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Symptom Chart - Engine Performance

Symptom Possible Sources Action
Difficult starting Inoperative or damaged ignition system
Air or vacuum leak
Inoperative or damaged fuel system
Inoperative or damaged starting system
Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure. Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) .
Damaged charging system/ battery REFER to: Charging System - 1.6L EcoBoost (132kW/180PS) - Sigma .
Burnt valve INSTALL a new cylinder head. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn piston INSTALL a new piston. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn piston rings INSTALL new piston rings. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn cylinder INSTALL a new cylinder block. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged head gasket INSTALL a new cylinder head gasket. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Inoperative or damaged cooling system Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure.
Fail-safe cooling invoked (if equipped) Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) .
Poor idling Vacuum leaks
Inoperative or damaged EGR system
Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure. Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) .
Inoperative or damaged ignition system Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure.
Inoperative or damaged cooling system
Inoperative or damaged fuel system
Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure.
Fail-safe cooling invoked (if equipped) Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) .
Incorrect valve clearance ADJUST valve clearance. Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Incorrect valve-to-valve seat contact INSTALL a new cylinder head. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged head gasket INSTALL a new cylinder head gasket. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Engine runs rough Inoperative or damaged fuel system
Air or vacuum leaks
EGR system fault
Inoperative or damaged cooling system
Inoperative or damaged ignition system
Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure.
Coolant intrusion (1.6L GTDI only) REFER to the Cooling System Pressure Test. Refer to: Engine Cooling .
Fail-safe cooling invoked (if equipped) Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) .
Burnt or sticking valve INSTALL a new valve. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Weak or broken valve spring INSTALL a new valve spring. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Carbon accumulation in combustion chamber ELIMINATE carbon buildup. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Excessive oil consumption Leaking oil REPAIR oil leakage. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Blocked or restricted turbocharger oil drain pipe INSPECT the turbocharger drain pipe. REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged or collapsed air intake hoses and tubes Tighten hoses clamps. INSPECT for damage and REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged exhaust or exhaust leaks at turbocharger housing or exhaust manifold. INSPECT for leaks. Leaks can be detected audibility or visually, by a discoloration caused by escaping hot exhaust gases. REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Turbocharger oil seals leaking REFER to Turbocharger Internal Oil Leak Test. Refer to: Turbocharger . TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Inoperative PCV system REPAIR or INSTALL new components as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Incorrect oil CHANGE oil to correct specification. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn valve stem seal INSTALL a new valve stem seal. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn valve stem or valve guide INSTALL a new cylinder head. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Sticking piston rings INSTALL new piston rings. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn piston ring groove INSTALL a new piston and piston pin. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn piston or cylinder INSTALL a new piston or cylinder block. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Oil in coolant Leaking head gasket
Damaged cylinder block
Damaged cylinder head
INSPECT the engine components. INSTALL new engine components as necessary. Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Leaking oil cooler INSPECT the oil cooler and seal for damage. INSTALL new components as necessary. Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure.
Coolant in oil Leaking head gasket
Damaged cylinder block
Damaged cylinder head
1.6L GTDI only - REFER to the Cooling System Pressure Test. Refer to: Engine Cooling .
INSPECT the engine components. INSTALL new engine components as necessary. Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Insufficient power Inoperative or damaged ignition system
Air intake system blockage
Lubrication system blockage
Inoperative or damaged fuel system
Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure. Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) .
Turbocharger turbine or compressor wheel damage INSPECT the turbocharger. REFER to the Check for Free Rotation- Off Vehicle. Refer to: Turbocharger . TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged exhaust or exhaust leaks at turbocharger housing or exhaust manifold INSPECT for leaks. Leaks can be detected audibility or visually, by a discoloration caused by escaping hot exhaust gases. REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Malfunctioning turbocharger bypass valve Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) .
Oil level too high DRAIN and FILL the engine oil. INSTALL a new oil filter. INSPECT the cooling system and the fuel system. Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure and Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) . REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Incorrect engine oil INSTALL correct specification engine oil. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Excessive accessory drive belt loading
Inoperative or damaged cooling system
Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure.
Fail-safe cooling invoked (if equipped) Refer to Engine Controls - Symptom Charts (Except Diesel & Hybrid) .
Damaged or plugged exhaust system INSPECT exhaust system. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Incorrect tire size REFER to: Suspension System .
Dragging brakes REFER to: Brake System .
Slipping transmission Refer to the appropriate Automatic Transmission article for the procedure.
Slipping clutch Refer to the appropriate Manual Transmission article for the procedure.
Incorrect valve clearance ADJUST valve clearance. Refer to the appropriate Engine article for the procedure. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn or damaged valve tappet INSTALL a new valve tappet. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged valve guide
Compression leakage at valve seat
Seized valve stem
INSTALL a new cylinder head assembly. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Weak or broken valve spring INSTALL a new valve spring. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn or damaged cam INSTALL a new camshaft. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged head gasket INSTALL a new head gasket. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Cracked or distorted cylinder head INSTALL a new cylinder head assembly. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged, worn or sticking piston ring(s) INSTALL a new piston ring(s). TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Worn or damaged piston INSTALL a new piston and piston pin. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Engine emits excessive black smoke (black/blue/white) Clogged Air Cleaner (ACL) element INSTALL a new ACL element. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Incorrect type or grade of oil DRAIN and FILL with specified oil.
Blocked or restricted turbocharger oil drain pipe INSPECT the turbocharger oil drain pipe. REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Damaged/restricted or leaking turbocharger intake tube assembly REPAIR or INSTALL a new tube as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Engine wear (piston rings, valve guides) REPAIR as necessary. TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.
Plugged crankcase ventilation system Visually INSPECT the crankcase ventilation system.
Turbocharger oil seals leaking REFER to Turbocharger Internal Oil Leak Test. Refer to: Turbocharger . TEST the system for normal operation after the repair.