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Section 176 (Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts): Introduction

WARNING: This page does not describe the selected car, but rather 32 other vehicles, including the 2003 Mercury Sable, 2003 Mercury Mountaineer, 2003 Mercury Marauder, 2003 Mercury Grand Marquis, and 2003 Lincoln Town Car. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
NOTE: For sensor information on 6.0L or 7.3L diesel, see SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - 6.0L DIESEL or SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - 7.3L DIESEL article.

Sensor operating range information can help determine if a sensor is out of calibration. An out-of-calibration sensor may not set a trouble code, but it will cause driveability problems.

NOTE: Unless specified otherwise, perform all voltage tests using a Digital Volt-Ohmmeter (DVOM) with minimum 10-megohm input impedance.
AIR CONDITIONING EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS (1)

Temperature - °F (°C) (2) Volts (3) Ohms
-4 (-20) 4.66 276,960
14 (-10) 4.45 160,310
32 (0) 4.14 95,850
50 (10) 3.73 58,990
68 (20) 3.26 37,340
86 (30) 2.74 24,250
104 (40) 2.23 16,110
122 (50) 1.77 10,930
140 (60) 1.37 7550
158 (70) 1.05 5340
176 (80) 0.80 3840
194 (90) 0.61 2800
212 (100) 0.47 2080
(1) Values may differ by as much as 15 percent. For additional testing, see TEST DJ: AIR CONDITIONING EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR under SYSTEM TESTS in SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE article.
(2) Measure voltage by backprobing signal circuit to ground.
(3) Measure resistance between sensor terminals.
Fig 1: Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor Voltage
G00011514Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
BARO SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS (1)

In. Hg kPa Volts Altitude (Ft.)
3.5 11.8 0.15 N/A
5 16.9 0.40 N/A
10 33.8 1.25 N/A
15 50.7 2.10 14,000
20 67.5 2.90 10,000
21 70.9 3.10 9000
22 74.3 3.30 8000
23 77.7 3.50 7000
24 81.1 3.62 6000
25 84.4 3.80 5000
26 87.8 4.00 4000
27 91.2 4.14 3000
28 94.6 4.30 2000
29 97.9 4.50 1000
(1) Using scan tool, select BARO PID from PID/DATA monitor menu. BARO PID should be within 2 in. Hg (6 Hz) of altitude value. For additional testing, see TEST DQ: BAROMETRIC PRESSURE SENSOR under SYSTEM TESTS in SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE article.
CYLINDER HEAD TEMPERATURE SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS (1)

Temperature - °F (°C) Cold End Volts Hot End Volts (2) Ohms
-40 (-40) 4.89 N/A 965,808
-22 (-30) 4.81 N/A 513,019
-4 (-20) 4.67 N/A 283,664
14 (-10) 4.45 N/A 162,584
32 (0) 4.14 N/A 96,255
50 (10) 3.73 N/A 59,175
68 (20) 3.26 N/A 37,387
86 (30) 2.74 N/A 24,215
104 (40) 2.23 N/A 16,043
122 (50) 1.76 N/A 10,850
140 (60) 1.36 N/A 7487
158 (70) 1.04 N/A 5268
176 (80) (3) .79 3.99 3775
185 (85) (3) .69 3.86 3215
194 (90) (3) .60 3.71 2750
203 (95) (3) .53 3.56 2361
212 (100) (3) .46 3.41 2034
230 (110) N/A 3.07 1523
248 (120) N/A 2.74 1155
266 (130) N/A 2.41 887
284 (140) N/A 2.10 689
302 (150) N/A 1.81 542
320 (160) N/A 1.55 430
338 (170) N/A 1.33 345
356 (180) N/A 1.13 279
374 (190) N/A .96 228
392 (200) N/A .82 188
410 (210) N/A .70 155
428 (220) N/A .60 130
446 (230) N/A .51 109
464 (240) N/A .44 92
482 (250) N/A .35 78
500 (260) N/A .33 67
(1) Value may vary by 15 percent. For additional testing, see TEST DL: CYLINDER HEAD TEMPERATURE SENSOR under SYSTEM TESTS in SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE article.
(2) Measure resistance between cylinder head temperature sensor terminals.
(3) At this temperature, there is a voltage overlap zone where it is possible to have either a cold end (low voltage) or hot end (high voltage) reading at the same temperature. Either voltage specification listed is correct.
NOTE: Two different types of internal temperature circuits are used by the PCM. One circuit has a pull-down resistor to SIG RTN and the other does not have a pull-down resistor. To determine if an internal PCM pull-down resistor is used, disconnect the temperature sensor and measure voltage between temperature sensor signal (ECT, IAT or EOT) at sensor harness connector and ground with the key on. If voltage is 5.0 volts, no resistor is used.
ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR, INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR & ENGINE OIL TEMPERATURE SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS (1)

Temperature - °F (°C) (2)(3) Volts (2)(4) Volts (5) Ohms
14 (-10) 4.45 4.15 160,310
32 (0) 4.14 3.91 95,850
50 (10) 3.73 3.51 58,750
68 (20) 3.26 3.07 37,300
86 (30) 2.74 2.60 24,270
104 (40) 2.23 2.13 16,150
122 (50) 1.77 1.70 10,970
140 (60) 1.37 1.33 7600
158 (70) 1.05 1.02 5370
176 (80) 0.80 0.78 3840
194 (90) 0.61 0.60 2800
212 (100) 0.47 0.46 2070
230 (110) 0.36 0.35 1550
248 (120) 0.28 0.27 1180
(1) Values may differ by as much as 15 percent. For additional testing, see TEST DA: TEMPERATURE SENSOR TEST (IAT, ECT & EOT) under SYSTEM TESTS in SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE article.
(2) Measure voltage by backprobing signal circuit to ground.
(3) With out resistor.
(4) With resistor.
(5) Measure resistance between sensor terminals.
ENGINE FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS (1)

Temperature - °F (°C) (2) Volts (3) Ohms
-40 (-40) 4.54 92,500
50 (10) 3.51 58,750
68 (20) 3.07 27,300
86 (30) 2.60 24,270
104 (40) 2.13 16,150
122 (50) 1.70 10,970
140 (60) 1.33 7700
158 (70) 1.02 5370
176 (80) 0.78 3840
194 (90) 0.60 2800
212 (100) 0.46 2070
230 (110) 0.35 1550
248 (120) 0.27 1180
275 (135) 0.19 810
302 (150) 0.13 560
(1) Values may differ by as much as 15 percent. For additional testing, see TEST DB: ENGINE FUEL TEMPERATURE SENSOR under SYSTEM TESTS in SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE article.
(2) Measure by backprobing signal circuit to ground.
(3) Measure resistance between sensor terminals.
FUEL RAIL PRESSURE SENSOR VOLTAGE-TO-FUEL PRESSURE CONVERSION

Volts (1) Pressure - psi (kPa)
Natural Gas Vehicles
4.5 150 (1034)
4.1 140 (965)
3.7 130 (896)
3.3 120 (827)
2.9 110 (758)
2.5 100 (689)
2.1 90 (620)
1.7 80 (551)
1.3 70 (482)
0.9 60 (413)
0.5 50 (344)
0.1 40 (275)
0.0 37.6 (259)
Except Natural Gas Vehicles
4.5 70 (482)
3.9 60 (413)
3.4 50 (344)
2.8 40 (275)
2.2 30 (207)
1.6 20 (138)
1.1 10 (69)
0.5 0.0 (0.0)
(1) For additional testing, see TEST DD: FUEL RAIL PRESSURE SENSOR under SYSTEM TESTS in SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE article.
INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE 2 SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS (1)

Temperature - °F (°C) (2) Volts (3) Ohms
50 (10) 3.51 58,750
68 (20) 3.07 37,300
86 (30) 2.60 24,270
104 (40) 2.13 16,150
122 (50) 1.70 10,970
140 (60) 1.33 7600
158 (70) 1.02 5370
176 (80) 0.78 3840
194 (90) 0.60 2800
212 (100) 0.46 2070
230 (110) 0.35 1550
248 (120) 0.27 1180
(1) Values may differ by as much as 15 percent. For additional testing, see TEST DU: INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE 2 under SYSTEM TESTS in SELF-DIAGNOSTICS - CNG, FLEX-FUEL & GASOLINE article.
(2) Measure voltage by backprobing signal circuit to ground.
(3) Measure resistance between sensor terminals.
MASS AIRFLOW SENSOR BAROMETRIC PRESSURE REFERENCE CHART

Barometric Pressure - In. Hg (kPa) BARO/MAP PID (Hz) Altitude
3.5 (11.8) 89.3 N/A
5.0 (16.9) 92.8 N/A
10.0 (33.8) 104.6 N/A
15.0 (50.7) 117.0 14,000
20.0 (67.5) 129.6 10,000
21.0 (70.90 132.5 9000
22.0 (74.3) 135.4 8000
23.0 (77.7) 138.3 7000
24.0 (81.1) 141.1 6000
25.0 (84.4) 144.0 5000
26.0 (87.8) 146.9 4000
27.0 (91.2) 149.8 3000
28.0 (94.6) 152.8 2000
29.0 (97.9) 155.8 1000
30.0 (101.3) 158.9 0 (Sea Level)
31.0 (104.7) 162.0 N/A
31.875 (107.70 164.7 N/A
Fig 2: Throttle Position Sensor Voltage
G00011515Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
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