DTC 28, VES Tracking Error (Circuit Open, Shorted To Ground Or Shorted To Battery): Notes

Variable Effort Steering (VES) enable circuit, VES Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) output circuit and power steering pump/EVO actuator conduct Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) for variable effort system. CCM has ability to detect problem in VES circuits.

DTC 28 will set when VES function at low speeds is on and VES feedback is greater than 260 milliamps, or VES function at high speeds is on and VES feedback is less than 360 milliamps.

When DTC 28 is set and short to battery is present, DTC 27 will also set. If VES enable circuit, VES (PWM) output circuit or power steering pump/EVO actuator are shorted to battery, shorted to ground or open, CCM will completely disable variable effort output. DTC 28 will clear when ignition is turned off, then on again.