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Pinpoint Test A : Engine Does Not Crank (Without Push Button Start)

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2016 Ford Expedition. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

  1. A1 PERFORM INSPECTION AND VERIFICATION

    NOTE: Make sure battery voltage is greater than 12.2 volts prior to and during this pinpoint test.

    NOTE: If it is necessary to leave the battery charger connected during testing, do not leave it on its highest or boost setting. The highest settings can exceed 16 volts, resulting in false test results and setting of DTCs.

    Was an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern found? 

    Yes  Correct the cause as necessary.
    No  GO to  A2

  2. A2 CHECK FOR ANY MESSAGES IN THE MESSAGE CENTER

    • Check the message center while holding the ignition key in the start position.

    Is STARTING SYSTEM FAULT displayed in the message center? 

    Yes  REFER to Anti-Theft Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS) , Symptom Chart: Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS).
    No  GO to  A3.

  3. A3 VERIFY THE BCM AND PCM PASS THE NETWORK TEST

    • Ignition ON.
    • Using a diagnostic scan tool, perform the Network Test.

    Did the BCM and PCM pass the Network Test? 

    Yes  GO to  A4.
    No  REFER to Module Communications Network .

  4. A4 RETRIEVE BCM AND PCM DTCs

    • Ignition ON.
    • Using a scan tool, perform the BCM and PCM self-test.

    Are any DTCs present? 

    Yes  REFER to DTC Chart(s) .
    No  GO to  A5.

  5. A5 Check BCM IGN_SW_STATE PID

    • Using a diagnostic scan tool, view the BCM PIDs.
    • Monitor the BCM PID IGN_SW_STATE while turning the ignition switch from OFF to START.

    Does the PID change from Off to Start when the ignition switch is turned from OFF to START? 

    Yes  GO to  A6
    No  DIAGNOSE No power in Start. REFER to Steering Column Switches .

  6. A6 CHECK THE IN GEAR-TRANSMISSION IS APPLYING A LOAD TO ENGINE (IN_GEAR) PID.

    • Using a scan tool, view the PCM PIDs.
    • While observing the PCM PID IN_GEAR, place the gear selector in PARK and then NEUTRAL.

    Does the PID read NO in both positions? 

    Yes  GO to  A7.
    No  REFER to Automatic Transmission 6R80 .

  7. A7 CHECK THE PCM ENGINE CRANKING (ENG_CRANK) PID

    • Using a scan tool, view the PCM PIDs.
    • Make sure the transmission is in PARK or NEUTRAL.
    • With the key in the START position, monitor the PCM PID ENG_CRANK.

    Does the PID change from Inactive to Active? 

    Yes  GO to  A10.
    No  GO to  A8.

  8. A8 CHECK THE START REQUEST CIRCUIT FOR VOLTAGE AT THE PCM

    • Ignition OFF.
    • Disconnect: PCM C175B .
    • With the key in the START position, measure:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      C175B-47
      GFD135805Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground

    Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 

    Yes  GO to  A20.
    No  GO to  A9.

  9. A9 CHECK THE IGNITION SWITCH

    • Carry out the Ignition Switch component test.Refer to Component Testing for component testing.

    Did the ignition switch pass the component test? 

    Yes  REPAIR circuit CDC35 (BU/WH) for an open.
    No  INSTALL a new ignition switch. REFER to Steering Column Switches .

  10. A10 CHECK THE STARTER RELAY CONTROL OPERATION

    • Ignition OFF.
    • Disconnect: BJB Starter Relay.
    • Connect a test light:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      GFD135806Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Starter Relay Socket Pin 1
      GFD135807Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      GFD135806Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Starter Relay Socket Pin 2
    • Make sure the transmission is in PARK or NEUTRAL.
    • With the key in the START position, observe the test light.

    Does the test light illuminate when the key is in the START position? 

    Yes  GO to  A11.
    No  GO to  A18.

  11. A11 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER RELAY

    • Measure:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      GFD135806Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Starter Relay Socket Pin 3
      GFD135805Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground

    Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 

    Yes  GO to  A12.
    No  VERIFY BJB fuse 13 (30A) is OK. If OK, REPAIR the circuit for an open. If not OK, REFER to the OEM Electrical Wiring Diagram Introduction to identify the possible causes of the circuit short.

  12. A12 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR OPERATION AT THE STARTER RELAY

    • With the gear selector in PARK or NEUTRAL, momentarily connect a fused jumper wire:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      GFD135806Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Starter Relay Socket Pin 3
      GFD135808Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      GFD135806Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Starter Relay Socket Pin 5

    Did the starter motor engage and the engine crank? 

    Yes  INSTALL a new starter relay.
    No  GO to  A13.

  13. A13 CHECK THE BATTERY GROUND CABLE

    • Measure:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      GFD135809Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Battery Positive Post
      GFD135805Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground G100
      GFD135809Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Battery Positive Post
      GFD135805Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground G101
      GFD135809Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Battery Positive Post
      GFD135805Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground G102

    Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 

    Yes  GO to  A14.
    No  PERFORM the starter motor Component Tests .

  14. A14 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR GROUND

    • Measure:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      GFD135809Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Battery Positive Post
      GFD135805Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      GFD135810Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Starter Motor Case

    Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 

    Yes  GO to  A15.
    No  CLEAN the starter motor mounting flange and MAKE SURE the starter motor is correctly mounted. REFER to Starter Motor .

  15. A15 CHECK THE VOLTAGE TO THE STARTER MOTOR

    • Measure:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      C197A-1 (B-terminal)
      GFD135805Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground

    Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 

    Yes  GO to  A16.
    No  PERFORM the starter motor Component Tests .

  16. A16 CHECK THE STARTER MOTOR FOR CORRECT OPERATION

    • Ignition OFF.
    • Make sure the transmission is in PARK or NEUTRAL.
    • Connect a remote starter switch between the starter solenoid C197A-1 (B-terminal) and C197B-1 (S-terminal).

    Did the starter engage and the engine crank? 

    Yes  GO to  A17.
    No  INSTALL a new starter motor. Refer to Starter Motor .

  17. A17 CHECK FOR START INPUT AT THE STARTER

    • Connect: BJB Starter Relay.
    • Disconnect: Starter Solenoid C197B (S-terminal).
    • With the gear selector in PARK, with the key in the START position, measure:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      C197B-1 (S-terminal)
      GFD135805Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground

    Is the voltage greater than 11 volts? 

    Yes  CLEAN the starter solenoid (S-terminal) and C197B. CHECK the wiring and the starter motor for a loose or intermittent connection.
    No  REPAIR the circuit for an open.

  18. A18 CHECK THE PCM START CONTROL CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND

    • Ignition OFF.
    • Disconnect: ACM C290A (base radio).
    • Disconnect: ACM C240B (except base radio).
    • Disconnect: PCM C175B .
    • Measure:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      C175B-43
      GFD135811Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground
      C175B-62
      GFD135811Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      		 Ground

    Are the resistances greater than 10, 000 ohms? 

    Yes  GO to  A19.
    No  REPAIR the affected circuit for a short to ground.

  19. A19 CHECK THE PCM START CONTROL CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN

    • Measure:
      Positive Lead Measurement / Action Negative Lead
      C175B-43
      GFD135811Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      GFD135806Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Starter Relay Socket Pin 2
      C175B-62
      GFD135811Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY
      GFD135806Courtesy of FORD MOTOR COMPANY

      Starter Relay Socket Pin 1

    Are the resistances less than 3 ohms? 

    Yes  GO to  A20.
    No  REPAIR the affected circuit for an open.

  20. A20 CHECK FOR CORRECT PCM OPERATION

    • Ignition OFF.
    • Disconnect and inspect all PCM connectors.
    • Repair:
      • corrosion (install new connector or terminals - clean module pins)
      • damaged or bent pins - install new terminals/pins
      • pushed-out pins - install new pins as necessary
    • Reconnect the PCM connectors. Make sure they seat and latch correctly.
    • Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.

    Is the concern still present? 

    Yes  CHECK OASIS for any applicable TSBs. If a TSB exists for this concern, DISCONTINUE this test and FOLLOW the TSB instructions. If no TSBs address this concern, INSTALL a new PCM. REFER to Electronic Engine Controls .
    No  The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by module connections. ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
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