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Home >> BMW >> 2014 >> 535d >> Repair and Diagnosis >> General Information >> OEM General Information >> Functional Description - F10 - Engine Performance >> Engine Performance - Functional Description >> Detection of air mass deviations >> Air mass deviations
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Air mass deviations

Fig 1: Air Mass Deviations Graph
G09908286Courtesy of BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, INC.
  1. y-axis air masses
  2. y-axis position feedback from actuators
  3. x-axis time
  4. Measured air mass
  5. Calculated air mass
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