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Home >> Ford >> 2003 >> ZX2 Standard >> Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page) >> Engine Performance >> System >> Engine Controls - Theory & Operation - CNG, Flex-Fuel & Gasoline >> Computerized Engine Controls >> Generic Electronic Module
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Generic Electronic Module

Automatic 4-Wheel Drive (A4WD) system is a full time 4-wheel drive system with an electronic shift 4x4 system that allows the operator to choose between three different 4x4 modes. The operator can switch between A4WD, and 4WD high mode at any speed, and 4WD low mode. In A4WD mode, Generic Electronic Module (GEM) varies torque split between front and rear driveline by controlling transfer case clutch. Transfer case clutch allows for slight speed differences between front and rear driveshaft which normally occurs when negotiating a corner on dry pavement. When rear wheels are overpowered, GEM detects this slip condition, and duty cycle to transfer case clutch is increased until speed difference between driveshafts is reduced.