Low Data Rate (LDR) System

The LDR misfire monitor uses a low data rate CKP sensor signal, which indicates one time measurement signal for each cylinder event. The PCM uses the CKP sensor signal to calculate the crankshaft speed and acceleration for each cylinder. The crankshaft acceleration is then processed to detect a sporadic, single-cylinder misfire patterns or multi-cylinder misfire patterns. The changes in overall engine RPM are removed by subtracting the median engine acceleration over a complete engine cycle. The crankshaft acceleration is then processed by three algorithms. The first algorithm, called pattern cancellation, is optimized for detection of sporadic patterns of misfire. The algorithm learns the normal pattern of cylinder accelerations from the mostly good firing events and is then able to accurately detect deviations from that pattern. The second algorithm, called pattern cancellation by opposing engine revolution, is optimized for single cylinder patterns. The algorithm compares the acceleration of a cylinder to its opposite cylinder on the opposing engine revolution. The algorithm learns the normal patterns that repeat every engine revolution and is then able to accurately detect deviations between the paired cylinders. The third algorithm is a non filtered acceleration signal that is a general purpose signal for all patterns including multi cylinder patterns. The resulting deviant cylinder acceleration values are used in evaluating misfire. Refer to General Misfire Processing  in this procedure for more information.