke Sensor
        • Switches
        • Tires
        • Tone Ring
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Traction Control System (TCS)
        • Transfer Tubes
        • Vacuum Boosters
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Valves
        • Wear Indicator
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheel Cylinders
        • Wiring Harnesses
        • Yaw Rate Sensor
      • Brake System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
      • Routine Inspection Reference Guide
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Maintenance Overview
          • Antifreeze/Coolant
          • Visual Inspection
          • Radiator Cap Test
          • Engine Fan
          • Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
          • Belts (Except Timing Belts)
          • Belt TENSIONER
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
          • Engine Oil
          • Air Filters
          • Cabin Air Filter
          • Brake Fluid
          • Battery
          • Battery Cables
          • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Fluid
          • Wiper Blades
        • Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
        • Routine Inspection - UICS
          • Brake Systems
            • Notes
            • Brake Fluid
            • Bulbs And LEDS
            • Hoses
            • Lenses
            • Lug Nut
            • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
            • Parking Brake Cable
            • Vacuum Hoses
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
          • Drivetrain And Transmission
            • Notes
            • Automatic Transmission Fluid
            • Clutch Master Cylinders
            • Cooler Lines
            • Coolers
            • Differential Fluid
            • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Filters And Screens
            • Fluids And Lubricants
            • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
            • Hydraulic Fluid
            • Lubricants
            • Manual Transmission Fluid
            • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
            • Transfer Case Fluid
            • Vacuum Hoses
          • Electrical Systems
            • Batteries
            • Battery Cables
            • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
            • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
            • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
            • Ground Cables And Straps
            • Ground Straps
            • Lenses
            • Sealed Beams
            • Washer Pumps
            • Wiper Arms And Blades
            • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
            • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
          • Engine Performance And Maintenance
            • Notes
            • Accessory Belts
            • Air Filter Elements
            • Air Filter Gaskets
            • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
            • Air Pump Belts
            • Batteries
            • Battery Connectors
            • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
            • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
            • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
            • Coolant Recovery Tanks
            • Coolant
            • Distributor Caps
            • Distributor Rotors
            • Engine Cooling Systems
            • Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
            • Engine Oil
            • Fuel Filters
            • Fuel Injector Cleaning
            • Fuel Injectors
            • Fuel System Cleaning Service
            • Hose Clamps
            • Hose Connectors
            • Hose Couplers
            • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
            • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
            • Intake Cleaning
            • O2 Sensors
            • PCV Breather Elements
            • PCV Valves
            • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
            • Spark Plugs
            • Thermostats And Housings
            • Throttle Body Cleaning
            • Timing Belts
            • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
          • Exhaust Systems
            • Notes
            • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
          • Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
            • Notes
            • Belts
            • Cabin Air Filters
            • Coolant
            • Evaporator Drain Tubes
            • Evaporator Filters
            • In-Line Filters
            • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
          • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
            • Notes
            • Hydraulic Hoses
            • Power Steering Belts
            • Power Steering Fluid
            • Power Steering Hoses
            • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
            • Strut Rods
            • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
            • Tire Pressure Sensors
            • Tires
            • Valve Stems
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
      • Wheel & Tire Supplement
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
        • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
        • Wheel & Tire - UICS
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
          • Tire Pressure Sensors
          • Tires
          • Wheel Alignment
          • Wheel Attachment Hardware
          • Wheels (Rims)
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose
        • Notes
        • Why Use the Symptom Check List Worksheets?
        • Making the Worksheets a Part of Your Normal Routine
      • Symptom Check List Worksheets
        • Condensed Version - All On One Page
        • Full Version - All On Four Pages
        • Individual System-Based Check Lists
  • Computer Relearn Procedures
    • Introduction
      • Body Controls
      • Engine Controls
    • CHRYSLER Corp.
      • A/C Calibration (Caravan, Town & Country, & Voyager)
        • Description
        • Procedure
      • A/C Calibration (CONCORDE, Intrepid & 300M)
      • Body Control Module (CONCORDE, Intrepid, SEBRING Convertible, SEBRING Sedan, Stratus Sedan & 300M)
      • Drive Learn Procedure (DAKOTA - 4.7L, DURANGO - 4.7L & Ram Pickup 1500 - 4.7L)
        • Notes
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 1st Neutral To Drive Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Neutral To Drive Garage Shift
        • Procedure To Learn The 1st 2-3 Shift After A Restart Or Shift To Reverse
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 2-3 & 3-4 Upshift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 4-3 Coastdown & Part Throttle 4-3 Kickdown
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 1-2 Upshift & 3-2 Kickdown
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Manual 2-1 Pulldown Shift As Well As A Neutral To Reverse Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Neutral To Reverse Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 4-5 Upshift for 545RFE
      • Engine Control Module Programming (Diesel)
      • Immobilizer System (SEBRING Coupe & Stratus Coupe)
        • Notes
        • Encrypted Code Registration
        • Key ID Registration
      • Instrument Cluster (Ram Van & Ram Wagon)
      • Pinion Factor Procedure
        • Except Concorde, Durango - With NGC, Intrepid & 300M
        • Concorde, Durango - With NGC, Intrepid & 300M
      • Power Liftgate Learn Cycle (Caravan & Town & Country)
        • Description
        • Procedure
      • Power Sliding Door Learn Cycle (Caravan & Town & Country)
        • Description
        • Procedure
      • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Except Ram Pickup 2500 & 3500 - Gasoline, Ram Van & Ram Wagon)
      • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Ram Pickup 2500 & 3500 - Gasoline, Ram Van & Ram Wagon)
      • Sentry Key Immobilizer Module Programming
      • Programming Ignition Keys To Sentry Key Immobilizer Module
        • Using Scan Tool
        • Programming Ignition Keys Using Customer Learn Method
      • Torque Converter Clutch Break-In Procedure (CONCORDE, Intrepid & 300M)
        • Description
        • Break-In Procedure
      • Transmission Shift Quality Quick Learn Procedure (DAKOTA - 4.7L, DURANGO - 4.7L & Ram Pickup 1500 - 4.7L)
      • Transaxle Shift Quality Quick Learn Procedure
      • Vehicle DRIVEABILITY Computer Relearn Procedure
    • Ford Motor Co.
      • Notes
      • Control Module Programming
        • Notes
        • Programmable Module Installation Procedure
        • Steering Column Lock Actuator Module Parameter Reset (LS - Manual Transmission Only)
      • Customer Preferences
      • Instrument Cluster Programming
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Programming Procedure "A"
        • Instrument Cluster Programming Procedure "B"
        • Security Access Procedure
      • Power Sliding Door Initialization (WINDSTAR Only)
      • Programming Powertrain Control Module (All Models)
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Flash Vehicle Identification (VID) Block Procedure
      • Rear Ride Height Initializing Procedure (BLACKWOOD Only)
        • Calibration Procedure
    • General Motors (Cars)
      • Notes
      • Crankshaft Position Sensor System Variation Learn Procedure
        • Alero, Aurora - 4.0L, Bonneville, Cavalier - 2.2L, Century, Corvette, Deville, Eldorado, Grand Am, Grand Prix, Impala, LeSabre, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Park Avenue, Regal, Seville & Sunfire - 2.2L
        • Camaro & Firebird - 3.8L
        • Camaro & Firebird - 5.7L
        • Cavalier & Sunfire - 2.4L
        • Intrigue - 3.5L
        • Saturn - 1.9L
        • Saturn - 2.2L
      • Engine Control Module
        • Saturn - 3.0L
      • Idle Air Control Valve Learn Procedure
        • Deville, Eldorado & Seville
      • Powertrain Control Module
        • Alero - 2.2L, Cavalier, Grand Am - 2.2L, Saturn - 1.9L & Sunfire
        • Remote Programming (Alero - 3.4L, Aurora, Bonneville, Camaro, Century, Deville, Eldorado, Firebird, Grand Am, Grand Prix, Impala, Intrigue, LeSabre, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Park Avenue, Regal & Seville)
        • Off-Board Programming (Alero - 3.4L, Aurora, Bonneville, Camaro, Century, Deville, Eldorado, Firebird, Grand Am, Grand Prix, Impala, Intrigue, LeSabre, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Park Avenue, Regal & Seville)
        • Remote Programming (Corvette)
        • Off-Board Programming (Corvette)
      • Theft Deterrent System Components
        • 10-Minute Learn Procedure (Alero, Cavalier, Century, Corvette, Grand Am, Impala, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Regal & Sunfire)
        • 30-Minute Learn Procedure (Alero, Cavalier, Century, Corvette, Grand Am, Impala, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Regal & Sunfire)
        • Set Up A New Theft Deterrent Control Module (Aurora, Bonneville, Deville, Eldorado, Intrigue, LeSabre, Park Avenue & Seville)
        • 10-Minute Learn Procedure (Aurora, Bonneville, Deville, Eldorado, Intrigue, LeSabre, Park Avenue & Seville)
        • 30-Minute Learn Procedure (Aurora, Bonneville, Deville, Eldorado, Intrigue, LeSabre, Park Avenue & Seville)
        • Passlock™ Anti-Theft Seed & Key Method (Saturn - 1.9L)
        • Passlock™ Anti-Theft Auto Learn Method (Saturn - 1.9L)
        • Auto Learn Method (Saturn - 2.2L & 3.0L)
        • Saturn Service Stall Method (Saturn - 2.2L & 3.0L)
      • Throttle Body Relearn Procedure
        • Saturn - 3.0L
      • Throttle Position Sensor Learn Procedure
        • Deville, Eldorado & Seville
    • General Motors (Trucks & Vans)
      • Notes
      • Crankshaft Position Sensor System Variation Learn Procedure
        • Avalanche, Astro, Aztek, Blazer, Bravada, Cab & Chassis - 8.1L, Chevy Express - 4.3L, 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, Montana, Rendezvous, RV Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, S10 Pickup, Safari, Savana - 4.3L, 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Camper Special -5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Sierra - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Silhouette, Silverado - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Sonoma, Suburban, Tahoe, Trailblazer, Venture, Yukon & Yukon XL
        • Vue - 2.2L
      • Engine Control Module Programming
        • Remote Programming (Sierra & Silverado - 6.6L)
        • Off-Board Programming (Sierra & Silverado - 6.6L)
        • Vue - 2.2L
        • Vue - 3.0L
      • Fuel Injection Pump Top Dead Center Offset Adjustment
        • Learning A TDC Offset (Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, RV Cutaway, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special - 6.5L)
      • Glow Plug System Relearn Procedure
        • Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, RV Cutaway, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special - 6.5L
      • Powertrain Control Module
        • Remote Programming (Avalanche, Astro, Aztek, Blazer, Bravada, Cab & Chassis - 8.1L, Chevy Express - 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, Montana, Rendezvous, RV Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, S10 Pickup - 4.3L, Safari, Savana - 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Camper Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Sierra - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Silhouette, Silverado - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Sonoma - 4.3L, Suburban, Tahoe, Trailblazer, Venture, Yukon & Yukon XL)
        • Off-Board Programming (Avalanche, Astro, Aztek, Blazer, Bravada, Cab & Chassis - 8.1L, Chevy Express - 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, Montana, Rendezvous, RV Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, S10 Pickup - 4.3L, Safari, Savana - 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Camper Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Sierra - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Silhouette, Silverado - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Sonoma - 4.3L, Suburban, Tahoe, Trailblazer, Venture, Yukon & Yukon XL)
        • PCM Programming (Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, RV Cutaway, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special - 6.5L)
        • Programming TDC Offset (Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, RV Cutaway, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special - 6.5L)
        • PCM Programming (S10 Pickup - 2.2L, Sonoma - 2.2L & Tracker)
      • Theft Deterrent System Components
        • 10-Minute Learn Procedure (Avalanche, Astro, Blazer, Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, RV Cutaway, S10 Pickup, Safari, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special, Sierra, Silverado, Sonoma, Suburban, Tahoe, Yukon & Yukon XL)
        • 30-Minute Learn Procedure (Avalanche, Astro, Blazer, Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, RV Cutaway, S10 Pickup, Safari, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special, Sierra, Silverado, Sonoma, Suburban, Tahoe, Yukon & Yukon XL)
        • Set Up a New Theft Deterrent Control Module (Aztek, Montana, Rendezvous, Silhouette & Venture)
        • 10-Minute Learn Procedure (Aztek, Montana, Rendezvous, Silhouette & Venture)
        • 30-Minute Learn Procedure (Aztek, Montana, Rendezvous, Silhouette & Venture)
        • 10 Minute Learn Procedure With Standard Key (Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL & Trailblazer)
        • 30 Minute Learn Procedure With Standard Key (Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL & Trailblazer)
        • Procedure To Set Up New Theft Deterrent Control Module With Transponder Key (Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL & Trailblazer)
        • 10 Minute Re-Learn Procedure (Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL & Trailblazer)
        • Auto Learn Method (Vue)
        • Saturn Service Stall Method (Vue)
      • Throttle Body Relearn Procedure
        • Vue - 3.0L
    • Jeep
      • Drive Learn Procedure (Grand CHEROKEE & Liberty)
        • Notes
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 1st Neutral To Drive Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Neutral To Drive Garage Shift
        • Procedure To Learn The 1st 2-3 Shift After A Restart Or Shift To Reverse
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 2-3 & 3-4 Upshift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 4-3 Coastdown & Part Throttle 4-3 Kickdown
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 1-2 Upshift & 3-2 Kickdown
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Manual 2-1 Pulldown Shift As Well As A Neutral To Reverse Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Neutral To Reverse Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 4-5 Upshift for 545RFE
      • Powertrain Control Module Programming
        • Notes
        • Updating Secret Key Data
      • Sentry Key Immobilizer Module Programming
      • Programming Ignition Keys To Sentry Key Immobilizer Module
        • Using Scan Tool
        • Using Customer Learn Method
      • Shift Quality Quick-Learn Procedure (Grand CHEROKEE & Liberty)
        • Overview
        • Quick-Learn Procedure
  • OBD-II Drive Cycles
    • 1996-99 Gasoline Models (Except Villager)
      • Introduction
      • Vehicle Preparation for OBD-II or Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • OBD-II Drive Cycle
      • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycles
    • 1996 Villager
      • OBD-II Drive Cycle Test Procedure
      • Misfire Detection Repair Verification Drive Cycle
    • 1997-99 Villager
      • OBD-II Drive Cycle
    • 2000-04 Gasoline Models
      • Introduction
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
      • Drive Cycle Procedures
    • 2005-09 Gasoline Models
      • Description of On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Drive Cycle
        • Notes
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • 2010-12 Gasoline Models (Except Fiesta)
      • Description of On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Drive Cycle
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • 2011-12 Fiesta
      • Description of On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Drive Cycle
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • 2003-07 6.0L Diesel
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Procedure:
    • 2008-10 6.4L Diesel
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Procedure:
    • 2011-12 6.7L Diesel
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Procedure
    • 1996-03 7.3L Diesel
      • Description
      • Performing Drive Cycle
    • 2005-09 Hybrid
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • 2005-12 Escape Hybrid
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle
    • 2011-12 Fusion Hybrid
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Unrelated Noises
      • Non-Drive Axle Noises
      • Gear Noise
      • Chuckle
      • Knock
      • Clunk
      • Bearing Whine
      • Bearing Rumble
      • Chatter On Turns
      • Axle Shaft Noise
      • Vibration
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Inspection
        • Notes
        • Gear Tooth Contact Pattern
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Gear Backlash & Pinion Shim Changes
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
      • Drive Train & Transmission Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Drivetrain And Transmission
        • Notes
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid
        • Axles
        • Bearings And Races
        • Bell Cranks
        • Bell Housings
        • Bushings (External)
        • Cables (Speedometer)
        • Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
        • Carrier Bearings
        • Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
        • Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
        • Clutch Forks
        • Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
        • Clutch Master Cylinders
        • Clutch Pedals
        • Clutch Pivots
        • Clutch Pressure Plates
        • Clutch Release Bearings
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
        • Companion Flanges
        • Connectors
        • Cooler Bypass Valves
        • Cooler Lines
        • Coolers
        • CV Joints
        • Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
        • Differential Fluid
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
        • Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
        • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Drive Shaft Flanges
        • Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
        • Dust Boots
        • Engine Mounts
        • Exciter Rings
        • Filler Tubes
        • Filters And Screens
        • Flanges
        • Flex Plates
        • Fluid Level Indicators
        • Fluids And Lubricants
        • Flywheels
        • Force Motors
        • Gaskets
        • Guides
        • Half Shafts
        • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
        • Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
        • Hydraulic Fluid
        • Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
        • Key Interlock Systems
        • Limited Slips
        • Lines
        • Linkages (External)
        • Locking Hub Assemblies
        • Locking Hub Control Knobs
        • Lubricants
        • Manual Transmission Fluid
        • Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
        • Metal Clad Seals
        • METALASTIC Joints
        • Modulator Pins
        • Modulators
        • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
        • Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Oil Pans
        • Pans
        • Pilot Holes
        • Pressure Plates
        • Pressure Switches
        • Races
        • Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
        • Screens
        • Seals (Metal Clad)
        • Seals
        • Selector Interlock Systems
        • Sensors
        • Servos
        • Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
        • Side Covers
        • Slip Yokes
        • Solenoids
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
        • Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
        • Switches
        • Tone Wheels
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Torque Converters
        • Transaxle Mounts
        • Transducers (Transmission)
        • Transfer Case Assemblies
        • Transfer Case Fluid
        • Transmission Coolers
        • Transmission Mounts
        • Transmission Pans
        • Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
        • Tubes
        • Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
        • Vacuum Controls
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Vacuum Motors
        • Vacuum-Operated Switches
        • Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Vents
        • Vibration Dampers
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
        • Yokes And Slip Yokes
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • All Models
  • DTC Index -- Cab & Chassis, Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
    • A/C-Heater System DTCS
    • Air Bag Restraints Systems DTCS
    • Anti-Lock Brakes DTCS
    • Anti-Theft Systems DTCS
    • Automatic Transmission DTCS
      • Automatic Transmission (4R100) DTCS
      • Four Wheel Drive System
    • Communication System DTCS (U Codes)
    • Generators & Regulators (Duel - Diesel) DTCS
    • Evaporative Emissions DTCS
    • Instrument Panel DTCS
      • Hybrid Electronic Instrument Cluster Module
      • Restraint Control Module
      • Abs Control Module
    • Keyless Entry DTCS
    • Parking Aid System DTCS
    • Power Door Locks DTCS
    • Power Seat DTCS
    • Rear Window Defroster DTCS
    • Self-Diagnostics DTCS
      • CNG & Gasoline Self-Diagnostics DTCS
      • Diesel Self-Diagnostics DTCS
    • Steering Column Switches DTCS
      • Hybrid Electronic Cluster
      • Vehicle Security Module
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
      • Electrical Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Actuator Motors (Electric)
        • Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
        • Air Bags
        • Alternators And Generators
        • Amplifiers
        • Antennas
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Cables
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belts
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
        • Cd Players
        • Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Clutch Switches
        • Connectors
        • Control Modules
        • Cruise Control Brake Switches
        • Cruise Control Cables
        • Cruise Control Clutch Switches
        • Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
        • Cruise Control Reservoirs
        • Cruise Control Tubes
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
        • Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Defoggers
        • Defrosters
        • Delays
        • Dimmers
        • Electric Heaters
        • Equalizers
        • Fuse Blocks
        • Fuse Boxes And Blocks
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gauges
        • Generators
        • Ground Cables And Straps
        • Ground Straps
        • Headlight Adjusters
        • Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
        • Horns And Sirens
        • Ignition Switches
        • Indicator Lights
        • Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
        • Keyless Entry Transmitters
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Microphones
        • Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
        • Motors
        • Neutral Safety Switches
        • Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
        • Odometers
        • Power Distribution Center
        • Pulleys
        • Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
        • Relay Boxes
        • Relays
        • Sealed Beams
        • Seat Heaters
        • Security Alarm Sensors
        • Sirens
        • Solenoids
        • Speakers And Microphones
        • Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
        • Speedometer Cables
        • Speedometers
        • Starters
        • Sub-Woofer Volume Control
        • Switches
        • Tachometer Cables
        • Tachometers
        • Tape Players And Cd Players
        • TENSIONERS
        • Timers
        • Transceivers
        • Transducers
        • Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
        • Voltage Regulators
        • Washer Fluid Level Senders
        • Washer Pumps
        • Wiper Arms And Blades
        • Wiper Blades
        • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
        • Wiper Linkages
        • Wiper Nozzles
        • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Engine Identification
      • Inspection Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Magnetic Particle Inspection
          • Notes
          • Magnaflux & Magnaglo
        • Penetrant Inspection
          • Notes
          • Zyglo
          • Dye Check
        • Ultrasonic Inspection
        • X-Ray Inspection
        • Pressure Testing
      • Cleaning Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Bead Blasting
        • Chemical Cleaning
      • Component Cleaning
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Sheet Metal Parts
        • Intake & Exhaust Manifolds
      • Cylinder Head Replacement
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Installation
        • Valve Adjustment
      • Cylinder Head Overhaul
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cylinder Head Disassembly
        • Cylinder Head Cleaning & Inspection
        • Valve Springs
        • Valve Guide
          • Notes
          • Measuring Valve Guide Clearance
          • Reaming Valve Guide
          • Replacing Valve Guide
        • Valves & Valve Seats
          • Notes
          • Valve Grinding
          • Valve Lapping
          • Valve Seat Grinding
          • Valve Seat Replacement
          • Valve Seat Concentricity
        • Cylinder Head Reassembly
          • Notes
          • Valve Stem Installed Height
        • Valve Stem Oil Seals
          • Notes
          • Replacement (On-Vehicle)
        • Valve Spring Installed Height
        • Rocker Arms & Assemblies
          • Notes
          • Rocker Studs
          • Rocker Arms & Shafts
        • Push Rods
        • Lifters
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Lifters
          • Mechanical Lifters
      • Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Ridge Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning
          • Inspection
        • Piston & Cylinder Bore Fit
        • Assembling Piston & Connecting Rod
        • Checking Piston Ring Clearances
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Installation
        • Connecting Rod Side Clearance
        • Main & Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance
          • Notes
          • Plastigage Method
          • Micrometer & Telescopic Gauge Method
      • Crankshaft & Main Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Installation
        • Crankshaft End Play
          • Notes
          • Dial Indicator Method
          • Feeler Gauge Method
        • Cylinder Block
          • Notes
          • Block Cleaning
          • Block Inspection
          • Cylinder Bore Inspection
          • Cylinder Honing
          • Deck Warpage
          • Deck Height
          • Main Bearing Bore & Alignment
          • Expansion Plug Removal
          • Expansion Plug Installation
          • Oil Gallery Plug Removal
          • Oil Gallery Plug Installation
      • Camshaft
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Camshaft Bearings
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Camshaft Installation
        • Camshaft End Play
      • Timing Chains & Belts
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Chains
        • Timing Belts
        • Tension Adjustment
      • Timing Gears
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Gear Backlash & RUNOUT
        • Rear Main Oil Seal Installation
          • Notes
          • One-Piece Type Seal
          • Rope Type Seal
          • Split-Rubber Type Seal
      • Oil Pump
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Rotor Type
        • Gear Type
      • Break-In Procedure
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Engine Pre-Oiling
        • Initial Start-Up
        • Camshaft
        • Piston Rings
        • Final Adjustments
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Maintenance
        • Draining
        • Flushing
          • Notes
          • Radiator
          • Engine Block
        • Refilling
      • Testing
        • Thermostat
        • Pressure Testing
          • Notes
          • Radiator Cap
          • Cooling System
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Introduction
      • Handling Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
      • Checking Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Where Does DRIVEABILITY Diagnosis Start?
        • Perform Basic Inspection
        • Check For Trouble Codes
        • Diagnose Symptom
        • Test System
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
      • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance
        • Notes
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
        • Accessory Belts
        • Accessory Pulleys
        • Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
        • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
        • Air Ducts And Tubes
        • Air Filter Elements
        • Air Filter Gaskets
        • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
        • Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
        • Air Injection Control Solenoids
        • Air Plenums
        • Air Pump Belts
        • Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
        • Air Tubes
        • Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
        • Baffles
        • Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
        • Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
        • Barometric Pressure Sensors
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Connectors
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
        • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
        • Belt-Driven Air Pumps
        • Boost Control Mechanism
        • Camshaft Position Sensors
        • Carburetors And Chokes
        • Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
        • Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
        • Check Valves
        • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Chokes
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Cold Start Injectors
        • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
        • Connectors
        • Coolant Recovery Tanks
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Motor Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
        • Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motor Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Crankshaft Position Sensors
        • Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
        • Cylinder Head Assemblies
        • DECEL Valves
        • Deflectors
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks And Tubes
        • Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Boots And Shields
        • Distributor Caps
        • Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Rotors
        • Distributor Shields
        • Distributors
        • Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
        • EGR Coolers
        • EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Plates And Coolers
        • Electronic Spark Control Modules
        • Electronic Transmission Control Devices
        • Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
        • Engine Cooling Systems
        • Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
        • Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Engine Oil Canisters
        • Engine Oil Coolers (External)
        • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
        • Engine Oil Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
        • Engine Oil
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
        • Expansion Plugs
        • Fan Control Sensor
        • Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
        • Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
        • Fuel Caps
        • Fuel Dampers
        • Fuel Delivery Check Valves
        • Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
        • Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel Filters
        • Fuel Injector Cleaning
        • Fuel Injectors
        • Fuel Level Senders
        • Fuel Pressure Regulators
        • Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
        • Fuel Rails
        • Fuel RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel System Cleaning Service
        • Fuel Tanks
        • Fuel
        • Gaskets
        • Grommets (Valve Cover)
        • Harmonic Dampers
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Hose Clamps
        • Hose Connectors
        • Hose Couplers
        • Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
        • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
        • Housings
        • Idle Air Controls
        • Idle Speed Control Actuators
        • Ignition Boots
        • Ignition Coil Towers
        • Ignition Coils
        • Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
        • Ignition Switches
        • Ignition Terminals
        • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
        • Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensors
        • Intake Cleaning
        • Intake Manifolds
        • In-Tank Fuel Strainers
        • INTERCOOLERS
        • Knock Sensors
        • Liquid Vapor Separators
        • Long Block Assemblies
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
        • Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
        • Metal Air Pipes
        • Mix Control Solenoids
        • Motor Mounts
        • O2 Sensors
        • Oil Pans
        • Oil Pressure Sending Units
        • Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
        • Oil Pumps
        • O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
        • Park Neutral Position Switches
        • PCV Breather Elements
        • PCV Orifices
        • PCV Valves
        • Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
        • Power Steering Pressure Sensors
        • Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
        • Powertrain Control Prom
        • Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiators
        • Roll Over Valves
        • Sealing Compounds
        • Seals
        • Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
        • Sensors
        • Short Block Assemblies
        • Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
        • Spark Plugs
        • Spring Locks
        • Super Chargers
        • Switches
        • Thermal Vacuum Valves
        • Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Throttle Bodies
        • Throttle Body Cleaning
        • Throttle Cables
        • Throttle Linkages And Cables
        • Throttle Position Sensors
        • Throttle Position Switches
        • Timing Belt Sprockets
        • Timing Belts
        • Timing Covers
        • Torque Struts
        • Transmission Range Switches
        • Tube Clamps
        • Tube Connectors
        • Tube Couplers
        • Tubes
        • Turbo Chargers
        • Vacuum Connections
        • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
        • Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valve Covers
        • Vehicle Speed Senors
        • Volume Air Flow Sensors
        • Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
        • Waste Gate Control Solenoids
        • Water Pumps (Electric)
        • Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • General Information
      • Testing For Parasitic Load
        • Notes
        • CHRYSLER Ignition Off Draw (IOD) Test
        • Test Procedure Using Test Switch
        • Intermittent Parasitic Load Problems
        • Diode Check & Solenoid Test
        • Quad Driver Test
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose Of This Article
        • Notes
        • Scope Of This Article
      • Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
        • Introduction
        • Overview Of NOID Light
          • Notes
          • Use the Right Noid Light
        • Overview Of DVOM
          • Notes
          • Checking Injector Resistance
          • Checking Available Voltage At the Injector
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Built-In Function
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Dwell Or Duty
          • How A Duty Cycle Meter and Dwell Meter Work
          • Strengths of Dwell/Duty Meter
          • Weaknesses of Dwell/Duty Meter
      • The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
        • Notes
        • Overview
        • Voltage Controlled Circuit ("Saturated Switch")
        • Current Controlled Circuit ("Peak & Hold")
      • The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
      • Interpreting Injector Waveforms
        • Notes
        • Interpreting A Voltage Controlled Pattern
        • Interpreting A Current Controlled Pattern
      • Current Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
      • Voltage Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
    • Exhaust Systems
      • Notes
      • Map Standards Of Service
      • The Map Process - Overview
      • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Catalytic Converters
      • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
      • Exhaust Connections
      • Hangers
      • Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
      • Heat Shields
      • Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
      • Mechanical EFE Devices
      • Muffler Valve
      • Mufflers And Resonators
    • Reason Code Explanation
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accumulators
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Air Conditioning Fittings
        • Air Conditioning Hoses
        • Air Conditioning Metal Lines
        • Air Control Doors
        • Air Dams (External)
        • Air Distribution System
        • Belts
        • Blend Doors
        • Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
        • Blower Motors
        • Blower Resistors
        • Blower Switches
        • Cabin Air Filters
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Compressor Clutch Assemblies
        • Compressors
        • Condenser Air Seals
        • Condenser Fan Motors
        • Condensers
        • Connectors
        • Control Cables
        • Control Heads (Function Selectors)
        • Control Linkages
        • Control Modules
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Blades
        • Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Evaporator Drain Tubes
        • Evaporator Filters
        • Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
        • Evaporators
        • Expansion Valves
        • Function Selectors
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gaskets
        • Heater Cases
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Heater Hoses
        • High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
        • Idlers
        • In-Line Filters
        • Metal Fittings
        • Metal Lines
        • Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
        • ORIFACE Tubes
        • O-Rings
        • Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
        • Plenums
        • Pressure Control Valves
        • Pressure Sensors
        • Pulleys
        • Radiators
        • Receiver-DRIERS
        • Refrigerant Oil
        • Refrigerant
        • Relays
        • Seals
        • Service Ports
        • Spring Lock Couplings
        • Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
        • Switches (Electrical)
        • TENSIONERS
        • Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
        • Vacuum Reservoirs
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
        • Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
      • * Please Read This First *
      • ACURA
      • ASUNA
      • AUDI
      • BMW
      • CHRYSLER Corp.
        • CHRYSLER
        • Dodge
        • Eagle
        • PLYMOUTH
      • General Motors
        • BUICK
        • CHEVROLET
        • GMC
        • OLDSMOBILE
        • Optima
        • PONTIAC
      • HYUNDAI
      • Jaguar
      • KIA
      • MAZDA
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Mercury
      • MERKUR
      • MITSUBISHI
      • NISSAN
      • RENAULT
      • SATURN
      • Smart
      • SUBARU
      • SUZUKI
      • TOYOTA
      • VOLKSWAGEN
      • VOLVO
      • All Others
    • Engine Introduction - Trucks
      • Engine Introduction - Trucks
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1
          • Brake Type & Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) - Position 2
          • Line, Series & Body Type Code - Position 3
          • Engine Code - Position 4
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 5
          • Model Year Code - Position 6
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 7
          • Production Sequence Number - Position 8
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
        • Engine Code Location
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
      • Conversion Table
    • Metric Conversions
      • Metric Conversions
        • Notes
        • Length
        • Volume
        • Torque
        • Pressure
      • Conversion Factors
  • OEM General Information
    • Engine Introduction - Trucks
      • Engine Introduction - Trucks
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1
          • Brake Type & Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) - Position 2
          • Line, Series & Body Type Code - Position 3
          • Engine Code - Position 4
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 5
          • Model Year Code - Position 6
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 7
          • Production Sequence Number - Position 8
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
        • Engine Code Location
    • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
      • * Please Read This First *
      • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
      • Application
        • Notes
        • Introduction/Engine/VIN Id
      • Emission Applications
        • Notes
        • Emission Application Tables
      • Specifications
        • Notes
        • Service & Adjustment Specifications
      • Adjustment
        • Notes
        • On-Vehicle Adjustments
      • Theory & Operation
      • Testing & Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Basic Diagnostic Procedures/Basic Testing
        • Self-Diagnostics/Tests W/Codes
        • Trouble Shooting - No Codes/Tests W/O Codes
        • System & Component Testing
      • Pin Voltage Charts
      • Sensor Range Charts
        • Notes
        • Sensor Operating Range Charts
      • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • Removal, Overhaul & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams - Engine Performance
        • Notes
        • 2002 & Earlier
        • 2003 & Later
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
    • A/C Filter Service Reminder
      • Notes
      • A/C Filter Service Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder
      • Notes
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Oil Life Reset - Base Instrument Cluster
        • Oil Life Reset - Message Center Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
        • Non-Hybrid
        • Hybrid
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
        • Owner's Manual 1
        • Owner's Manual 2
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 11
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 12
        • With Base Instrument Cluster
        • With Message Center Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 13
        • With Message Center Instrument Cluster
        • With Base Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 14
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 15
        • Base Message Center
        • Uplevel Message Center
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 16
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 17
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 18
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 19
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 20
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 21
        • Notes
        • Without Message Center
        • With Message Center
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 22
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 23
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 24
        • Path 1
        • Path 2
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 25
        • Base Cluster
        • High Series Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 26
        • Resetting The Engine Oil Change Reminder - Vehicles With: 2.3 Inch Screen/4.2 Inch Screen
        • Resetting The Engine Oil Change Reminder - Vehicles With: 8 Inch Screen
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 27
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 28
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (Overhead Warning Lights)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (Sri)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (VMM)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
      • Notes
      • Tire Pressure Sensor Types
        • Notes
        • Banded Sensor
        • Valve Mounted Bolt-On Sensor
        • Valve Mounted Snap-In Sensor
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
        • Notes
        • Vehicles With Message Center
        • Vehicles Without Message Center
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
        • Notes
        • Performing the System Reset Procedure - Single Rear Wheel
        • Performing the System Reset Procedure - Dual Rear Wheel
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
        • Overview
        • Carrying Out the System Reset Procedure
        • To reset the tire pressure monitoring system for vehicles equipped with 2.3" information display, scroll to:
        • To reset the tire pressure monitoring system for vehicles equipped with 4.2" information display, scroll to:
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures - Cab & Chassis, Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications Index
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
      • Steering & Suspension Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Wheel And Tire
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
      • Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
      • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
      • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
        • Notes
        • Active Handling
        • Active Suspension Control Modules
        • Active Variable Ratio Steering
        • Active Yaw Control
        • Adaptive Cruise Control
        • Advance TRAC
        • Air Bags
        • Air Ride Control Modules
        • Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
        • Air Ride Suspension
        • Air Ride Tubes
        • Air Shocks And Air Struts
        • Air Spring Valves
        • Air Springs
        • Air Suspension Control Valves
        • Air Suspension DRIERS
        • Axle Acceleration Sensor
        • Ball Joints
        • Body Acceleration Sensor
        • Bushings
        • Center Links
        • Compressors
        • Continuous Damping Control
        • Control Arm Shafts
        • Control Arms
        • Control Modules
        • Distance Regulation Control Module
        • Distance Regulation Sensor
        • Drag Links
        • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Dynamic Stability Traction Control
        • Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
        • Electronic Stability Control
        • Electronic Suspension System
        • Flex Couplers
        • Gaskets
        • Height Sensors
        • Hydraulic Hoses
        • Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
        • Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
        • Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
        • Idler Arms
        • Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
        • King Pins
        • Modules
        • Pitman Arms
        • Power Steering Belts
        • Power Steering Coolers
        • Power Steering Fluid
        • Power Steering Hoses
        • Power Steering Lines (Steel)
        • Power Steering Pumps - Electric
        • Power Steering Pumps
        • Radar Sensor
        • Radius Arms
        • Relay Rods
        • Relays
        • Sensors
        • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
        • Spindles
        • Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
        • STABILITRAC
        • Stability Management System
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Steering Arms
        • Steering Couplers
        • Steering Dampers
        • Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
        • Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
        • Steering Knuckles
        • Strike Out Bumpers
        • Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
        • Strut Rods
        • Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
        • Sway Bar Links
        • Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
        • Sway Bars
        • Switches
        • Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
        • Tire Pressure Sensors
        • Tires
        • Torque Sensor
        • Torsion Springs
        • Track Bar Bushings
        • Track Bars
        • Trailing Arm Bushings
        • Trailing Arms
        • Valve Stems
        • Vehicle Dynamics Control
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
        • Vehicle Stability Assist
        • Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
        • Warning Lamps
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheels (Rims)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Pre-Alignment Instructions
        • Notes
        • General Alignment Checks
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Camber
        • Caster
        • Toe-In Adjustment
        • Toe-Out On Turns
        • Steering Axis Inclination
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
    • Traction Control Disable
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Introduction
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • A/C Compressor
    • HVAC System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Climate Control System
          • Notes
          • Principles of Operation
          • Heat Transfer
          • Latent Heat of Vaporization
          • Relative Humidity
          • Effects of Pressure on Boiling or Condensation
          • Compressor Anti-Slugging Strategy
          • The Refrigerant Cycle
          • Clutch Cycling Orifice Tube Type Refrigerant System
          • System Airflow Description - Manual Climate Control
            • Max A/C
            • A/C
            • Panel
            • Off
            • Panel/Floor
            • Floor
            • Floor/Defrost
            • Defrost
          • System Airflow Description - EATC
            • Auto
            • Off
            • Panel
            • Panel/Floor
            • Floor
            • Floor/Defrost
            • Defrost
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Climate Control System
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Vacuum Schematic-Manual A/C
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Connector End View
          • Vacuum Application Chart - Manual A/C
          • Vacuum Schematic-EATC
          • ATC Solenoid and Manifold Vacuum Connector End View
          • Vacuum Application Chart - EATC
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module - Diagnostic Methods
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module Self-Test
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module - Retrieve Continuous DTCs
          • Diagnostic Trouble Code Index
            • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
            • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control (EATC) Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: DTC B2266 - Blend Door Failure Or Short
            • Pinpoint Test B: DTC B1251 Or DTC B1253 - A/C In-Car Temperature Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test C: DTC B1255 Or DTC B1257 - A/C Ambient Temperature Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test D: DTC B1259 Or DTC B1261 - Solar Radiation Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test E: No Communication With The Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module
            • Pinpoint Test F: The EATC System Is Inoperative, Intermittent Or Incorrect Operation
            • Pinpoint Test G: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlet(S) - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test H: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlet(S) - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test I: Insufficient, Erratic Or No Heat
            • Pinpoint Test J: The A/C Does Not Operate/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test K: The A/C Is Always On
            • Pinpoint Test L: Temperature Control Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test M: The Blower Motor Is Inoperative - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test N: The Blower Motor Is Inoperative - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test O: The Blower Motor Operates Continuously In High Speed - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test P: No Operation In High Blower Setting - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test Q: No Operation In Lower Speeds - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test R: The Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test S: The Steering Wheel Control Switch Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test T: The Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate
            • Pinpoint Test U: The Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test V: The Panel/Floor Control Does Not Operate Using The Front/Rear Auxiliary Climate Controls
            • Pinpoint Test W: The Temperature Control Does Not Operate Using The Front/Rear Auxiliary Climate Controls
            • Pinpoint Test X: The Panel/Floor And Cool/Warm Controls Do Not Operate On The Front/Rear Auxiliary Controls
            • Pinpoint Test Y: The Front/Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch Operates Only In Hi
            • Pinpoint Test Z: The Front/Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch Does Not Operate In Hi
          • Component Tests
            • Heater Core
            • Heater Core - Plugged
            • Heater Core - Pressure Test
            • Heater Core - Bench Test
          • A/C Evaporator/Condenser Core - On Vehicle Leak Test
            • Notes
            • A/C Compressor - External Leak Test
      • General Procedures
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Check - Retail Procedure
          • Notes
          • Visual inspection
        • Spring Lock Coupling
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Disconnect
          • Cleaning
          • Connect
        • Air Conditioning Line (Peanut) Fitting
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Heater Hose Coupling
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Refrigerant System Tests
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Procedure 1 - Ambient Temperature At or Below 38°C (100°F)
          • Procedure 2 - Ambient Temperature Above 38°C (100°F)
          • Diagnostic Table
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
        • Manifold Gauge Set Connection
        • Electronic Leak Detection
        • Fluorescent Dye Leak Detection
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Recovery, Evacuation and Charging
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Refrigerant System Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuation
          • Refrigerant System Charging
        • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Component Installation
          • Special Tool(s)
        • Refrigerant Oil Adding
        • Refrigerant Identification Testing
          • Special Tool(s)
        • Contaminated Refrigerant Handling
        • Vacuum Hose Repair - Mini-Tube
    • HVAC Systems - Compressor Servicing
      • Ford FS-10 10-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch & Clutch Field Coil
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Ford SC115 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • General Motors DELPHI-Thermal (HARRISON) CVC- 6/CVC-7, Hd6/Ht6/HU6, Hd6/Hr-6HE 6, V5 & V7.
        • Compressor Clutch Plate & Hub Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Control Valve (Variable Displacement Compressors Only)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Rotor/Bearing
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • High Pressure Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Identifying Compressor Components
        • Shaft Seal
      • MITSUBISHI ASTT
      • MITSUBISHI Scroll
      • NIPPONDENSO 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • NIPPONDENSO 10S15/10S17/10S20
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • NIPPONDENSO 10PA17 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Removal (Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (Grand Cherokee)
        • Shaft Seal
      • SANDEN Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (General Motors)
      • SANDEN SD-7H15 7-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal (All Models)
          • Installation (Cherokee)
          • Installation (Dakota, Durango & Ram Pickup)
      • SANDEN TRS-90 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • SANDEN TRS-105 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • ZEXEL (SATURN - Variable Displacement Type)
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal ("S" Series)
          • Installation ("S" Series)
          • Removal ("L" Series)
          • Installation ("L" Series)
          • Removal (VUE)
          • Installation (VUE)
        • Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
  • General Servicing
    • Cabin Air Filter (Special Applications) - General Information
      • Cabin Air Filter Applications
    • HVAC System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Climate Control System
          • Notes
          • Principles of Operation
          • Heat Transfer
          • Latent Heat of Vaporization
          • Relative Humidity
          • Effects of Pressure on Boiling or Condensation
          • Compressor Anti-Slugging Strategy
          • The Refrigerant Cycle
          • Clutch Cycling Orifice Tube Type Refrigerant System
          • System Airflow Description - Manual Climate Control
            • Max A/C
            • A/C
            • Panel
            • Off
            • Panel/Floor
            • Floor
            • Floor/Defrost
            • Defrost
          • System Airflow Description - EATC
            • Auto
            • Off
            • Panel
            • Panel/Floor
            • Floor
            • Floor/Defrost
            • Defrost
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Climate Control System
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Vacuum Schematic-Manual A/C
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Connector End View
          • Vacuum Application Chart - Manual A/C
          • Vacuum Schematic-EATC
          • ATC Solenoid and Manifold Vacuum Connector End View
          • Vacuum Application Chart - EATC
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module - Diagnostic Methods
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module Self-Test
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module - Retrieve Continuous DTCs
          • Diagnostic Trouble Code Index
            • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
            • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control (EATC) Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: DTC B2266 - Blend Door Failure Or Short
            • Pinpoint Test B: DTC B1251 Or DTC B1253 - A/C In-Car Temperature Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test C: DTC B1255 Or DTC B1257 - A/C Ambient Temperature Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test D: DTC B1259 Or DTC B1261 - Solar Radiation Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test E: No Communication With The Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module
            • Pinpoint Test F: The EATC System Is Inoperative, Intermittent Or Incorrect Operation
            • Pinpoint Test G: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlet(S) - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test H: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlet(S) - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test I: Insufficient, Erratic Or No Heat
            • Pinpoint Test J: The A/C Does Not Operate/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test K: The A/C Is Always On
            • Pinpoint Test L: Temperature Control Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test M: The Blower Motor Is Inoperative - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test N: The Blower Motor Is Inoperative - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test O: The Blower Motor Operates Continuously In High Speed - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test P: No Operation In High Blower Setting - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test Q: No Operation In Lower Speeds - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test R: The Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test S: The Steering Wheel Control Switch Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test T: The Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate
            • Pinpoint Test U: The Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test V: The Panel/Floor Control Does Not Operate Using The Front/Rear Auxiliary Climate Controls
            • Pinpoint Test W: The Temperature Control Does Not Operate Using The Front/Rear Auxiliary Climate Controls
            • Pinpoint Test X: The Panel/Floor And Cool/Warm Controls Do Not Operate On The Front/Rear Auxiliary Controls
            • Pinpoint Test Y: The Front/Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch Operates Only In Hi
            • Pinpoint Test Z: The Front/Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch Does Not Operate In Hi
          • Component Tests
            • Heater Core
            • Heater Core - Plugged
            • Heater Core - Pressure Test
            • Heater Core - Bench Test
          • A/C Evaporator/Condenser Core - On Vehicle Leak Test
            • Notes
            • A/C Compressor - External Leak Test
      • General Procedures
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Check - Retail Procedure
          • Notes
          • Visual inspection
        • Spring Lock Coupling
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Disconnect
          • Cleaning
          • Connect
        • Air Conditioning Line (Peanut) Fitting
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Heater Hose Coupling
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Refrigerant System Tests
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Procedure 1 - Ambient Temperature At or Below 38°C (100°F)
          • Procedure 2 - Ambient Temperature Above 38°C (100°F)
          • Diagnostic Table
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
        • Manifold Gauge Set Connection
        • Electronic Leak Detection
        • Fluorescent Dye Leak Detection
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Recovery, Evacuation and Charging
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Refrigerant System Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuation
          • Refrigerant System Charging
        • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Component Installation
          • Special Tool(s)
        • Refrigerant Oil Adding
        • Refrigerant Identification Testing
          • Special Tool(s)
        • Contaminated Refrigerant Handling
        • Vacuum Hose Repair - Mini-Tube
    • HVAC Systems - Compressor Servicing
      • Ford FS-10 10-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch & Clutch Field Coil
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Ford SC115 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • General Motors DELPHI-Thermal (HARRISON) CVC- 6/CVC-7, Hd6/Ht6/HU6, Hd6/Hr-6HE 6, V5 & V7.
        • Compressor Clutch Plate & Hub Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Control Valve (Variable Displacement Compressors Only)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Rotor/Bearing
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • High Pressure Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Identifying Compressor Components
        • Shaft Seal
      • MITSUBISHI ASTT
      • MITSUBISHI Scroll
      • NIPPONDENSO 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • NIPPONDENSO 10S15/10S17/10S20
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • NIPPONDENSO 10PA17 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Removal (Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (Grand Cherokee)
        • Shaft Seal
      • SANDEN Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (General Motors)
      • SANDEN SD-7H15 7-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal (All Models)
          • Installation (Cherokee)
          • Installation (Dakota, Durango & Ram Pickup)
      • SANDEN TRS-90 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • SANDEN TRS-105 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • ZEXEL (SATURN - Variable Displacement Type)
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal ("S" Series)
          • Installation ("S" Series)
          • Removal ("L" Series)
          • Installation ("L" Series)
          • Removal (VUE)
          • Installation (VUE)
        • Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • HVAC Systems - General Servicing
      • USING R-134a REFRIGERANT
        • Handling/Safety Precautions
        • IDENTIFYING R-134a SYSTEMS & COMPONENTS
          • Notes
          • Fittings & "O" Rings
          • Underhood A/C Specification Labels
        • Refrigerant Oils
      • System Service Valves
        • SCHRADER-Type Valves
        • Special Valve Connectors
        • R-134a SERVICE VALVES/PORTS
        • Service Valve Locations
      • Service Equipment
      • Manifold Gauge Set
        • Notes
        • Connecting Gauge Set
          • Notes
          • Schrader-Type Valves
        • Stabilizing A/C System
      • Pressure-Temperature Relationship
      • Pressure Gauge Readings
      • Recovery/Evacuation & Recharging
        • DAIMLERCHRYSLER Corp.
          • Notes
          • Refrigerant System Service Equipment
          • Manifold Gauge Set Connections
          • Refrigerant Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuate
          • Refrigerant System Charge
        • Ford Motor Co.
          • Notes
          • Refrigerant System Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuation
          • Refrigerant System Charging
        • General Motors
        • Jeep
      • Filtering Procedures (Ford)
        • A/C System Filtering (Focus)
        • A/C System Filtering (Villager)
        • A/C System Filtering (Except Focus & Villager)
      • Flushing Procedures
        • DAIMLERCHRYSLER Corp.
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • Jeep
      • Leak Testing
        • Notes
        • Types Of Leak Detectors
          • Bubble Solution Detector
          • Dye Solution
          • Fluorescent Leak Detection
          • Electronic Leak Detector
        • Preparation For Leak Testing
        • Bubble Detector Leak Testing Procedure
        • Electronic Leak Testing Procedure
        • Dye Solution Leak Testing Procedures
        • Fluorescent Dye Leak Testing Procedures
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Automatic HVAC Systems - Excursion & F-Series Super Duty
      • Specifications
      • Description
        • Notes
        • A/C-Heater System
        • Main System
        • Auxiliary System
        • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control System
      • Operation
        • EATC System Inputs
          • Notes
          • EATC Module
          • Steering Wheel Audio/Climate Control Switch
          • Ambient Air Temperature Sensor
          • In-Car Temperature Sensor
          • Solar Amplifier
        • EATC System Outputs
          • Notes
          • Automatic Temperature Control (ATC) Solenoid & Manifold
          • Blower Motor Speed Control
          • Temperature Blend Door Actuator
          • Vacuum Control Motors
        • Control Panel Assembly
          • Notes
          • Function Control
          • AUTOMATIC Button
          • OFF Button
          • PNL-FLR Button
          • FLOOR Button
          • FLR-DEF Button
          • DEF Button
          • Fan Speed
          • MAX A/C Button
          • OUTSIDE TEMP Button
          • TEMPERATURE Buttons
          • VENT Button
      • Component Locations
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module Diagnostic Methods
        • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module Self-Test
        • Retrieving Continuous Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
        • Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Summary
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • DTC B1251/B1253: In-Car Temperature Sensor Circuit Open Or Short To Ground
        • DTC B1255/B1257: Ambient Temperature Sensor Circuit Open Or Short To Ground
        • DTC B1259/B1261: SUNLOAD Temperature Sensor Circuit Open Or Short To Ground
        • DTC B2266: Blend Door Failure Or Short
      • Symptom Tests
        • Notes
        • Test E: No Communication With EATC Module
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test F: EATC System Inoperative, Intermittent Or Improper Operation
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test H: Improper/Erratic Airflow From Outlets
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test I: Insufficient, Erratic Or Not Heat
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test J: A/C Inoperative Or Does Not Operate Properly
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test K: A/C Always On
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test O: Blower Motor Inoperative
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test S: Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test T: Steering Wheel Control Switch Is Inoperative Or Does Not Operate Correctly
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test U: Auxiliary Blower Motor Inoperative
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test Aa: Temperature Set Point Does Not Repeat After Turning Ignition Off
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test BB: Temperature Display Will Not Switch Between FAHRENHEIT & CELSIUS
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Tests
        • Notes
        • Automatic Temperature Control (ATC) Solenoid & Manifold
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Ambient Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Automatic Temperature Control (ATC) Solenoid & Manifold
          • Removal & Installation
        • Blower Motor Speed Controller
          • Removal & Installation
        • Control Panel
          • Removal & Installation
        • In-Car Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Steering Wheel Climate Controls
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • SUNLOAD Sensor
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • HVAC Control System
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Auxiliary Climate Control
          • Notes
          • Heater and A/C Assembly
          • Underbody Auxiliary A/C Heater Lines
          • Air Distribution
          • System Airflow
          • Blower Motor
          • Control Assembly
          • Heater Core
          • A/C Evaporator Core
          • Thermostatic Expansion Valve
          • Underbody A/C-Heater Lines
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Air Conditioning
      • Removal And Installation
        • Air Conditioning and Heater Assembly
          • Removal and Installation
        • Blower Motor
          • Removal and Installation
        • Evaporator Core
          • Removal and Installation
        • Auxiliary Climate Control Assembly - Front
          • Removal and Installation
        • Auxiliary Climate Control Assembly - Rear
          • Removal and Installation
        • Register
          • Removal and Installation
        • Heater Core
          • Removal and Installation
        • Auxiliary Heater Inlet Line
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Auxiliary Heater Outlet Line
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Auxiliary Evaporator Inlet Line
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Thermostatic Expansion Valve
          • Removal and Installation
        • Temperature Blend Door
          • Removal and Installation
        • Auxiliary Evaporator Outlet Line
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Auxiliary Blend Door Actuator
          • Removal and Installation
        • Air Distribution Door - Mode Door
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Blower Motor Resistor
          • Removal and Installation
    • HVAC System - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Heating and Ventilation
          • Notes
          • Component Locations
          • Heater Core
          • Blower Motor
          • Heater Control Valve
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Heating and Defrosting
      • Removal And Installation
        • Heater Hose - 7.3L Diesel
          • Removal and Installation
        • Heater Hose - 5.4L and 6.8L
          • Removal and Installation
        • Blower Motor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Evaporator Core Housing
          • Material
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Heater Core
          • Removal and Installation
    • HVAC System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Climate Control System
          • Notes
          • Principles of Operation
          • Heat Transfer
          • Latent Heat of Vaporization
          • Relative Humidity
          • Effects of Pressure on Boiling or Condensation
          • Compressor Anti-Slugging Strategy
          • The Refrigerant Cycle
          • Clutch Cycling Orifice Tube Type Refrigerant System
          • System Airflow Description - Manual Climate Control
            • Max A/C
            • A/C
            • Panel
            • Off
            • Panel/Floor
            • Floor
            • Floor/Defrost
            • Defrost
          • System Airflow Description - EATC
            • Auto
            • Off
            • Panel
            • Panel/Floor
            • Floor
            • Floor/Defrost
            • Defrost
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Climate Control System
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Vacuum Schematic-Manual A/C
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Connector End View
          • Vacuum Application Chart - Manual A/C
          • Vacuum Schematic-EATC
          • ATC Solenoid and Manifold Vacuum Connector End View
          • Vacuum Application Chart - EATC
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module - Diagnostic Methods
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module Self-Test
          • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module - Retrieve Continuous DTCs
          • Diagnostic Trouble Code Index
            • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
            • Electronic Automatic Temperature Control (EATC) Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: DTC B2266 - Blend Door Failure Or Short
            • Pinpoint Test B: DTC B1251 Or DTC B1253 - A/C In-Car Temperature Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test C: DTC B1255 Or DTC B1257 - A/C Ambient Temperature Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test D: DTC B1259 Or DTC B1261 - Solar Radiation Sensor Open Circuit Or Short To Ground
            • Pinpoint Test E: No Communication With The Electronic Automatic Temperature Control Module
            • Pinpoint Test F: The EATC System Is Inoperative, Intermittent Or Incorrect Operation
            • Pinpoint Test G: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlet(S) - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test H: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlet(S) - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test I: Insufficient, Erratic Or No Heat
            • Pinpoint Test J: The A/C Does Not Operate/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test K: The A/C Is Always On
            • Pinpoint Test L: Temperature Control Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test M: The Blower Motor Is Inoperative - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test N: The Blower Motor Is Inoperative - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test O: The Blower Motor Operates Continuously In High Speed - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test P: No Operation In High Blower Setting - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test Q: No Operation In Lower Speeds - Manual Climate Control
            • Pinpoint Test R: The Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly - EATC
            • Pinpoint Test S: The Steering Wheel Control Switch Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test T: The Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate
            • Pinpoint Test U: The Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test V: The Panel/Floor Control Does Not Operate Using The Front/Rear Auxiliary Climate Controls
            • Pinpoint Test W: The Temperature Control Does Not Operate Using The Front/Rear Auxiliary Climate Controls
            • Pinpoint Test X: The Panel/Floor And Cool/Warm Controls Do Not Operate On The Front/Rear Auxiliary Controls
            • Pinpoint Test Y: The Front/Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch Operates Only In Hi
            • Pinpoint Test Z: The Front/Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch Does Not Operate In Hi
          • Component Tests
            • Heater Core
            • Heater Core - Plugged
            • Heater Core - Pressure Test
            • Heater Core - Bench Test
          • A/C Evaporator/Condenser Core - On Vehicle Leak Test
            • Notes
            • A/C Compressor - External Leak Test
      • General Procedures
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Check - Retail Procedure
          • Notes
          • Visual inspection
        • Spring Lock Coupling
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
          • Disconnect
          • Cleaning
          • Connect
        • Air Conditioning Line (Peanut) Fitting
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Heater Hose Coupling
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Refrigerant System Tests
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Procedure 1 - Ambient Temperature At or Below 38°C (100°F)
          • Procedure 2 - Ambient Temperature Above 38°C (100°F)
          • Diagnostic Table
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
        • Manifold Gauge Set Connection
        • Electronic Leak Detection
        • Fluorescent Dye Leak Detection
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Recovery, Evacuation and Charging
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Refrigerant System Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuation
          • Refrigerant System Charging
        • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Component Installation
          • Special Tool(s)
        • Refrigerant Oil Adding
        • Refrigerant Identification Testing
          • Special Tool(s)
        • Contaminated Refrigerant Handling
        • Vacuum Hose Repair - Mini-Tube
    • HVAC Systems - Compressor Servicing
      • Ford FS-10 10-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch & Clutch Field Coil
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Ford SC115 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • General Motors DELPHI-Thermal (HARRISON) CVC- 6/CVC-7, Hd6/Ht6/HU6, Hd6/Hr-6HE 6, V5 & V7.
        • Compressor Clutch Plate & Hub Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Control Valve (Variable Displacement Compressors Only)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Rotor/Bearing
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • High Pressure Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Identifying Compressor Components
        • Shaft Seal
      • MITSUBISHI ASTT
      • MITSUBISHI Scroll
      • NIPPONDENSO 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • NIPPONDENSO 10S15/10S17/10S20
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • NIPPONDENSO 10PA17 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Removal (Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (Grand Cherokee)
        • Shaft Seal
      • SANDEN Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (General Motors)
      • SANDEN SD-7H15 7-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal (All Models)
          • Installation (Cherokee)
          • Installation (Dakota, Durango & Ram Pickup)
      • SANDEN TRS-90 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • SANDEN TRS-105 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • ZEXEL (SATURN - Variable Displacement Type)
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal ("S" Series)
          • Installation ("S" Series)
          • Removal ("L" Series)
          • Installation ("L" Series)
          • Removal (VUE)
          • Installation (VUE)
        • Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • HVAC Systems - General Servicing
      • USING R-134a REFRIGERANT
        • Handling/Safety Precautions
        • IDENTIFYING R-134a SYSTEMS & COMPONENTS
          • Notes
          • Fittings & "O" Rings
          • Underhood A/C Specification Labels
        • Refrigerant Oils
      • System Service Valves
        • SCHRADER-Type Valves
        • Special Valve Connectors
        • R-134a SERVICE VALVES/PORTS
        • Service Valve Locations
      • Service Equipment
      • Manifold Gauge Set
        • Notes
        • Connecting Gauge Set
          • Notes
          • Schrader-Type Valves
        • Stabilizing A/C System
      • Pressure-Temperature Relationship
      • Pressure Gauge Readings
      • Recovery/Evacuation & Recharging
        • DAIMLERCHRYSLER Corp.
          • Notes
          • Refrigerant System Service Equipment
          • Manifold Gauge Set Connections
          • Refrigerant Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuate
          • Refrigerant System Charge
        • Ford Motor Co.
          • Notes
          • Refrigerant System Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuation
          • Refrigerant System Charging
        • General Motors
        • Jeep
      • Filtering Procedures (Ford)
        • A/C System Filtering (Focus)
        • A/C System Filtering (Villager)
        • A/C System Filtering (Except Focus & Villager)
      • Flushing Procedures
        • DAIMLERCHRYSLER Corp.
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • Jeep
      • Leak Testing
        • Notes
        • Types Of Leak Detectors
          • Bubble Solution Detector
          • Dye Solution
          • Fluorescent Leak Detection
          • Electronic Leak Detector
        • Preparation For Leak Testing
        • Bubble Detector Leak Testing Procedure
        • Electronic Leak Testing Procedure
        • Dye Solution Leak Testing Procedures
        • Fluorescent Dye Leak Testing Procedures
    • Manual HVAC Systems - Excursion, F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
      • Description
        • Notes
        • Main System
        • Auxiliary System
      • Operation
        • Compressor Anti-Slugging Strategy (CASS)
        • Control Panel Assembly
          • Function Control (Main)
          • Auxiliary Function Control
        • Air Distribution
        • A/C High Pressure Cut-Out Switch
        • A/C Pressure Relief Valve
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch
        • Evaporator Core
        • Fixed Orifice Tube
        • Thermostatic Expansion Valve
      • Component Locations
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
      • Performance Tests
        • A/C System Performance
          • Notes
          • Compressor Discharge (High) Pressure
          • Compressor Suction (Low) Pressure
          • A/C Clutch On Time
          • A/C Clutch Off Time
          • A/C Clutch Cycle Time
          • A/C Clutch Cycle Rate Per Minute
          • A/C Register Discharge Temperature
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Retrieving Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
        • Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Summary
      • Symptom Tests
        • Notes
        • Test J: A/C Does Not Operate Or Does Not Operate Properly
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test K: A/C Always On
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test L: Insufficient A/C Cooling
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test U: Auxiliary Blower Motor Inoperative
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test V: Auxiliary Blower Motor Does Not Operate Properly
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test W: Panel/Floor Control Does Not Operate Using Front/Rear Auxiliary Controls
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test X: Temperature Control Inoperative Using Auxiliary Front/Rear Climate Controls
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test Y: Panel/Floor & Cool/Warm Controls Inoperative Using Front/Rear Auxiliary Controls
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test Z: Front/Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch Operates Only In Hi Position
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Test Aa: Front/Rear Auxiliary Blower Motor Switch Does Not Operate In High
          • Notes
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Component Tests
        • Notes
        • A/C Evaporator/Condenser, On-Vehicle Leak Test
        • A/C Compressor, External Leak Test
        • Function Control Knob Switch
      • On Vehicle Service
        • Cleaning Spring Lock Couplings
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Compressor - 5.4L And 6.8L
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • Compressor - 7.3L Diesel
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • BRACKET - COMPRESSOR, 7.3L DIESEl
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Clutch And Clutch Field Coil - 5.4L, 6.8L
          • Notes
          • Removal
        • Clutch And Clutch Field Coil - 7.3L Diesel
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Evaporator Core
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • Evaporator Core - With Auxiliary Climate Control
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • Evaporator Core Orifice
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Suction Accumulator
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • A/C Cycling Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Pressure Cutoff Switch
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) Pressure Relief Valve - 5.4L And 6.8L
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) Pressure Relief Valve - 7.3L Diesel
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Condenser Core
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • Compressor Manifold And Tube Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
        • Condenser To Evaporator Line
          • Removal and Installation
        • Auxiliary A/C-Heater Assembly (Excursion)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Auxiliary Blend Door (Excursion)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Auxiliary Blower Motor (Excursion)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Auxiliary Blower Motor Resistor (Excursion)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Auxiliary Control Panel (Excursion)
          • Removal & Installation (Front)
          • Removal & Installation (Rear)
        • Auxiliary Evaporator (Excursion)
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Auxiliary Evaporator Line (Excursion)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Auxiliary Heater Core (Excursion)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Auxiliary Heater Line (Excursion)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Auxiliary Mode Door (Excursion)
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • Wiring Diagrams
• Maintenance
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
    • A/C Filter Service Reminder
      • Notes
      • A/C Filter Service Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder
      • Notes
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Oil Life Reset - Base Instrument Cluster
        • Oil Life Reset - Message Center Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
        • Non-Hybrid
        • Hybrid
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
        • Owner's Manual 1
        • Owner's Manual 2
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 11
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 12
        • With Base Instrument Cluster
        • With Message Center Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 13
        • With Message Center Instrument Cluster
        • With Base Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 14
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 15
        • Base Message Center
        • Uplevel Message Center
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 16
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 17
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 18
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 19
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 20
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 21
        • Notes
        • Without Message Center
        • With Message Center
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 22
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 23
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 24
        • Path 1
        • Path 2
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 25
        • Base Cluster
        • High Series Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 26
        • Resetting The Engine Oil Change Reminder - Vehicles With: 2.3 Inch Screen/4.2 Inch Screen
        • Resetting The Engine Oil Change Reminder - Vehicles With: 8 Inch Screen
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 27
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 28
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (Overhead Warning Lights)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (Sri)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (VMM)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
      • Notes
      • Tire Pressure Sensor Types
        • Notes
        • Banded Sensor
        • Valve Mounted Bolt-On Sensor
        • Valve Mounted Snap-In Sensor
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
        • Notes
        • Vehicles With Message Center
        • Vehicles Without Message Center
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
        • Notes
        • Performing the System Reset Procedure - Single Rear Wheel
        • Performing the System Reset Procedure - Dual Rear Wheel
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
        • Overview
        • Carrying Out the System Reset Procedure
        • To reset the tire pressure monitoring system for vehicles equipped with 2.3" information display, scroll to:
        • To reset the tire pressure monitoring system for vehicles equipped with 4.2" information display, scroll to:
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System -- Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
      • Ford Motor Co. (1988-04)
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System -- Excursion & F250-550 Super Duty
      • Description & Operation
        • Notes
        • Back-Up Power Supply
        • CLOCKSPRING
        • Driver-Side Air Bag Module
        • Restraints Control Module (RCM)
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Deactivate (Pad) Switch
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
        • Seat Belt PRETENSIONERS
      • Component Locations
      • System Operation Check
      • Air Bag Safety Precautions
      • Adjustments
        • CLOCKSPRING Centering
      • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
        • Notes
        • Disabling System
          • Notes
          • Component Replacement Disabling Procedure
          • Diagnostic Disabling Procedure
        • Activating System
          • Notes
          • Component Replacement Activating Procedure
          • Diagnostics Activating Procedure
        • Air Bag Simulator
      • Disposal Procedures
        • Notes
        • Deployed Air Bag Or PRETENSIONER
        • UNDEPLOYED Air Bag Or PRETENSIONER-Faulty Unit
        • Scrapped Vehicle
          • Notes
          • Remote Deployment Of AIR Bag
          • Remote Deployment Of Seat Belt Pretensioners
      • Post-Collision Inspection
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • CLOCKSPRING
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Driver-Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Seat
          • Removal (With Seat Integrated Restraints)
          • Installation
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Removal & Installation
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Deactivate (Pad) Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Restraints Control Module (RCM)
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Seat Belt PRETENSIONERS
          • Removal & Installation (With Seat Integrated Restraints)
          • Removal (Without Seat Integrated Restraints)
          • Installation
        • Steering Wheel
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Self-Diagnostics
        • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Using Scan Tool
        • Retrieving Fault Codes
        • Clearing Fault Codes
        • On-Demand Self-Test
        • Active Commands
          • Instrument Cluster Module
          • Restraint Control Module (Rcm)
          • Light Flash Codes (Lfc)
        • PID/Data Monitor & Record
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Test A: Air Bag Warning Light On Continuously-RCM Disconnected, Inoperative Or Lost/Low Ignition Feed
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test B: Air Bag Warning Light Inoperative (DTC B1869)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test C: Air Bag Warning Light Short To Battery Voltage (DTC B1870)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test D: Passenger-Side Air Bag Deactivation (Pad) Switch Fault (DTC B1871)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test E: Left PRETENSIONER Circuit Resistance High Or Low (DTC B1877 Or B1885)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test F: Left PRETENSIONER Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1878)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test G: Left PRETENSIONER Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1879)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test H: Right PRETENSIONER Circuit Resistance High Or Low (DTC B1881 Or 1886)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test I: Right PRETENSIONER Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1882)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test J: Right PRETENSIONER Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1883)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test K: Passenger-Side Air Bag Deactivation (Pad) Warning Light Inoperative (DTC B1884)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test L: Driver-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1887)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test M: Passenger-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1888)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test N: Passenger-Side Air Bag Deactivation (Pad) Warning Light Short To Battery (DTC B1890)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test O: Air Bag Tone Warning Indicator Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (B1891)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test P: Air Bag Tone Warning Indicator Circuit Short To Ground Or Open (DTC B1892)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Q: Driver-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1916)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test R: RCM Bracket Ground Resistance High (DTC B1921)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test S: Passenger-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1925)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test T: Driver-Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance High (DTC B1932)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test U: Passenger-Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance High (DTC B1933)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test V: Driver-Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low (DTC B1934)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test W: Passenger-Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low (DTC B1935)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test X: Incorrect Vehicle Identification (DTC C1414)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Y: No Communication With RCM
      • Wire Repair
        • Notes
        • Repair Procedure
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System Deactivation Procedures
      • Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
      • CHRYSLER
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Caravan, Concord, Intrepid, Neon, Prowler, PT Cruiser, Sebring Convertible, Sebring Sedan, Stratus Sedan, Town & Country, Viper, Voyager & 300M
          • Dakota, Durango, Ram Pickup, Ram Van & Ram Wagon
          • Sebring Coupe & Stratus Coupe
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
      • Ford Motor Co.
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Blackwood)
          • Activating System (Blackwood)
          • Disabling System (Continental)
          • Activating System (Continental)
          • Disabling System (Cougar)
          • Activating System (Cougar)
          • Disabling System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Activating System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Disabling System (Econoline)
          • Activating System (Econoline)
          • Disabling System (Escape)
          • Activating System (Escape)
          • Disabling System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Activating System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Disabling System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Activating System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Disabling System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Activating System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Disabling System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Activating System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Disabling System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Activating System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Disabling System (Focus)
          • Activating System (Focus)
          • Disabling System (F150)
          • Activating System (F150)
          • Disabling System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Activating System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Disabling System (Mustang)
          • Activating System (Mustang)
          • Disabling System (Ranger)
          • Activating System (Ranger)
          • Disabling System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Activating System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Disabling System (Town Car)
          • Activating System (Town Car)
          • Disabling System (Villager)
          • Activating System (Villager)
          • Disabling System (Windstar)
          • Activating System (Windstar)
        • Air Bag Simulator
        • Driver Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Blackwood, Econoline, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac, F150, F250/350 Super Duty, Mountaineer & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Continental, Cougar, Escort, Focus, LS, Mustang, Ranger, Thunderbird, Town Car & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Removal & Installation (Escort & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac & Ranger)
          • Removal & Installation (Sable & Taurus)
          • Removal & Installation (Town Car)
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
        • Torque Specifications
      • General Motors
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Prizm
          • Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
          • All Models Except Prizm & Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Activating System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Disabling System (Astro & Safari)
          • Activating System (Astro & Safari)
          • Disabling System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Activating System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Disabling System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Activating System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Disabling System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Activating System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Disabling System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Activating System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Disabling System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Activating System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Disabling System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Activating System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Disabling System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Activating System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Disabling System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Activating System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Disabling System (Corvette)
          • Activating System (Corvette)
          • Disabling System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Activating System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Disabling System (Eldorado)
          • Activating System (Eldorado)
          • Disabling System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Activating System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Disabling System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Activating System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Disabling System (Prizm)
          • Activating System (Prizm)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn Vue)
          • Activating System (Saturn Vue)
          • Disabling System (Tracker)
          • Activating System (Tracker)
      • Jeep
        • System Operation Check
          • Grand Cherokee, Liberty & Wrangler
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
  • Restraints Control Systems
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System -- Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
      • Ford Motor Co. (1988-04)
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System Deactivation Procedures
      • Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
      • CHRYSLER
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Caravan, Concord, Intrepid, Neon, Prowler, PT Cruiser, Sebring Convertible, Sebring Sedan, Stratus Sedan, Town & Country, Viper, Voyager & 300M
          • Dakota, Durango, Ram Pickup, Ram Van & Ram Wagon
          • Sebring Coupe & Stratus Coupe
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
      • Ford Motor Co.
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Blackwood)
          • Activating System (Blackwood)
          • Disabling System (Continental)
          • Activating System (Continental)
          • Disabling System (Cougar)
          • Activating System (Cougar)
          • Disabling System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Activating System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Disabling System (Econoline)
          • Activating System (Econoline)
          • Disabling System (Escape)
          • Activating System (Escape)
          • Disabling System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Activating System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Disabling System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Activating System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Disabling System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Activating System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Disabling System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Activating System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Disabling System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Activating System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Disabling System (Focus)
          • Activating System (Focus)
          • Disabling System (F150)
          • Activating System (F150)
          • Disabling System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Activating System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Disabling System (Mustang)
          • Activating System (Mustang)
          • Disabling System (Ranger)
          • Activating System (Ranger)
          • Disabling System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Activating System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Disabling System (Town Car)
          • Activating System (Town Car)
          • Disabling System (Villager)
          • Activating System (Villager)
          • Disabling System (Windstar)
          • Activating System (Windstar)
        • Air Bag Simulator
        • Driver Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Blackwood, Econoline, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac, F150, F250/350 Super Duty, Mountaineer & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Continental, Cougar, Escort, Focus, LS, Mustang, Ranger, Thunderbird, Town Car & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Removal & Installation (Escort & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac & Ranger)
          • Removal & Installation (Sable & Taurus)
          • Removal & Installation (Town Car)
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
        • Torque Specifications
      • General Motors
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Prizm
          • Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
          • All Models Except Prizm & Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Activating System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Disabling System (Astro & Safari)
          • Activating System (Astro & Safari)
          • Disabling System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Activating System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Disabling System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Activating System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Disabling System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Activating System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Disabling System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Activating System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Disabling System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Activating System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Disabling System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Activating System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Disabling System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Activating System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Disabling System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Activating System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Disabling System (Corvette)
          • Activating System (Corvette)
          • Disabling System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Activating System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Disabling System (Eldorado)
          • Activating System (Eldorado)
          • Disabling System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Activating System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Disabling System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Activating System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Disabling System (Prizm)
          • Activating System (Prizm)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn Vue)
          • Activating System (Saturn Vue)
          • Disabling System (Tracker)
          • Activating System (Tracker)
      • Jeep
        • System Operation Check
          • Grand Cherokee, Liberty & Wrangler
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
  • Seat Belts
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System -- Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
      • Ford Motor Co. (1988-04)
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System Deactivation Procedures
      • Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
      • CHRYSLER
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Caravan, Concord, Intrepid, Neon, Prowler, PT Cruiser, Sebring Convertible, Sebring Sedan, Stratus Sedan, Town & Country, Viper, Voyager & 300M
          • Dakota, Durango, Ram Pickup, Ram Van & Ram Wagon
          • Sebring Coupe & Stratus Coupe
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
      • Ford Motor Co.
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Blackwood)
          • Activating System (Blackwood)
          • Disabling System (Continental)
          • Activating System (Continental)
          • Disabling System (Cougar)
          • Activating System (Cougar)
          • Disabling System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Activating System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Disabling System (Econoline)
          • Activating System (Econoline)
          • Disabling System (Escape)
          • Activating System (Escape)
          • Disabling System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Activating System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Disabling System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Activating System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Disabling System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Activating System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Disabling System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Activating System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Disabling System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Activating System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Disabling System (Focus)
          • Activating System (Focus)
          • Disabling System (F150)
          • Activating System (F150)
          • Disabling System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Activating System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Disabling System (Mustang)
          • Activating System (Mustang)
          • Disabling System (Ranger)
          • Activating System (Ranger)
          • Disabling System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Activating System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Disabling System (Town Car)
          • Activating System (Town Car)
          • Disabling System (Villager)
          • Activating System (Villager)
          • Disabling System (Windstar)
          • Activating System (Windstar)
        • Air Bag Simulator
        • Driver Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Blackwood, Econoline, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac, F150, F250/350 Super Duty, Mountaineer & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Continental, Cougar, Escort, Focus, LS, Mustang, Ranger, Thunderbird, Town Car & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Removal & Installation (Escort & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac & Ranger)
          • Removal & Installation (Sable & Taurus)
          • Removal & Installation (Town Car)
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
        • Torque Specifications
      • General Motors
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Prizm
          • Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
          • All Models Except Prizm & Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Activating System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Disabling System (Astro & Safari)
          • Activating System (Astro & Safari)
          • Disabling System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Activating System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Disabling System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Activating System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Disabling System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Activating System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Disabling System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Activating System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Disabling System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Activating System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Disabling System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Activating System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Disabling System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Activating System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Disabling System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Activating System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Disabling System (Corvette)
          • Activating System (Corvette)
          • Disabling System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Activating System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Disabling System (Eldorado)
          • Activating System (Eldorado)
          • Disabling System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Activating System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Disabling System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Activating System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Disabling System (Prizm)
          • Activating System (Prizm)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn Vue)
          • Activating System (Saturn Vue)
          • Disabling System (Tracker)
          • Activating System (Tracker)
      • Jeep
        • System Operation Check
          • Grand Cherokee, Liberty & Wrangler
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
• Steering
  • Manual Steering
    • Power Steering System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Pump - CIII
          • Power Steering Pump - CII
          • Steering Gear
          • Steering Gear Identification
          • Pump Identification
          • Steering System - With 5.4L or 6.8L Engine
          • Steering System - With 7.3L Engine
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Power Steering
      • Removal And Installation
        • Power Steering Fluid Reservoir
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump - 5.4L and 6.8L Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump - 7.3L Diesel Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump Pulley-Pump CII
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Power Steering Pump Pulley - Pump CUIII
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Hose
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Power Steering Fluid Cooler
          • Removal and Installation
        • Steering Gear
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
      • Disassembly And Assembly
        • Steering Gear
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
    • Steering Linkage -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering Linkage
          • Notes
          • F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • F-250, F-350, 4x4 and Super Duty F-450, F-550
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering Linkage
      • Removal And Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Inner, F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Inner, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, RH, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, LH, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Damper - F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm Drag Link-F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm Drag Link - F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Steering System - General Information - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering System
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions
            • Drift/Pull
            • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
            • Feedback
            • Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
            • Nibble
            • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
            • Shimmy
            • Wander
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Steering Linkage
            • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
          • Steering Gear Valve
      • General Procedures
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Steering Gear Meshload Adjustment - XR50 Steering Gear
  • Power Steering
    • Power Steering System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Pump - CIII
          • Power Steering Pump - CII
          • Steering Gear
          • Steering Gear Identification
          • Pump Identification
          • Steering System - With 5.4L or 6.8L Engine
          • Steering System - With 7.3L Engine
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Power Steering
      • Removal And Installation
        • Power Steering Fluid Reservoir
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump - 5.4L and 6.8L Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump - 7.3L Diesel Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump Pulley-Pump CII
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Power Steering Pump Pulley - Pump CUIII
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Hose
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Power Steering Fluid Cooler
          • Removal and Installation
        • Steering Gear
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
      • Disassembly And Assembly
        • Steering Gear
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
    • Steering Linkage -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering Linkage
          • Notes
          • F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • F-250, F-350, 4x4 and Super Duty F-450, F-550
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering Linkage
      • Removal And Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Inner, F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Inner, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, RH, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, LH, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Damper - F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm Drag Link-F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm Drag Link - F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Steering System - General Information - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering System
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions
            • Drift/Pull
            • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
            • Feedback
            • Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
            • Nibble
            • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
            • Shimmy
            • Wander
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Steering Linkage
            • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
          • Steering Gear Valve
      • General Procedures
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Steering Gear Meshload Adjustment - XR50 Steering Gear
  • Steering Column
    • Steering Column -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specification
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering Column
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering Column
      • General Procedures
        • Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Deactivation and Reactivation
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Deactivation
          • Reactivation
      • Removal And Installation
        • Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder - Functional
          • Removal and Installation
        • Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder - Non-Functional
          • Removal and Installation
        • Steering Wheel
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Clockspring
          • Removal and Installation
        • Steering Column
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Installation
        • Steering Column Shaft
          • Removal and Installation
      • Disassembly And Assembly
        • Steering Column - Manual Transmission
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Steering Column - Automatic Transmission
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
    • Steering System - General Information - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering System
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions
            • Drift/Pull
            • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
            • Feedback
            • Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
            • Nibble
            • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
            • Shimmy
            • Wander
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Steering Linkage
            • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
          • Steering Gear Valve
      • General Procedures
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Steering Gear Meshload Adjustment - XR50 Steering Gear
  • Steering Control Systems
    • Steering System - General Information - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering System
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions
            • Drift/Pull
            • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
            • Feedback
            • Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
            • Nibble
            • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
            • Shimmy
            • Wander
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Steering Linkage
            • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
          • Steering Gear Valve
      • General Procedures
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Steering Gear Meshload Adjustment - XR50 Steering Gear
  • Steering Gear
    • Power Steering System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Pump - CIII
          • Power Steering Pump - CII
          • Steering Gear
          • Steering Gear Identification
          • Pump Identification
          • Steering System - With 5.4L or 6.8L Engine
          • Steering System - With 7.3L Engine
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Power Steering
      • Removal And Installation
        • Power Steering Fluid Reservoir
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump - 5.4L and 6.8L Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump - 7.3L Diesel Engine
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Power Steering Pump Pulley-Pump CII
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Power Steering Pump Pulley - Pump CUIII
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Hose
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Power Steering Fluid Cooler
          • Removal and Installation
        • Steering Gear
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
      • Disassembly And Assembly
        • Steering Gear
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
    • Steering System - General Information - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering System
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions
            • Drift/Pull
            • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
            • Feedback
            • Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
            • Nibble
            • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
            • Shimmy
            • Wander
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Steering Linkage
            • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
          • Steering Gear Valve
      • General Procedures
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Steering Gear Meshload Adjustment - XR50 Steering Gear
  • Steering Linkage
    • Steering Linkage -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering Linkage
          • Notes
          • F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • F-250, F-350, 4x4 and Super Duty F-450, F-550
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering Linkage
      • Removal And Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Inner, F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Inner, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, RH, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tie Rod End - Outer, LH, F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Damper - F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm Drag Link-F-250, F-350, 4x2
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm Drag Link - F-250, F-350, 4x4, and F-450, F-550
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sector Shaft Arm
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Steering System - General Information - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Steering System
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Steering System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions
            • Drift/Pull
            • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
            • Feedback
            • Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
            • Nibble
            • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
            • Shimmy
            • Wander
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Steering Linkage
            • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
          • Steering Gear Valve
      • General Procedures
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Flushing - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Purging - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CII Power Steering Pump
        • Power Steering System Filling - CIII Power Steering Pump
        • Steering Gear Meshload Adjustment - XR50 Steering Gear
• Suspension
  • Front Suspension
    • Front Suspension - 2WD - Excursion, F-250 & F-350 Super Duty
      • Description
      • Adjustments & Inspection
        • Ball Joint & Spindle Pin Checking
        • Ride Height
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Bearing Adjustment
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Ball Joints
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Coil Spring
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Axle
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Hub & Wheel Bearings
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Radius Arm
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shock Absorber
          • Removal & Installation
        • Spindle
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Stabilizer Bar
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
    • Suspension System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
        • Camber/Caster Service Adjuster - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Camber/Caster Service Adjuster - F-250 and F-350, 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Alignment Angles
          • Notes
          • Camber
          • Caster
          • Toe
          • Ride Height
          • Wheel Track
          • Dogtracking
          • Wander
          • Shimmy
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Drift/Pull
            • Notes
            • Poor Groove Feel
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Suspension System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Ball Joint Inspection
      • General Procedures
        • Wheel Bearing Inspection
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment - F-250, F-350 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Toe Adjustment - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Toe Adjustment - F-250, F-350, 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • Lean Correction - Front, F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Lean Correction - Front, F-250, F-350, 4x4 and F -450, F-550
        • Lean Correction - Rear
  • Rear Suspension
    • Rear Suspension System - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
      • General Procedures
        • Lean Correction - Rear
      • Removal And Installation
        • Wheel Hub
        • Wheel Studs
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Stabilizer Bar and Link - Super Duty F-250, F-350, Ford Axle
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Stabilizer Bar and Link - Super Duty F350, Dana Axle
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Stabilizer Bar and Link - Super Duty F450, F550, Dana Axle
          • Removal and Installation
        • Shock Absorber - Super Duty F250, F350, Ford Axle
          • Removal and Installation
            • Notes
            • F-Super Duty vehicles
            • Excursion vehicles
            • All vehicles
        • Shock Absorber - Super Duty F450, F550, Dana Axle
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Spring - Super Duty F250, F350, Excursion
          • Removal and Installation
            • All vehicles
            • F-Super Duty vehicles
            • Excursion vehicles
        • Spring - Super Duty F450, F550
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Suspension System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
        • Camber/Caster Service Adjuster - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Camber/Caster Service Adjuster - F-250 and F-350, 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Alignment Angles
          • Notes
          • Camber
          • Caster
          • Toe
          • Ride Height
          • Wheel Track
          • Dogtracking
          • Wander
          • Shimmy
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Drift/Pull
            • Notes
            • Poor Groove Feel
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Suspension System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Ball Joint Inspection
      • General Procedures
        • Wheel Bearing Inspection
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment - F-250, F-350 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Toe Adjustment - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Toe Adjustment - F-250, F-350, 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • Lean Correction - Front, F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Lean Correction - Front, F-250, F-350, 4x4 and F -450, F-550
        • Lean Correction - Rear
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Suspension System - General Information -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
        • Camber/Caster Service Adjuster - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Camber/Caster Service Adjuster - F-250 and F-350, 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Alignment Angles
          • Notes
          • Camber
          • Caster
          • Toe
          • Ride Height
          • Wheel Track
          • Dogtracking
          • Wander
          • Shimmy
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Drift/Pull
            • Notes
            • Poor Groove Feel
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Suspension System
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Ball Joint Inspection
      • General Procedures
        • Wheel Bearing Inspection
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment - F-250, F-350 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Toe Adjustment - F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Toe Adjustment - F-250, F-350, 4x4 and F-450, F-550
        • Lean Correction - Front, F-250 and F-350, 4x2
        • Lean Correction - Front, F-250, F-350, 4x4 and F -450, F-550
        • Lean Correction - Rear
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • Wheels & Tires -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheels And Tires
          • Notes
          • Tire Inflation Information
          • Tire and Wheel Runout
          • Safety Precautions - F250, F350
          • Safety Precautions - F450, F550 with 19.5 Inch Tire
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Wheels And Tires
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Road Test
          • Symptom Chart
      • Removal And Installation
        • Wheel and Tire - Single
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel and Tire - Dual Wheel and Tire
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Spare Tire Carrier
          • Removal and Installation
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Automatic Transmission - Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Fluid Capacity
        • Applications Shift Speeds - Approximate* Km/H (Mph) (F-250, F-350, Excursion With 5.4L Over 8500 GVW Rating)
        • Applications Shift Speeds - Approximate* Km/H (Mph) (F-250, F-350, F-450 Excursion, Series Super Duty With 6.8L)
        • Applications Shift Speeds - Approximate* Km/H (Mph) (F-250, F-350, F450, F550, Super Duty With 7.3L DITD)
        • Gear Ratio
        • Clutch Plate Usage And Clearance Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
        • Band/Clutch Application Chart
      • Description And Operation
        • Transmission Description
        • Identification Tags
        • Range Selection
          • Notes
          • Park
          • Reverse
          • Neutral
          • Overdrive
          • Second Position - 2nd Gear
          • First Position
        • Shift Patterns
          • Upshifts
          • Downshifts
          • Coastdown
          • Torque Demand
          • Kickdown
        • Disassembled Views
          • Transmission, Disassembled View
        • Bushings, Bearing And Thrust Washer Locator
          • Bushings, Bearing and Thrust Washer Locator
        • Seals, Rings And Gasket Locator
          • Seals, Rings and Gasket Locator
        • Main Components And Functions
          • Automatic Transmission - Sectional View
          • Torque Converter
          • Geartrain
            • Notes
            • Gear Ratio
          • Input Shaft
          • Output Shaft
          • Overdrive System
          • Center Support and Intermediate/Overdrive Clutch Cylinder
          • Forward Drive System
          • Low and Reverse Drive System
          • Apply Components
            • Notes
            • One-Way Clutch-Overdrive
            • One-Way Clutch Intermediate
            • One-Way Clutch Low-Reverse
        • Transmission Electronic Control System
          • Electronic System Description
          • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
          • Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
          • Transmission Control Switch (TCS), Transmission Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL)
          • Power Take Off (PTO) Operation
          • Power Take Off (PTO) Electronic Operation
          • Power Take Off (PTO) Hydraulic Operation
          • Transmission Solenoid Body Assembly
          • Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
          • Coast Clutch Solenoid (CCS)
          • Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
          • Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
          • Shift Solenoids A and B
          • Anti-Lock Brake Speed Sensor
          • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor
          • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor
          • Digital Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
          • Accelerator Pedal (AP) Sensor - 7.3L - Diesel Only
          • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
          • Electronic Ignition (EI) System
          • Distributor Ignition (DI) System
          • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor - 7.3L Dl Diesel Only
          • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch
          • Barometric Pressure (BARO) Sensor - 7.3L DI Diesel Only
          • Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor - Gasoline Engines
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Diagnostic Strategy
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Inspection
          • Diagnostics
        • Diagnostic Flow Chart
        • Preliminary Inspection
          • Notes
          • Know/Understand the Concern
          • Verification of Condition
          • Determine Customer Concern
          • Check Fluid Level and Condition
            • Fluid Level Check
            • High Fluid Level
            • Low Fluid Level
            • Adding Fluid
            • Fluid Condition Check
          • Road Testing Vehicle
          • Shift Point Road Test
          • Shift Speed Application Charts
            • Notes
            • Applications Shift Speeds - Approximate* Km/h (MPH) (F-250, F-350, Excursion with 5.4L Over 8500 GVW Rating)
            • Applications Shift Speeds - Approximate* Km/h (MPH) (F-250, F-350, F-450 Excursion, Series Super Duty with 6.8L)
            • Applications Shift Speeds - Approximate* Km/h (MPH) (F-250, F-350, F450, F550, Super Duty with 7.3L DITD)
          • Torque Converter Diagnosis
          • Torque Converter Operation Test
          • Visual Inspection
          • Shift Linkage Check
          • Check TSBs
          • Carry out On-Board Diagnostics
        • Diagnostics
          • Special Tool(s)
          • On-Board Diagnostics with Scan Tool
            • Notes
            • Transmission Drive Cycle Test
          • After On-Board Diagnostics
          • Before Pinpoint Tests
          • Diagnostic Trouble Code Charts
          • Rotunda Transmission Tester
          • Transmission Connector Layouts
            • Notes
            • Transmission Vehicle Harness Connector
            • Digital Transmission Range (TR) Sensor Connector
            • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor Harness Connector
            • Turbine Shaft Speed Sensor (TSS) Harness Connector
            • Digital Transmission Range (TR) Sensor Diagnosis Chart
            • Wiggle Test Information For Open/Shorts
          • Pinpoint Tests
          • Shift Solenoids Pre-Diagnosis
            • Notes
            • Solenoid Operation Chart
            • Shift Solenoid Failure Mode Chart Always OFF
            • Shift Solenoid Failure Mode Chart Always ON
          • Testing
            • Notes
            • Pinpoint Test A: Shift Solenoids
            • Pinpoint Test B: Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
            • Pinpoint Test C: Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
            • Pinpoint Test D: Digital Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
            • Pinpoint Test E: Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
            • Pinpoint Test F: Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) And Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensors
            • Pinpoint Test G: Coast Clutch Solenoid (CCS)
            • Pinpoint Test H: Solenoid Mechanical Failure
          • P0781, P0731
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0782, P0732, P0733
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0783
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0750
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0753
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0755
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0758
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0712
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0713
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1713
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1718
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1783
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0743
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0740
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0705
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0708
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1702
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1704
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1705
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1746
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1747
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1760
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0715
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0717
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0718
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0720
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0721
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0722
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1754
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1714
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1715
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1636
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1740
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1111
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0340, P0341, P0344
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0236
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0235
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0500, P1502
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0503
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0122
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0123
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1120
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1460, P1463, P1464
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0102, P0103, P1100, P1101
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0107
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0108
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0730, P0751
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1280
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1281
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1781
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1729
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0237
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1124
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1780
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1711
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1703
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P0741
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • P1744
            • Code Description
            • Testing
          • Special Testing Procedures
            • Notes
            • Engine Idle Speed Check
            • Line Pressure Test
            • Stall Speed Test
            • Air Pressure Tests
            • Torque Converter Drainback Test
          • Leakage Inspection
            • Notes
            • Fluid Leakage in Torque Converter Area
            • Leak Check Test
            • Leak Check Test with Black Light
          • Transmission Fluid Cooler
          • Transmission Fluid Cooler Flow Test
        • Diagnosis By Symptom
          • Notes
          • Diagnosis by Symptom Chart Directions
          • Diagnosis by Symptom Index
          • Diagnostic Routines
            • Engagement Concern: No Forward Only
            • Engagement Concern: No Reverse Only
            • Engagement Concern: Harsh Reverse Only
            • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward Only
            • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Reverse Only
            • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward Only
            • Engagement Concern: No Forward and No Reverse Only
            • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward and Reverse
            • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward and Reverse
            • Shift Concerns: Some or All Shifts Missing
            • Shift Concerns: Shift Timing - Early/Late (Some/All)
            • Shift Concerns: Timing - Erratic/Hunting (Some/All)
            • Shift Concerns: Feel - Soft/Slipping (Some/All)
            • Shift Concerns: Feel - Harsh (Some/All)
            • Shift Concerns: No 1st Gear in Drive, Engages in Higher Gear
            • Shift Concerns: No Manual 1st Gear
            • Shift Concerns: No Manual 2nd Gear
            • Shift Concerns: No 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 2-1 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 1-2 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 2-3 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-4 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping Downshifts (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 1-2 Shift Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-3 Shift Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-4 Shift Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-3 Shift Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-2 Shift Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-1 Shift Only (Automatic)
            • Torque Converter Clutch Operation Concern: No Apply
            • Torque Converter Clutch Operation Concern: Always Applied/Stalls Vehicle (See Note in No. 241 Before Proceeding)
            • Torque Converter Clutch Operation Concern: Cycling/Shudder/Chatter
            • Other Concerns: Shift Lever Efforts High
            • Other Concerns: External Leaks
            • Other Concerns: Engine Driveability Concerns
            • Other Concerns: Noise/Vibration - Forward or Reverse
            • Other Concerns: Engine Will Not Crank
            • Other Concerns: No Park Range
            • Other Concerns: Transmission Overheating
            • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking in MANUAL 2 Position Only
            • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking in MANUAL 1 Position Only
            • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking with Overdrive Cancelled (MANUAL 1st and MANUAL 2nd Have Engine Braking)
            • Other Concerns: Fluid Venting/Foaming
      • General Procedures
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler - BACKFLUSHING And Cleaning
      • In-Vehicle Repair
        • Notes
        • Transmission Fluid Drain And Refill
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Draining
            • Notes
            • All vehicles using a suitable flush and fill machine
            • Vehicles equipped with a fluid pan and torque converter drain plug
            • Vehicles not equipped with a fluid pan or a torque converter drain plug
            • Vehicles equipped with a torque converter drain plug and without a fluid pan drain plug
        • Transmission Filler Tube
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Main Control Valve Body - Accumulator Body, Solenoid Body
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor & Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Extension Housing Seal And Bushing
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Extension Housing Gasket - F-Super Duty
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Extension Housing Gasket - Excursion
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Manual Control Lever Shaft And Seal
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Cooler Bypass Valve
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Digital Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Intermediate Servo
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Park System
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Transmission Insulator And Retainer
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
        • Shift Solenoid A (SSA)
        • Shift Solenoid B (SSB)
        • Pressure Control Solenoid (Pc-A)
      • Removal
        • Transmission
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal
      • Disassembly
        • Transmission
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
      • Disassembly And Assembly Of Subassemblies
        • Main Control Valve Body-Disassembly And Assembly
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Upper, Lower, Accumulator and Solenoid Bodies, Disassembled View
          • Disassembly
        • Main Control Valve Body-Solenoid Body Check
          • Disassembly
        • Main Control Valve Body - Accumulator Body Check
          • Disassembly
        • Pump Assembly
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Pump Assembly, Disassembled View
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Front Case Bushings
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Rear Case Bushings
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Cooler Bypass Valve Assembly
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Coast Clutch Assembly
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Overdrive Ring Gear And Center Shaft Assembly
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Intermediate/Overdrive Cylinder Assembly
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Intermediate/Overdrive Cylinder Assembly, Disassembled View
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Center Support
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Forward Hub And Ring Gear
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Direct Clutch Assembly And Intermediate Brake Drum
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Direct Clutch Assembly and Intermediate Brake Drum, Disassembled View
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Forward Clutch Assembly
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Forward Clutch Assembly, Disassembled View
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • OUTPUT SHAFT - Check
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Forward Planet Assembly
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Input Shell
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Reverse Planet Assembly
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Low One-Way Clutch Assembly
          • Low/Reverse One-Way Clutch Assembly and Piston, Disassembled View
          • Disassembly and Assembly
        • Reverse Clutch Piston
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Torque Converter
        • Torque Converter Cleaning And Inspection
        • Torque Converter Flushing
        • Torque Converter Leak Check
        • Torque Converter Impeller To Pump Stator Interference Check
        • Torque Converter Turbine To Pump Stator Interference Check
        • Torque Converter One-Way Clutch Check
        • Torque Converter End Play Check
      • Assembly
        • Transmission
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Assembly
      • Installation
        • Transmission
          • Materials
          • Installation
            • All vehicles
    • Automatic Transmission Cooling System -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Transmission Cooling
          • Automatic Transmission
          • Manual Transmission
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Transmission Cooling
          • Inspection and Verification - Automatic Transmission
          • Symptom Chart - Automatic Transmission.
          • Inspection and Verification - Manual Transmission
          • Symptom Chart - Manual Transmission
      • General Procedures
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler Flow Test - Manual Transmission
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler - Backflushing and Cleaning - Manual Transmission
      • Removal And Installation
        • Auxiliary Transmission Fluid Cooler - Oil-to-Air Fluid Cooler
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler Tubes - Automatic Transmission
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler Tubes - Manual Transmission
          • Removal and Installation
        • Cooler Bypass Valve
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Automatic Transmission External Controls -- Excursion & F250-F550 Super Duty
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • External Controls
          • Notes
          • Shift Interlock System
          • Transmission Control Switch (TCS)
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • External Controls
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Notes
            • Pinpoint Test A: Pinpoint Test A: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test B: Pinpoint Test B: The Shift Control Is Out Of Proper Gear Relationship
            • Pinpoint Test C: Pinpoint Test C: The Transmission Control Switch/Indicator Lamp Not Operating Properly
      • General Procedures
        • Cable and Bracket Adjustment-5.4L, 6.8L, 7.3L Diesel With 4R100 Transmission
        • Cable Adjustment - Shift Indicator
      • Removal And Installation
        • Brake Shift Interlock Actuator
          • Removal and Installation
        • Cable and Bracket
          • Removal and Installation
        • Selector Lever
          • Removal and Installation
        • Transmission Control (TC) Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation
  • Automatic Transmission - Hydraulic Diagrams - 4R100
    • Automatic Transmission - Hydraulic Diagrams - 4R100
• External Pages