Front Wheel Alignment: Adjustment

Fig 1: Vehicle Height Specification

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Vehicle height: 

Fig 2: Measuring Vehicle Height

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Measuring points: 

1. A: Ground clearance of front wheel center 
2. B: Ground clearance of lower arm No. 1 set bolt center 
3. C: Ground clearance of rear axle carrier bush set bolt center 
4. D: Ground clearance of rear wheel center 

HINT:

Bounce the vehicle at the corners up and down to stabilize the suspension and inspect the vehicle height.

Fig 3: Toe-In Specification

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Toe-in: 

Fig 4: Measuring Toe-In

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HINT:

• Measure "C-D" only when "A+B" can not be measured.
• If toe-in is not within the specified range, adjust it at the rack ends.

1. Measure the thread lengths of the right and left rack ends.
   1. Standard:Difference in thread length of 1.5 mm or less 
2. Remove the rack boot set clips.
3. Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.
4. Adjust the rack ends if the difference in thread length between the right and left rack ends is not within the specified range.
   1. Extend the shorter rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the outer-side.
   2. Shorten the longer rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the inner-side.
5. Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust toe-in.

   HINT:

   Try to adjust toe-in to the center of the specified range.

6. Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are the same.
   1. Standard: 0 +/- 1mm 
7. Torque the tie rod end lock nuts.
   1. Torque: 74 N.m (749 kgf.cm, 54 ft.lbf) 
   Fig 5: Measuring Lengths Of The Right And Left Rack Ends

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   NOTE: Temporarily tighten the lock nut while holding the hexagonal part of the steering rack end so that the lock nut and the steering rack end do not turn together. Hold the width across flat of the tie rod end and tighten the lock nut.
8. Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.

   HINT:

   Make sure that the boots are not twisted.

9. Perform VSC system calibration (see CALIBRATION ).

1. Turn the steering wheel fully left and right and measure the turning angle.

Fig 6: Wheel Turning Angle

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Wheel turning angle: 

Fig 7: Measuring Turning Angle

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If the right and left inside wheel angles differ from the specified range, check the right and left rack end lengths.

1. Put the front wheel on the center of the alignment tester.
2. Remove the center ornament.
   Fig 8: Camber, Caster And Steering Axis Inclination

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3. Install the camber-caster-steering axis inclination gauge at the center of the axle hub or drive shaft.
4. Inspect the camber, caster and steering axis inclination.

   Camber, caster and steering axis inclination: 

   Fig 9: Installing Camber-Caster-Steering Axis Inclination Gauge At Center Of Axle Hub Or Drive Shaft

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   NOTE:

   • Inspect while the vehicle is empty (without the spare tire or tools onboard).
   • The maximum tolerance of right and left difference for the camber and caster is 45' or less.
5. Remove the camber-caster-steering axis inclination gauge and attachment.
6. Install the center ornament.

If the caster and steering axis inclination are not within the specified values, after the camber has been correctly adjusted, recheck the suspension parts for damaged and/or worn out parts.

1. Remove the front wheel.
2. Remove the 2 nuts on the lower side of the shock absorber.
3. Clean the installation surfaces of the shock absorber and the steering knuckle.
4. Temporarily install the 2 nuts.
   Fig 10: Removing The 2 Nuts On The Lower Side Of The Shock Absorber

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5. Fully push or pull the front axle hub in the direction of the required adjustment.
6. Tighten the nuts.
   1. Torque: 153 N.m (1,560 kgf.cm, 113 ft.lbf) 
   Fig 11: Pushing Or Pulling The Front Axle Hub In The Direction Of The Required Adjustment

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   NOTE: Keep the bolts from rotating and torque the nuts.
7. Install the front wheel.
   1. Torque: 103 N.m (1,050 kgf.cm, 76 ft.lbf) 
8. Check the camber.

   If the measured value is not within the specified range, calculate the required adjustment amount using the formula below.

   1. (Camber adjustment amount) = Center of the specified range - Measured value 

   Check installed bolts combination. Select appropriate bolts from the table below to adjust the camber to within the specified range.

   Fig 12: Adjusting Camber Reference Data

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   Fig 13: Identifying Camber Adjusting Bolt

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   HINT:

   • Measure the camber with the bolts currently installed and check the amount of loosness from the specified range.

     (Ex: The measured value is - 1°35')

   • Determine whether the direction of the required adjustment is toward the positive or negative side.

     (Ex: Refer to table (1) (Move the axle toward positive side))

   • Check the required adjustment amount from the measured value. (Table (1), Table (2))

     (Ex: Select "Adjusting value:0°45' to 1°00'")

   • Check the currently installed bolts combination.

     (Ex: "Installed bolt: 1-No Dot 2-2Dots")

   • Select the adjusting bolts.

     (Ex: "Selected Bolt Combination" results in F: 1-3Dots 2-3Dots)

   • Measure the alignment again and check that it is within the specified range.

     (Ex: Measured value is within -0°35' +/- 45')

   Table (1) (Move the axle toward positive side) 

   Fig 14: Installed Bolt And Adjusting Value Chart

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   Selected Bolt Combination 

   Fig 15: Selected Bolt Combination Chart

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   Bolt Distinguishing Mark 

   Fig 16: Identifying Bolt Distinguishing Mark

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   The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.

   NOTE: Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.
9. Repeat the steps mentioned above. At step (b), replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.

   HINT:

   Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

   Table (2) (Move the axle toward negative side) 

   Fig 17: Installed Bolt And Adjusting Value Chart

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   Selected Bolt Combination 

   Fig 18: Selected Bolt Combination Chart

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   Bolt Distinguishing Mark 

   Fig 19: Identifying Bolt Distinguishing Mark

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   The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.

   NOTE: Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.
10. Repeat the steps mentioned above. At step (b), replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.

HINT:

Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.