System Description

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2010 Toyota 4Runner. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

WARNING:

If using a pacemaker, be sure to read the manual of the pacemaker before using the key, as the radio waves of the key may affect the pacemaker.

SMART KEY SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
1. In addition to conventional mechanical key and wireless door lock control functions, the smart key system enables door locking/unlocking, steering lock releasing, engine control system starting and back door opening without operating the key. The only requirement is that the key is in the possession of the user.
  - This system is controlled by the certification ECU. When the certification ECU detects the presence of the key in one of the detection areas, it identifies and checks the ID code, and outputs operation signals to the related ECU in accordance with their functions.
  - The detection areas are formed by 6 antennas.

DETECTION AREA

Fig 1: Identifying Detection Area Diagram

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

*1	Indoor No. 1 Electrical Key Antenna Assembly (Front Floor)	*2	Electrical Key Antenna
*3	Indoor No. 2 Electrical Key Antenna Assembly (Rear Floor)	*4	Indoor No. 2 Electrical Key Antenna Assembly (Inside Luggage)
*5	Electrical Key Antenna (Outside Luggage)	-	-
*a	Approximately 0.7 to 1.0 m (2.30 to 3.28 ft.)	-	-
	Interior Detection Area		Exterior Detection Area

Precautions for the entire system:
- Be sure to carry the key during inspection of the smart key system.
- As weak radio waves are used to detect the key, the key detection area may decrease, or the key may not be detected correctly in the following situations.
  1. The key battery is depleted.
  2. Any facilities that generate strong radio waves, such as a TV tower, power plant, broadcast station or gas station, are located near the inspection site.
  3. A wireless device, such as a cell phone, is carried with the key.
  4. The key is in contact with or covered by metal.
  5. Electric wave type keyless entry systems are being operated nearby.
  6. The key is located near a device that generates high voltage or noise.
  7. Film with some metallic content is applied to the back glass.
    HINT:
    
    In this case, remove the film or unlock the door using the mechanical key.
- Even if the key is in the vehicle exterior key detection area, the key may not operate properly due to the vehicle body design.
- The key may not be detected correctly if it is around the vehicle windows, door handles or bumpers, even when it is in the detection area outside the vehicle.
- The key may not be detected correctly if it is on the instrument panel or floor, or in the glove box, even when it is in the detection area inside the vehicle.
- The key may not operate if the key is not held properly.
- The smart key system does not operate under the following conditions:
  1. The smart key system is canceled.
  2. The key battery is completely depleted (the indicator does not blink when pushing any of the switches on the key).

FUNCTION OF MAIN COMPONENTS

Component	Function
Certification ECU	Controls the smart key system in accordance with signals from each antenna, various switches, ECUs and the key. Performs key verification. Performs vehicle interior/exterior transmission. Performs occupant sensor control. Sends lock/unlock commands during entry function. Sends steering lock/unlock commands. Sends immobilizer set/unset commands. Records verification codes.
Main body ECU	Receives request signals from the certification ECU and actuates each door lock motor to unlock or lock the doors. Transmits each door condition to the certification ECU.
Power management control ECU	Controls the push button start function in accordance with signals from various switches, ECUs and the combination meter. Transmits the electrical key verification request signal to the certification ECU in accordance with the engine switch signal and turns relays on and off.
Multiplex network door ECU (back door P/W)	Transmits a back door window open (door unlock) request signal to the certification ECU.
ID code box	Receives a command from the certification ECU and sends an immobilizer set/unset command to the ECM. Records verification codes.
Indoor electrical key antenna assembly (front floor, rear floor and inside luggage)	Receives a request signal from the certification ECU and forms the detection area in the vehicle interior.
Door control receiver	Receives the ID code from the key in the detection area and transmits it to the certification ECU.
Electrical key antenna (outside luggage)	Receives a request signal from the certification ECU and forms the detection area around the back door.
Back door control switch	Transmits a back door window open (door unlock) request signal to the multiplex network door ECU. Transmits a door lock request signal to the certification ECU.
Back door opener switch assembly	Transmits a door unlock request signal to the certification ECU.
Front door outside handle assembly (for driver, front passenger side doors)	Receives a request signal from the certification ECU and forms the detection area around front door. Transmits door unlock request signals to the certification ECU. Transmits door lock request signals to the certification ECU.
Key	Consists of a mechanical key, a transmitter for wireless door lock control and a transceiver for the smart key system.
Wireless door lock buzzer Combination meter assembly Multi-information display Buzzer	When the certification ECU detects human errors, such as those below, it warns the driver by sounding the wireless door lock buzzer, displays information and sounds the buzzer in accordance with the request signal from the ECU. Example: The key is brought out of the vehicle while the engine is still running. The key is brought out of the vehicle while the shift lever is in a position other than P.

CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION

Key:

A total of 7 keys can be registered.

Electrical key transmitter:

The electrical key transmitter consists of a mechanical key, a transmitter function for the wireless door lock control and a transceiver for the smart key system.

The transceiver function for the smart key system receives the signals from the antennas and sends the ID code to the door control receiver.
The transmitter function for the wireless door lock control has a lock switch, unlock switch and panic switch.
The mechanical key can lock/unlock all the doors. To lock or unlock the doors, insert the key into the door key cylinder, and then turn it to the lock or unlock position.

Fig 2: Identifying Transceiver

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

*1	Lock Switch	*2	Unlock Switch
*3	Panic Switch	*4	Mechanical Key

Antenna (front door, front floor, rear floor, inside luggage and outside luggage):
Each antenna transmits the request signal received from the certification ECU, and forms a key detection area to detect the presence of a key. The detection area formed by the front door antenna and outside luggage antenna is approximately 0.7 to 1.0 m (2.30 to 3.28 ft.) from the outside handle of the front door and rear bumper.
- The detection area of the front door antenna is formed by transmitting a request signal every 0.25 seconds while the engine switch is off and all the doors are locked. In this way, it detects the proximity of a key. During entry lock, the detection area is formed with the lock sensor on.
- The detection area of the outside luggage antenna is formed when the unlock switch is on.
- The detection area of the indoor antennas (front floor, rear floor and inside luggage) is formed when the driver door is open or closed, during starting, when a warning is activated, or when the lock sensor is on.

ENTRY FUNCTION OPERATION

The smart key system has the following functions.

Function	Outline
Mechanical Key	Operation is the same as a conventional mechanical key.
Wireless Door Lock Control	This function remotely locks and unlocks all the doors and the back door. Operation is the same as the wireless door lock control system. However, the receiver in the certification ECU uses the door control receiver to control locking and unlocking.
Entry Unlock	When the key is located in the detection area of the electrical key antenna, the door can be unlocked by touching the inside of the front door outside handle.
Entry Unlock Mode Switching. Refer to CUSTOMIZE PARAMETERS	Changes the doors that can be unlocked with the entry unlock function between 2 modes. Driver door unlock mode. All door unlock mode.
Entry Lock	When the key is located in the detection area of the electrical key antenna and the engine switch is off, the door can be locked by touching the lock sensor on the front door outside handle. When the key is located in the detection area of the outside luggage electrical key antenna and the engine switch is off, the door can be locked by pressing the lock switch on the back door control switch.
Entry Back Door Unlock	When the key is in the detection area of the electrical key antenna (outside luggage), the door can be unlocked by pressing the unlock switch on the back door control switch or the back door opener switch.
Back Door Power Window Function	Pressing the unlock switch on the back door control switch for approximately 1 second or more causes the back door window to open while sounding wireless buzzer. Pressing the lock switch on the back door control switch for approximately 1 second or more causes the back door window to close while sounding wireless buzzer.
Key Lock-in Prevention	Prevents lock-in of the key if the door is locked while the key is still inside the vehicle. Prevents lock-in of the key if the glass hatch is closed while the key is still inside the vehicle.
Entry Illumination	When a person carrying the key enters the detection area, the door enters unlock standby mode and the room light illuminates.
Warning	When any of the situations below occur, the smart key system causes the certification ECU to sound the buzzer in the combination meter and the wireless door lock buzzer, and display information in order to alert the driver. Shift lever not in P (power source cut reminder) vehicle exit warning Key reminder warning Shift lever in P (power source cut reminder) vehicle exit warning Entry door ajar warning Passenger has brought key out of vehicle warning Key is not within detection area warning Key lock-in prevention function buzzer Key battery low warning
Battery Saving	If the key is constantly located within the detection area of the door antenna, the system maintains periodic communication with the key. Therefore, if the vehicle remains parked in that state for a long time, the key battery and vehicle battery may be drained. For this reason, the vehicle has controls for saving battery power.
Key Cancel. Refer to CUSTOMIZE PARAMETERS	The following key functions can be canceled: Entry unlock/lock Entry ignition Entry back door open Key lock-in prevention Warning

ENTRY UNLOCK FUNCTION
1. The detection area is formed by communication between an electrical key antenna and the certification ECU when the door is locked in order to detect the person carrying the key.
2. When the person carrying the key enters the detection area around the vehicle, the matching of the ID codes for an electrical key antenna and key is automatically performed. After the matching is completed, the door enters unlock standby mode.
3. In unlock standby mode, the electrical key antenna built into the outside handle starts operating. If the outside handle is held (the back side of the handle is touched), the door unlock operation is performed. At this time, the hazard warning lights blink twice.
4. If any of the doors are not opened after a door unlock operation, all the doors automatically lock after 30 seconds.
ENTRY LOCK FUNCTION
1. After leaving the vehicle while carrying the key, touch the lock sensor on the outside handle or push the unlock switch on the back door control switch when all the doors are closed.
2. The certification ECU determines whether the key is located inside or outside of the cabin based on the information from an electrical key antenna and indoor electrical key antenna. Then matching of the ID codes is performed.
3. When the matching result shows that the key is not detected inside the vehicle and the ID codes of the key and electrical key antenna match, the door lock function operates. At this time, the hazard warning lights blink once.
4. If the key is located inside of the cabin, the door lock function does not operate and the alarm buzzer (beep sound) sounds for 2 seconds.
ENTRY BACK DOOR UNLOCK FUNCTION
Stand in front of the back door with the key and push the unlock switch on the back door control switch or back door opener switch to start the matching of the ID codes for the electrical key antenna. If the ID codes match, the back door unlock operation is performed.
BACK DOOR POWER WINDOW FUNCTION
1. Pressing the unlock switch on the back door control switch for approximately 1 second or more operates the back door window open operation.
2. Pressing the lock switch on the back door control switch for approximately 1 second or more operates the back door window close operation.
3. If the back door power window function is operating and the unlock switch or lock switch is released, the back door power window operation stops.
4. The wireless buzzer sounds while the back door power window function is operating.
  HINT:
  
  For more information about the back door power window function, refer to the POWER WINDOW CONTROL (DIAGNOSTICS - INTRODUCTION) Refer to SYSTEM DESCRIPTION .
PREVENTION OF KEY LOCK-IN FUNCTION
1. If the key is in the cabin, the doors are closed and the entry lock operation is attempted (the lock sensor on the door outside handle is touched), the system determines that the key is located in the cabin and unlocks the doors.
2. If the back door is closed and the lock switch is pressed with the key in the vehicle and the other doors locked, the alarm sounds and the back door does not lock.
ENTRY ILLUMINATION FUNCTION
In order to improve ease of entering and exiting the vehicle at night, the vehicle lights illuminate when the key is brought near the vehicle.

WARNING FUNCTION

General:

When any of the situations below occur, the smart key system responds to alert the driver.

Warning Function Operation Condition	Situation
Shift lever not in P (power source cut reminder) vehicle exit warning	A
Key reminder warning	B
Shift lever in P (power source cut reminder) vehicle exit warning	C
Entry door ajar warning	D
Passenger has brought key out of vehicle warning	E
Key is not within detection area warning	F
Key lock-in prevention function buzzer (for cabin)	G
Key battery low warning	H

Situation A:

Shift lever not in P (power source cut reminder) vehicle exit warning

With the shift lever not in P, the driver door is opened and vehicle exit (while holding key) is attempted.

Reason for warning: Sudden vehicle start prevention, vehicle theft prevention, vehicle roll-away prevention
Warning start condition: Shift lever is not in P, engine switch is on (ACC) or on (IG), driver side door is opened and vehicle speed is 0 km/h (0 mph)
Warning stop condition: Engine switch is off, shift lever is in P, vehicle speed is above 0 km/h (0 mph) or driver side door is closed
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	Sounds continuously (beep)
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	"Shift to P Range"
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	None
Recommended user action		Move shift lever to P

With the shift lever not in P, the driver door is opened, the key is brought out of vehicle, the driver door is closed and movement away from the vehicle is attempted.

Reason for warning: Sudden vehicle start prevention, vehicle theft prevention, vehicle roll-away prevention
Warning start condition: Shift lever is not in P, engine switch is on (ACC) or on (IG), opened driver side door is closed, vehicle speed is 0 km/h (0 mph) and key is not in detected in vehicle interior or luggage interior
Warning stop condition: Key is detected in vehicle interior or luggage interior: Buzzer stops and "Shift to P Range" is displayed on combination meter Vehicle speed is more than 0 km/h (0 mph): Buzzer stops and "Key is not detected" - "Check key position" is displayed on combination meter Engine switch off: All warnings are turned off
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	Sounds continuously (beep)
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	Information below is displayed alternately on combination meter "Shift to P Range" "Key is not detected" - "Check key position"
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	Sounds continuously (beep)
Recommended user action		Move shift lever to P

Situation B:

Key reminder warning

The steering lock is unlocked, the driver door is opened and movement away from the vehicle is attempted.

Reason for warning: Vehicle theft prevention, required by law
Precondition: Remote start is not operating
Warning start condition: One of following conditions is met Engine switch is off, steering lock is unlocked and driver door is opened
Warning stop condition: One of following conditions is met Engine switch is on (IG) or driver door is closed Engine switch is on (ACC) or off, and steering lock is locked
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	Sounds intermittently (several "pon" sounds)
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	None
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	None
Recommended user action		If engine switch is on (ACC) or on (IG), turn engine switch off and close driver door

Situation C:

Shift lever in P (power source cut reminder) vehicle exit warning

With the shift lever in P, the driver door is opened, the key is brought out of the vehicle, the driver door is closed and movement away from the vehicle is attempted.

Reason for warning: Vehicle theft prevention, "Engine control system cannot be restarted" prevention, battery depletion prevention
Warning start condition: Shift lever is in P, engine switch is on (ACC) or on (IG), opened driver side door is closed and key is not in detected in vehicle interior or luggage interior
Warning stop condition: Engine switch is off, or key is detected in vehicle interior or luggage interior
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	Sounds once (1 "pon" sound) (when key is not detected continuously, sounds again when vehicle is first driven)
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	"Key is not detected" - "Check key position"
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	Sounds 3 times (short beeps)
Recommended user action		Turn engine switch off and exit vehicle while holding key

With the shift lever in P and the engine switch on (ACC) or on (IG), the driver door is opened, the user moves away from the vehicle and the door handle lock sensor is touched in an attempt to perform the entry lock operation.

Reason for warning: Vehicle theft prevention, battery depletion prevention
Precondition: Door control lock switch is turned from off to on
Warning start condition: Shift lever is in P, engine switch is on (ACC) or on (IG), all doors are closed, driver side door is opened and closed, key is detected outside of vehicle, key is not detected in vehicle interior and lock sensor is on
Warning stop condition: One of following conditions is met Engine switch is off Key is detected in vehicle interior or luggage interior Vehicle speed is more than 0 km/h (0 mph) Shift lever is not in P
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	Sounds once (1 "pon" sound) (when key is not detected continuously, sounds again when vehicle is first driven)
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	None
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	Sounds continuously (beep)
Recommended user action		Turn engine switch off and perform entry lock operation

Situation D:

Entry door ajar warning

With one vehicle door open, the entry lock operation is attempted.

Reason for warning: Vehicle theft prevention
Precondition: Engine switch is on (ACC) or off, and one door is open
Warning start condition: Preconditions are met and entry lock operation is performed
Warning stop condition: Engine switch is on (ACC) or on (IG), all doors are closed, wireless unlock is performed, entry unlock operation is performed or 10 seconds have passed after warning start
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	None
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	None
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	Sounds continuously (beep)
Recommended user action		Close all doors and perform entry lock operation

Situation E:

Passenger has brought key out of vehicle warning

With the engine switch in a condition other than off, the key is brought out of the vehicle by the passenger.

Reason for warning: "Engine control system cannot be started" prevention
Warning start condition: Engine switch is on (ACC) or on (IG), opened door other than driver side door is closed, vehicle speed is 0 km/h (0 mph) and key is not in detected in vehicle interior or luggage interior
Warning stop condition: Engine switch is off or key is detected in vehicle interior or luggage interior
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	Sounds once (1 "pon" sound) (when key is not detected continuously, sounds again when vehicle is first driven)
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	"Key is not detected" - "Check key position"
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	Sounds 3 times (short beeps)
Recommended user action		Check if passenger who exited vehicle has key or not

Situation F:

Key is not within detection area warning

With the key not in the vehicle cabin or the key battery depleted, an attempt is made to turn the engine switch on (ACC) or on (IG).

Reason for warning: User confusion prevention
Warning condition: Engine switch is not off and key is not detected in vehicle interior
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	Sounds once (1 "pon" sound)
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	"Key is not detected" - "Check key position" is displayed for 10 seconds and then display ends
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	None
Recommended user action		Check if key is within detection area of vehicle cabin If key is within vehicle interior, built-in battery may be depleted If wireless door lock switch on key is pressed, check if indicator on key illuminates If indicator does not illuminate, replace built-in battery It is recommended that battery be bought at dealer, but battery can be replaced according to user preference

Situation G:

Key lock-in prevention function buzzer (for cabin)

With the key in the vehicle cabin, the vehicle is exited and the door handle lock switch is touched in an attempt to perform the entry lock operation.

Reason for warning: Key reminder, vehicle theft warning prevention
Warning condition: Engine switch is off, all doors are closed, door handle lock sensor is on and key is detected in vehicle interior
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	None
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	None
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	Sounds continuously (beep)
Recommended user action		Pick up key that is in vehicle interior and perform entry lock operation again

Situation H:

Key battery low warning

A key with an almost depleted battery is used to drive the vehicle.

Reason for warning: Helpful function
Warning condition: After engine switch is not off for 20 minutes or more, engine switch is turned off, key battery is low and key is detected in vehicle interior
Warning description	Combination meter buzzer	Multi-buzzer	Sound once (1 "pon" sound)
	Combination meter display	Combination meter information	"Low Key Battery" - "Have your vehicle checked by a dealer"
		Telltale	None
	Wireless buzzer	None
Recommended user action		Replace built-in key battery with new one It is recommended that battery be bought at dealer, but battery can be replaced according to user preference

BATTERY SAVING

Vehicle battery saving function:

While the smart key system is operating, signals are emitted outside of the vehicle at a set interval (0.25 seconds) when the doors are locked. Therefore, the vehicle battery may be drained if the vehicle remains parked for a long time. For this reason, the controls listed below exist.

Condition	Control
Both conditions below are met for 5 days: Key is not in detection area Touch sensor or lock sensor operation is not performed	Signal transmission interval is extended from 0.25 to 0.75 seconds
Both conditions below are met for 14 days: Key is not in detection area Touch sensor or lock sensor operation is not performed	Automatically deactivates the smart key system

Reinstatement Conditions:

A wireless door lock control signal (lock, unlock) is input and the ID matches.
A user carries the key and touches the lock sensor on a door outside handle assembly.
The driver door is locked or unlocked by the mechanical key.

Key battery and vehicle battery saving function:
While the smart key system is operating, if the key is constantly located within the vehicle exterior detection area of the doors, the system maintains periodic communication with the key. Therefore, if the vehicle remains parked in that state for a long time, the key battery and the vehicle battery may be drained. For this reason, if this state continues for more than 10 minutes, the smart key system is automatically deactivated.

Reinstatement Conditions:
- A wireless door lock control signal (lock, unlock) is input and the ID code matches.
- A user carries the key and touches the lock sensor on a door outside handle assembly.
- The driver door is locked or unlocked by the mechanical key.

KEY DIAGNOSTIC MODE (Using the Techstream)

HINT:

Key diagnostic mode checks if the electrical key transmitter within a selected antenna detection area is operating normally. The results are output through the wireless door lock buzzer (in the front fender).

Connect the Techstream to the DLC3.
Turn the engine switch on (IG).
Turn the Techstream on.
Enter the following menus: Body Electrical / Smart Key / Utility / Key Communication Check.

Check the values by referring to the table below.

SMART KEY

Tester Display	Inspection Range
Overhead + Driver Side*1	Electrical key antenna (for Driver Side)
Overhead + Passenger Side*2	Electrical key antenna (for Front Passenger Side)
Overhead + Front Room*3	Indoor No. 1 electrical key antenna (Front Floor)
Overhead + Rear Room*4	Indoor No. 2 electrical key antenna (Rear Floor)
Overhead + Back Door (inside)*5	Indoor No. 2 electrical key antenna (Inside Luggage)
Overhead + Back Door*6	Electrical key antenna (Outside Luggage)

When the electrical key transmitter is brought near the selected antenna, check that the wireless door lock buzzer sounds.

*1: Electrical key antenna (for driver side)

Fig 3: Identifying Electrical Key Transmitter

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

*a	0.7 to 1.0 m (2.30 to 3.28 ft.)

HINT:

Hold the key at the same height as the door outside handle (0.7 to 1.0 m [2.30 to 3.28 ft.]). Pay attention to the direction of the key in the illustration.
*2: Perform the same inspection above for the other electrical key antenna (for front passenger side).

*3: Indoor No. 1 electrical key antenna (front floor)

Fig 4: Inspecting Antenna For Front Passenger Side & Front Floor

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

*a	Inspection Point

HINT:

Place the electrical key transmitter on the driver or front passenger seat cushion.

*4: Indoor No. 2 electrical key antenna (rear floor)

Fig 5: Inspecting Antenna For Rear Floor

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

*a	Inspection Point

HINT:

Pay attention to the direction of the key in the illustration.

*5: Indoor No. 2 electrical key antenna (inside luggage)

Fig 6: Inspecting Antenna For Inside Luggage

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

*A	w/ Rear No. 2 Seat Assembly
*B	w/o Rear No. 2 Seat Assembly
*a	Inspection Point

HINT:

Pay attention to the direction of the key in the illustration.

*6: Electrical key antenna (outside luggage)

Fig 7: Inspecting Antenna For Outside Luggage

TEXT IN ILLUSTRATION

*a	0.7 to 1.0 m (2.30 to 3.28 ft.)

HINT:

Hold the electrical key transmitter at the same height as the rear bumper upper surface. Pay attention to the direction of the key in the illustration.