Airbag System: Notes

The ZB Airbag System contain the following components: Occupant Restraint Controller (ORC), Airbag Warning Indicator, Clockspring, Driver and Passenger dual stage Airbags, Driver and Passenger Hall-effect Seat Belt buckles Switches (SBS), Driver and Passenger Seat Belt Tensioners (SBT) and a Passenger Airbag On-Off Switch.

The Occupant Restraint Controller (ORC) is a new type of Airbag Control Module (ACM). The new ACM supports staged airbag deployment. Staged deployment is the ability to trigger airbag system squib inflators individually as needed to provide the appropriate restraint for the severity of the impact. The ACM has four major functions: PCI Bus communications, onboard diagnostics, impact sensing, and component deployment. The ACM also contains an energy-storage capacitor. This capacitor stores enough electrical energy to deploy the front airbag components for two seconds following a battery disconnect or failure during an impact. The ACM is secured to the floor panel transmission tunnel under the console. The ACM cannot be repaired or adjusted. The ACM sends and/or receives PCI Bus messages with the Instrument Cluster (MIC), Body Control Module (BCM).

The microprocessor in the ACM monitors the impact sensors signals and the airbag system electrical circuits to determine the system readiness. If the ACM detects a monitored system fault it sends a message to the instrument cluster via PCI bus to turn on the airbag warning indicator. The ACM can set both active and stored diagnostic trouble codes to aid in the diagnosing system problems. See DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES . The ACM uses two front impact sensors and ACM Accelerometer to sense the rate of vehicle deceleration, provide verification of the direction and severity of an impact. A pre-programmed decision algorithm in the ACM microprocessor determines when the deceleration rate is severe enough to require airbag system protection. The ACM also uses the driver and front passenger seat belt switch status (buckled or unbuckled) and crash severity to determine the level of driver and front passenger airbag deployment, low medium or high. When the programmed conditions are met, the ACM sends an electrical signal to deploy the appropriate airbag system components.

WARNING: THE AIRBAG SYSTEM IS A SENSITIVE, COMPLEX ELECTRO-MECHANICAL UNIT. BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO DIAGNOSE OR SERVICE ANY AIRBAG SYSTEM OR RELATED STEERING WHEEL, STEERING COLUMN, OR INSTRUMENT PANEL COMPONENTS YOU MUST FIRST DISCONNECT AND ISOLATE THE BATTERY NEGATIVE (GROUND) CABLE. WAIT TWO MINUTES FOR THE SYSTEM CAPACITOR TO DISCHARGE BEFORE FURTHER SYSTEM SERVICE. THIS IS THE ONLY SURE WAY TO DISABLE THE AIRBAG SYSTEM. FAILURE TO DO THIS COULD RESULT IS ACCIDENTAL AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT AND POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY. NEVER STRIKE OR KICK THE AIRBAG CONTROL MODULE, AS IT CAN DAMAGE THE IMPACT SENSOR OR AFFECT ITS CALIBRATION. IF AN AIRBAG CONTROL MODULE IS ACCIDENTALLY DROPPED DURING SERVICE, THE MODULE MUST BE SCRAPPED AND REPLACED WITH A NEW UNIT. FAILURE TO TAKE THE PROPER PRECAUTIONS COULD RESULT IN ACCIDENTAL AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT AND PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.

The airbag warning indicator is the only point at which the customer can observe symptoms of a system malfunction. Whenever the ignition key is turned to the run or start position, the ACM performs a lamp check by turning the airbag warning indicator on for 6 to 8 seconds. After the lamp check, if the indicator turns off, it means that the ACM has checked the system and found it to be free of discernable malfunctions. If the lamp remains on, there could be an active fault in the airbag system or the MIC airbag warning lamp circuit may be internally shorted. If the lamp comes on and stays on for a period longer than 6 to 8 seconds then goes off, there is usually an intermittent problem in the system.